Search

This paper tries to explain the economic significance of “pursuing green development and promoting harmony between humanity and nature” in the Report to the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) from the following eight aspects. First, it explains how to respect, adapt to, and protect nature through the confirmation of ownership, valuation classification and incentive. Second, it analyzes why China should work actively toward the goals of peaking carbon emissions and achieving carbon neutrality from the new security concept, new challenges, new situations, and new tasks brought by the urgency and severity of climate change risks. Third, it expounds on the difficulty and complexity of addressing climate change from multiple aspects, such as the ratchet effect, Giddens’s paradox, prisoner’s dilemma, lock-in effect, asset stranding, intergenerational equity, and the Wandering Earth scenario. Fourth, it recognizes the importance of stability, overall planning, and coordination based on the overall planned and coordinated triangle of high-quality development, carbon neutrality, and energy security. Fifth, it emphasizes the importance of green and low-carbon technological innovation by means of the IPAS equation. Sixth, it explains the essence of carbon neutrality as the industrial transition based on the energy transition, which is an economic logic. Seventh, taking the carbon market as an example, it explains the economic principle that the market mechanism plays an important role. Eighth, it explains how finance empowers the goals of peaking carbon emissions and achieving carbon neutrality as well as high-quality development. Finally, this paper is of guiding significance for economics, finance, international trade, and policy research, and in the meantime, provides new research tasks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In China, there exists a huge debate for a long time on whether a double dividend, reducing pollution emissions and boosting employment, can be achieved by intensifying environmental regulations. In this paper, we use two data sets on provincial environmental legislation and Chinese manufacturing firms during 1998–2013, to estimate the impact of provincial environmental legislation on the firms' employment growth with a difference-in-difference (DID) model. Results showed that (1) after the implementation of environmental legislation, the employment growth of regulated manufacturing firms decreases significantly by 3.07%, and this result is robust to alternative tests. (2) Local environmental legislation reduces employment growth mainly via the influencing mechanism of the firm's entry and exit, export, and innovation. (3) The local environmental legislation has heterogeneous impacts on employment growth in different industries and different regions, and the estimated effect is more obvious in high-pollution industries and areas with strong enforcement. (4) Environmental legislation significantly improves job destruction and reduces job creation, resulting in a − 3.86% job net increase. Due to the long-term implementation of extensive economic growth mode, China's ecological environment has been deteriorating since the 1990s, and environmental pollution has attracted more and more social attention. Until 2013, the Communist Party of China put forward 'ecological civilization', and building a beautiful new China with harmonious coexistence between man and nature has become an important development strategy. Meanwhile, starting from the implementation of the Two-Control-Zone policy in 1998, China has implemented numerous environmental policies in just ten years. These environmental policies have greatly improved the quality of China's ecological environment, but their economic effects have been controversial. Given the special historical period, this paper helps assess the impact of Chinese environmental policies on employment and provides a more objective policy evaluation and implications for improving existing laws and regulations to achieve higher social welfare. To achieve this goal of balancing the improvement of the ecological environment and high employment level, environmental policies firstly should be flexible to ensure that the environmental standards follow the firm's characteristics and regional characteristics to avoid "one size fits all". Particularly, for regions with poor economic development or having a single industrial structure, the implementation cycle of the environmental policies should be extended to ensure that they have enough time to achieve industrial restructuring and complete the environmental protection goals. Secondly, we find that environmental legislation hurts employment growth by limiting export decisions, so the government should use multiple channels to stabilize export when implementing environmental legislation. Thirdly, technological R&D and innovation play an important role in the effect of environmental legislation on firms' employment growth. Therefore, the government should provide a more flexible environment for firms' R&D and innovation with appropriate fiscal policies and technical support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 5th Plenary Session of the 19th Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee clearly states that developing science and technology through self-reliance and self-strengthening provides the strategic underpinning for China's development. Based on this background, this paper explores a metric model for assessing national scientific research strength through collaboration on research papers. We propose a novel metric model for assessing national scientific research strength, which sets two indicators, national scientific self-reliance (SR) and national academic contribution (CT), to reflect "self-reliance" and "self-strengthening" respectively. Taking the research papers in quantum technology as an example, this study analyzes the scientific research strength of various countries around the world, especially China in quantum technology. The results show that the research of quantum technology in China has always been relatively independent with fewer international collaboration papers and located in a more marginal position in cooperation networks. China's academic contribution (CT) to global quantum technology research is increasing and has been greater than that of the United States in 2020. Combining the two indicators, CT and SR, China's research strength in the quantum field closely follows the United States, and the United States is the most powerful with high research autonomy. This paper only reflects China's scientific research strength in quantum technology from collaboration on research papers and doesn't consider the segmentation of quantum technology and the industrial upstream and downstream aspects, which need further study. The model is helpful to better understand the national scientific research strength in a certain field from "self-reliance" and "self-strengthening". We propose a novel metric model to measure the national scientific research strength from the perspective of "self-reliance" and "self-strengthening", which provides a solid basis for the assessment of the strength level of scientific research in countries/regions and institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Military experience, as a special early experience exerts a very profound impact on individual decision making. This paper investigates the impact of military experience on male labor force entrepreneurial choices and its underlying mechanisms, using the 2014 to 2016 China Labor-force Dynamics Survey data. It is found that military experience significantly reduces the probability of individual entrepreneurship. The analysis of the influence mechanism shows that military experience inhibits survival entrepreneurship mainly by increasing employment opportunities in state-owned units, increasing the probability of becoming a member of the Communist Party of China(CPC), and accumulating human capital. This paper also finds that the inhibitory effect of military experience on individual entrepreneurship varies across household registration groups and is more significant for laborers with non-agricultural household. This paper not only reveals the impact of the military experience on individual entrepreneurship choices, but also provides empirical evidence for the development of innovation and entrepreneurship policies in emerging economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of the China-USA trade dispute, this study reports a discourse analysis of legitimation tactics used in the People's Daily, a major English-language news outlet produced by the Communist Party of China (CPC). My analysis centres on a dataset of 65 commentaries between March 2018 and January 2020, and identifies the five key tactics at work: authorization, moralization, rationalization, hypothetical future, and integration. These tactics (and their sub-tactics) are deployed for delegitimating the US-initiated "America First" trade policy, and for legitimating the Chinese state's position and countermeasures. Orienting to Western scholarship about the news media's role as an "echo chamber" for State/political agendas, I compare the pattern of legitimation in the People's Daily commentaries with the pattern previously found in an analysis of Chinese state white papers. This comparison highlights key similarities but also differences in terms of genre, language, and ideological coherence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study discusses how People's Music (1950-2019) in relation to the path of Taiwan's pop as a discourse has undergone the 'hostility', 'yellow music', 'spiritual pollution', followed by a 'legitimation'. The paper then identifies the later decline in importance for social critique and the move towards a 'media & culture' discourse after 2001. The paper argues that this has involved the binary structure of a feeling of sacred-profane construction, and negotiates its role as a propaganda institute in the dominant discourse of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). It reveals the governmentality of the CCP towards foreign cultures. This article problematized the musical discourse of People's Music as a sociological discourse, in the hope of expanding the direction of cultural sociology. This paper finds that Taiwanese pop has transitioned from the sacred-profane to an acceptable form of media culture, and that its legitimacy has contributed to its gradual absence from People's Music. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The report of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that it is necessary to accelerate the construction of digital China, and actively develop equipment intelligence, digitalization, and high‐end equipment manufacturing. With the construction of a new round of digital China, the safety of digital technology and high‐end equipment is particularly important for power grid. Transformer is an important link of power grid operation. The destructive thermal failure of transformer has become a hot research issue in the power industry. At the same time, there are more and more power electronic equipment in the power grid, which makes the regulation and control more and more complicated. Taking a 1000 kVA oil‐immersed transformer as an example, the magnetic, current, and thermal multi field coupling numerical analysis method is first used to simulate and analyse the operation status of the transformer. By comparing the simulation results with the monitoring data results, the error of the results is controlled within 5%. Finally, the multi‐state characteristic parameters of the transformer are monitored through sensors, and the numerical simulation analysis results are integrated with the state monitoring results to build a transformer thermal life loss assessment system. The method in this paper can evaluate and analyse the running state of transformer in real time, which is of great significance for the power company to formulate the treatment measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The forest-based wellness industry, as a rapidly growing sector that integrates various business forms with extensive coverage and an extended industrial chain, is undergoing rapid development due to the increasing aging population and people’s suboptimal health conditions. As a forerunner in developing the forest-based wellness industry, Sichuan province is known for its early development, proactive efforts, diverse models, and significant impact in this industry. It has achieved certain milestones in terms of top-level design, pilot demonstration, standardized guidance, and public awareness campaigns to promote the development of this industry. Therefore, this paper utilizes Sichuan as a case study to systematically summarize and analyze the key practices made by the province in promoting the rapid development of the industry by investigating the development trajectory of the forest-based wellness industry. Additionally, it examines the development trends of this industry from the perspectives of supply, demand, and consumption. Finally, this paper proposes several measures to facilitate the high-quality development of the forest-based wellness industry. These measures encompass nurturing specialized talent in forest-based wellness, enhancing market players’ capabilities in this domain, conducting extensive research on technologies that promote this industry, actively seeking support from relevant policies, and promoting integrated development across diverse sectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pilot of Accountability Audit of Natural resources (AANR) is an important initiative for the Communist Party of China Central Committee to eradicate environmental pollution and promote the construction of ecological civilization. The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between AANR and green innovation in heavily polluting enterprises, so as to promote regional sustainable development. With a sample of the national key monitoring enterprises in China from 2011 to 2018, this paper investigates the impact of AANR on green innovation in heavily polluting enterprises by applying the multi-period difference-in-differences model. The results indicate that AANR significantly promotes green innovation in heavily polluting enterprises. The results of mechanism testing indicate that AANR stimulates green innovation by promoting government environmental governance and government innovation-driven strategy. The heterogeneity testings indicate that the promoting effect of AANR on green innovation in heavily polluting enterprises is more significant in regions with higher environmental carrying capacity, higher pressure of GDP achievement and higher transparency of government environmental information. Therefore, China should deepen the enforcement of AANR to promote the green transformation of heavily polluting enterprises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the key to rural development has been to solve the problem of rural development. The "three rural issues" is a critical issue for the country's economy. In addition, the implementation of the Rural Revitalization Strategy under the environment of data financial and economic development can be more convenient and efficient. However, the traditional sensor fusion technology still has the disadvantages of low efficiency and high cost in the application of Rural Revitalization and digital financial economic development model. In order to solve the shortcomings of this technology, this paper proposes a multimodal sensor fusion technology combined with BP neural network (BPNN, a commonly used feedback neural network) and Kalman filter (a linear filtering algorithm), and it constructs a rural economic development model combined with digital finance. This paper uses this technology to study the economic development model. Firstly, the research method is to visit and investigate the residents and basic economic situation of a village and then use the economic development model constructed in this paper to carry out the economic analysis of the BPNN model and Kalman filter model. It includes Mohr scatter diagram, economic income, industrial investment, product export, and household consumption. The results show that the Mohr scatter diagram of the village changes from the third quadrant (−0.7, −0.5) to the first quadrant (−0.7, 0.3); the difference between the economic income calculated by the Kalman filter algorithm and BPNN algorithm and the actual value shall not exceed 10%. The rural industrial investment index increased by 56.08, the product export index increased by 30.11, and the household consumption index increased by 13.10. It shows that the economic development model constructed in this paper has achieved good results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China has been the socialist country since 1949, when the new country was established. Communist Party of China (CPC) selected Marxism as the governing ideology for China which is consistent with the hierarchical and centre government system. CPC is dedicated to improving happiness of society for the citizens within the framework of Marxism ideology. However, the concept of Marxism happiness, and its development are still limited in terms of understanding and study. This paper explored the development of concept of Marxism happiness through the different works of Marx from his early writing to the authoritative academic book. The researcher then defined the concept of Marxism Happiness. This paper employs document analysis and thematic analysis to provide a clear understanding of the concept of Marxism Happiness and its implication for the happiness of Chinese citizens, meanwhile, it would be conducive to the researchers and policy makers in ideological construction of a country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article critically examines 'Telling China's Story Well' (TCSW), a popular propaganda campaign slogan proposed by Chinese President Xi Jinping in 2013. Drawing on theories about storytelling and propaganda and using the COVID-19 as a contextualised example, the paper discusses how the slogan was adapted into 'Telling China's Anti-pandemic Story Well' to mobilise domestic and external propaganda of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) during the pandemic. We argue that TCSW should be understood as a well-crafted political watchword which promotes and commands strategic narratives of doing propaganda. It has the rhetorical power to integrate and reinvigorate domestic and external propaganda, and to facilitate their convergence. Adapting this slogan to mobilise propaganda campaigns of national or global importance and interest demonstrates the CCP's ambition to harness strategic storytelling to improve the coherence, effectiveness and reputation of its propaganda at home and abroad. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The implementation of the strategy of rural revitalization is a major ministerial work made by the Nineteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China and is the general grasp of contemporary agriculture, peasants, and rural work. In recent years, with the rapid development of remote sensing technology and deep learning technology, the demand for the technology for the classification of crops on satellite remote sensing images based on deep learning technology has increased in agricultural insurance and land survey. Therefore, this paper trains one, which is 85.9%–92.8%, the accuracy of corn classification is 77%–93%, and the accuracy of forest classification is 77%–87.6%. Subsequently, the overall accuracy of classifying all directories through the multi-temporal validation data set between May 2017 and October 2017 reached 92.6%. Such a multi-time combination method can be used for monthly, timely, and efficient iteration of agricultural insurance and crop yield estimation, which will be more accurate each time. These methods can also be further applied to the growth and change monitoring of large agricultural planting areas, adding bricks and tiles to China's agricultural remote sensing. If the countryside is to be revitalized, agriculture must develop rapidly at the same time, industries must flourish, ecology must be livable, rural customs must be civilized, and life must be prosperous. Modern agriculture is a comprehensive circulation system with high yield, high quality, low consumption, ecology, environmental protection, and high efficiency. The development of modern agriculture is inseparable from the industrialization of agriculture, the globalization of agriculture, the digitization of agriculture, the integration of agriculture, the adjustment of agricultural structure, and agricultural innovation. Only the continuous development of modern agriculture can make rural revitalization enter a new journey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As China increasingly asserts itself as a global superpower, western academics, and policymakers have grown evermore wary of the nation's actions abroad. One particular field of concern has involved the perception of a growing Chinese footprint in Sub-Saharan Africa, financed and directed by the Chinese Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). Using open-source research, this paper attempts to determine if, indeed, Chinese investment in Africa is growing. Additionally, this paper attempts to determine if and to what extent Chinese investment in Africa is the result of the BRI. Ultimately, this paper concludes that Chinese investment in Africa has - counterintuitively - decreased since the introduction of the BRI. This paper attempts to establish how the faulty perception of increased Chinese presence in Africa could come to be so commonly accepted, and why this might be the result of western readers unwisely taking the words of Chinese officials at face value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on interviews with 40 Chinese gay academics, this paper reveals participants' concerns about conducting queer research in China. These include sexual-identity exposure, difficulty in publishing research and receiving funding, as well as marginalisation within university departments. Informed by Irvine's conceptualisation of sexuality research as dirty work, this research examines the operation of heteronormativity in the constitution of queer research as dirty work. It shows that heteronormativity is intrinsic to research censorship by authorities, as repressive politics pursue regime maintenance and regulate difference. It is argued that Chinese academia is a heteronormative space in which queer research is constrained by the institutions and the Party-state. By teasing out the nuances in participants' experiences of research censorship, this paper highlights the complexity of power at play, which is far from a one-way relationship of authorities exerting power over researchers. Institutions exert power over queer researchers and simultaneously submit to the higher-level power of the Chinese Communist Party political system; at the same time, queer researchers who are governed by heteronormativity and political control can express their agency and resist the censorship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crises constitute ideal opportunities for authoritarian leaders to promote certain narratives, shaping reality in their favor and crafting their own preferred storylines about current events. In other words: they serve authoritarian leaders on a silver platter the opportunity to instrumentalize these unforeseen circumstances to gain domestic political legitimacy by promoting strategic narratives. The COVID-19 pandemic was no exception in this regard. Ever since its onset in early 2020, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) was among the most active actors worldwide seeking to capitalize on the global crisis for legitimation purposes. Whether applying narratives of governance supremacy, portraying the People's Republic of China as a "global savior," or promoting emotionally appealing nationalistic narratives, the regime used the pandemic as a window of opportunity to rebrand its international role and enhance its domestic legitimacy. When observing the CCP's communication style over the course of 24 pandemic months (2020–2022), however, major shifts become apparent regarding the main narratives crafted in communication with national audiences. Based on this, the paper focuses on the role of such narratives for legitimation claims. Using exemplary media articles collected between the outbreak of the pandemic in China in late 2019 until the harsh Shanghai lockdown in spring 2022, it thus traces the narratives employed by Chinese state elites and explores how they are intertwined with nationalism and broader power claims. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The idea of a human community with a shared future was proposed by the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core for the future development of human beings to face up to the most important question in today’s world: “What is happening to the world and what should we do?” It profoundly answers the question of the world, history, and the times. The theory of a human community with a shared future is an innovative theory with a multidimensional formation logic that guides humanity toward continually seeking common interests and values. This paper dives into the profound motivations behind building a human community with a shared future from historical, cultural, and practical dimensions and analyzes its epochal value from both domestic and international perspectives. This not only helps exert China’s role in the international community, contributing Chinese strength to the construction of a peaceful, stable, and prosperous human society, but also enhances the influence of the idea of a human community with a shared future in the international community, accelerating the building of a human community with a shared future that considers the legitimate concerns of all countries, and aiding in solving the crises facing the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Communist Party of China's 19th National Congress underlined the necessity of speeding the development of a manufacturing powerhouse and advanced manufacturing sector by supporting the deep integration of the Internet, big data, artificial intelligence, and the real economy. This study employed principal component analysis to extract the prominent risk factors from questionnaire data in order to manage the risks connected with the Internet strategic transformation of manufacturing firms. To confirm the major risk factors, a structural equation modeling was created using Amos-24 software. The findings revealed that risk factors of Internet strategic transformation in manufacturing businesses are mostly expressed in equipment flexibility risks, organizational versatility risks, smart technology risks, Internet technology risks, flexible management risks, and financing management risks. The paper offers useful theoretical and practical insights into the risks of China's manufacturing businesses' Internet strategic transformation. The findings can assist manufacturing firms in better identifying and managing these risks, supporting their smooth transition to the Internet economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of South Architecture / Nanfang Jianzhu is the property of South Architecture Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Using both quantitative and qualitative content analysis, this study investigates how two Chinese Communist Party newspapers frame the same story to international and national audiences. The empirical findings illustrate how propaganda techniques originally developed and applied in Western and democratic countries have been adopted and refined by newspapers in a state-run Communist press environment to create frames that best align with the cultural and political predispositions of domestic and international readers. The findings suggest Chinese authorities understand Western communication theory and appreciate how that theory can be applied to disseminate messages to both foreign and domestic audiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the concept of green nationalism in the authoritarian context of China, where the ruling Chinese Communist Party (CCP) has adopted the rhetoric of ecological civilization as a means of promoting environmental protection and securing global legitimacy. The authors argue that the CCP's performance legitimacy is closely linked to its ability to address environmental concerns in the context of climate change, and that the development of green nationalism is a rational choice for leaders seeking to maintain this legitimacy. However, the authors also highlight the role of actors such as social entrepreneurs, academics, and environmental NGOs in promoting green nationalism from the bottom-up. Using constructivist political theory, the paper explores how the intersection of different green narratives at various levels can be used to rethink the nation and make claims to legitimacy. Overall, the paper contributes to theory-building by providing a framework for understanding the complex relationship between environmental protection, nationalism, and authoritarian politics in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since the rural revitalisation strategy was first introduced in the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, government agencies and scholars have put forward a series of indicators to measure its implementation. However, such a large number of indicators complicate the process. The rural revitalisation strategy aims to boost agricultural labour productivity, reduce the urban–rural income disparity, and promote the equalisation of basic public services, thereby accelerating the modernisation of agriculture and rural areas. This paper puts forward five indicators to evaluate the progress of implementing the rural revitalisation strategy. The indicators, though simple, underscore the key issues in promoting rural revitalisation in China. This paper also suggests that the rural revitalisation policy should aim to improve the quality of life of the rural population and promote the equalisation of basic public services rather than to reverse the population flow brought by industrialisation and urbanisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the relationship between the Chinese government and domestic think tanks. Chinese think tanks in the cultural sector have a strong demand-side orientation; that is, they closely follow the instructions of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) in their stand on culture-related policies. Since 2018, the CCP has strengthened its control over the propaganda and cultural affairs, using think tanks to this end. Think tanks act as dual agents, maximizing the benefits offered by their two principals – the party government and private businesses, while prioritizing the former. The paper examines the development of the Putuo Island Park in Zhejiang Province and the Cultural Industry Research Institute, the key cultural industry think tank in this province. While upholding Xi Jinping's aspiration of developing China into a "cultural great power," cultural think tanks' main function is to endorse government policies and guide businesses to support those policies when necessary. The CCP under Xi has intensified its manipulation of think tanks to reinforce its control over ideology and the socialist market economy, resulting in a more complex relationship between the state and think tanks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the curtailment of constitutional rights arising from the implementation of emergency measures due to the COVID-19 pandemic in China's Hubei Province, which was not at all counterbalanced by introducing new forms of due constitutional protection. Likewise, high expectations cannot be set on pre-existing means of constitutional safeguards since the Chinese government clearly refused to establish new or different safeguarding procedures nor did it deem it necessary to establish ad hoc courts in order to tackle the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper is laid out as follows: (1) fundamental rights in a contemporary socialist state: an overview; (2) containment measures against COVID-19 and flexibility of constitutional right;. (3) the centrality of governing bodies and restrictions of constitutional rights; (4) territorial governance and centralization of containment measures against COVID-19; (5) between soft law and totalitarian propaganda; and (6) the ubiquity of the Communist Party of China and the "alignment" of judicial functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines Shanghai's grassroots COVID-19 management as a lens to explore the role of local Chinese Communist Party (CCP) organisations in public policy implementation in China. We bring together literature on the Party-state relationship with literature on 'routine' and 'mobilizational' governance to construct a framework that conceptualises the CCP as the central actor in implementing public policy through campaigns. We distinguish 9 governance techniques deployed by the CCP in grassroots COVID management, which we illustrate with evidence from 37 semi-structured interviews conducted in summer 2021 with secretaries and directors from local Residents' Committees, government officials mobilised to assist with pandemic management, representatives from property management companies and Party-Mass Service Centres, as well as volunteers and residents. We demonstrate that, although Party-led policy implementation elicits comprehensive compliance, it places significant pressure on the system of grassroots governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Quarterly is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A thriving cottage industry has long tried to predict the selection outcomes of the Chinese leadership using qualitative judgments based on historical trends and elite interviews. This study contributes to the discourse by adopting machine-learning techniques to quantitatively and systematically evaluate the promotion prospects of Chinese high-ranking officials. By incorporating over 250 individual features of approximately 20,000 high-ranking positions from 1982 to 2020, this paper calculated predicted probabilities of promotion for the 19th Politburo members of the Communist Party of China. The rankings of the promotion probabilities can be used not only to identify candidates who would have traditionally advanced within the party's promotion norms but also to gauge Xi Jinping's personal favoritism toward specific individuals. Based on different specifications for positions and periods, we developed measurements to quantify candidates' levels of perceived loyalty and promotion eligibility. The empirical results demonstrated that the newly formed 20th Politburo Standing Committee was predominantly composed of loyalists who would not have risen to such positions under conventional promotion standards. We further found that, even within his circle of known allies, Xi Jinping did not opt for candidates with strong credentials. The findings of this study underscore the increasing emphasis on loyalty and the diminishing role of institutional norms in China's high-ranking selections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addressed Sha Fei's unpublished photographs from China during World War II in three dimensions: image, symbol, and index. The intrinsic meanings of these images depend upon the historical context and historical relations between the images and historical scenes they represented. Here lies significance of the index function of Sha Fei's photographs, which is to direct historians' attention, inspire intensive research for other archival sources or textual evidence and drive researchers to discuss broader questions about Communist war mobilization and political growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chinese modernization has gradually become a global "hot topic" in the 2020s, but in terms of the theoretical construction and practical exploration of the modernization of ethnic minorities' residential areas of China, there are still many problems to be "cold thinking". As a concentrated area of ethnic minorities in China, Qiandongnan Prefecture has a unique natural ecological environment, diverse ethnic subjects, and diverse cultural types. Therefore, its modernization development path is obviously different from that of other regions. It is found that its modernization is characterized by a low degree of urbanization and industrialization, harmonious coexistence of multi-ethnic groups, large differences in the development level of various internal regions, coexistence of modernization commonness and local characteristics. Additionally, it faces many challenges, such as low urbanization rate of population, lack of resilience of economic development and large income gap between urban and rural residents. In the process of future modernization, not only adhere to the leadership of the Communist Party of China but also adhere to the concept that clear waters and green mountains are as good as mountains of gold and silver and the developmental ideas of people centered. In addition to strengthen policy input, urban and rural border planning, and the transformation of superior resources and to promote the high-quality development of China's ethnic minorities areas. This paper is an attempt to investigate the challenges and response of modernization in Guizhou province with a valuable able suggestion to improve the infrastructure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines foreign involvement in Hong Kong's 2019–20 protests. It focuses on the Chinese Communist Party's (CCP) and local supporters' accusations that foreign 'black hands' fomented chaos on the streets of the city. The paper argues that these accusations are partly a consequence of actual external involvement in the tumult. However, this factor alone does not explain Beijing's advocacy of the 'black hands' thesis. The CCP's perceptions of the role of foreign forces in the social unrest have also been shaped by mirror imaging in the context of Hong Kong's Cold War history as an intelligence and covert action frontline, as well as the city's contemporary socio-political attributes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to analyze the most important aspects of the ideological relations between the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) in the face of the 20th Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC). The Policy Brief is divided into four parts: Reactions of the Workers' Party of Korea to the 20th Congress of the Communist Party CPC; Mention of Korea during the 20th CPC Congress; The role of CPC in People's Republic of China according to WKP and the Significance of Sino-North Korean ideological relations after 20th Congress of the CPC. The methodology included media and literature review, which were collected through Korean Central News Agency, Rodong Sinmun and documents of the 20th Congress of the CPC. This study makes evident the importance of ideological relations between China and North Korea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses a new definition of "Chinese characteristics" in recent propaganda works in the People's Republic of China (PRC). The definition associates the expression with ancient Chinese civilization and traditional Chinese thought. As the new definition is gaining currency in state propaganda, some scholars interpret it as a signal that the Chinese Communist Party is ready for reconciliation with Confucianism or an experiment to replace, at least partially, Marxism with Confucianism as the state ideology. Some Confucian scholars thus try to formulate an account of Confucianism that could negotiate power with Marxism. This phenomenon shows that the practice of state ideology and propaganda in the PRC sometimes does not aim to shape people's beliefs or value systems. Instead, it aims to channel the intellectual efforts of the educated toward memorizing the official interpretations of the settled state ideology or decoding new propaganda messages. The function of new propaganda messages resembles "calls for papers": they invite academics to participate in building theoretical grounds for new formulations (such as mottos or slogans) or making policy suggestions that resonate with the formulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The starting point of this paper is an outline of the Chinese perspective on the status of the death penalty in international law. According to Article 1 of the Chinese Constitution of 4 December 1982 (revised 2018), the People's Republic of China is led by the Chinese Communist Party and guided by Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought and the contributions of other Chinese leaders. Therefore, in the second part of the contribution the relationship between Sino-Marxist ideology and the death penalty is discussed. The third part is dedicated to the death penalty in Chinese legal history. The topic of the fourth part is the death penalty under the PRC's law. In the fifth part, a few aspects of the death penalty considered negative by legal scholars in the PRC are discussed. Finally, it is noted that the death penalty has been abolished in certain regions of the PRC. Not all the nuances and details concerning the death penalty in the PRC could be discussed here, with some simplification proving inevitable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past few decades of rapid development, China has always attached great importance to the redevelopment of rural areas. Since the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the rural revitalization strategy proposed at the meeting has always received extensive attention. In 2019, the Chinese central government released a document on its rural revitalization strategy. In the document, Guizhou Province was listed as a key area to receive focus on pursuing rural revitalization. Meanwhile, the Guizhou government also formulated The Implementation Opinions on the People's Government of Guizhou Province's Rural Revitalization Strategy. The aim of this paper is to try to establish a model according to the rural revitalization strategy proposed by the Guizhou government and extracts the main influencing factors from its analysis. Through the analysis of the data collected during the process of the rural revitalization, the paper undertakes a deep analysis of the evaluation and studies an optimized approach to the revitalization to provide a referenced review for other villages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Society: Chinese Journal of Sociology / Shehui is the property of Society: Chinese Journal of Sociology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Smart Rail Transit is the property of Smart Rail Transit Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The case study of how to govern the boat people can be a typical case on understanding how a nation-state can govern a mobile population. This paper is mainly focusing on how the nation-state’s power penetrated into waterside society. After the People's Republic of China was newly established, Guangzhou Port was flooded with many scattered and poorly managed civilian ships. The Chinese Communist Party and government adopted the Qing management of registering both boat and the owner’s information, aiming at controlling the total supplement and the need, to meet the government’s distribution policy. Due to the mobility of the transportation, the residence information of the boat people could be different from the berth port. The situation gradually changed in the middle 1950s, the place of residence and berth port gradually registered the same. Based on the system of controlling ships and ports, the government had established transportation cooperatives to build transportation management systems. To prevent boat people from leaving the port randomly, the shipping management department further implemented zoning management and redefined the navigation area. This article argues that the Chinese government can reform water transport market structure and invent the system of transport management to complete the construction of state power on waterside society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Following the widely observed 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) in the fall of 2022, observers brought to public attention the replacement of quite a few previously hopeful candidates for top positions in the CPC with ones that were not comparable in seniority and age but had all been colleagues of Xi Jinping before Xi became the top leader of China. Such an unexpected precedent-breaking arrangement was also seen in the selection of members of the new Central Military Commission (CMC). China still advocates the decades-old tenet that the Party commands the gun yet without forgetting at the same time the equally long-lasting principle that political power grows out of the barrel of a gun. Therefore, control over the military is essential to the consolidation of political power. That is where the pivotal role of the CMC comes into play. What are the strategic implications of the new line-up of the CMC after the 20th CPC National Congress? To the surprise of quite a few observers, Zhang Youxia retained his position as one of the two vice chairmen of the commission. The other vice chairman is He Weidong, a new addition to the CMC. The other two new members of the seven-person CMC, including President Xi, who serves concurrently as chairman of the commission, are Liu Zhenli, who is the Chief of the CMC Joint Staff Department, and Li Shangfu, the new defense minister. The other two members, including Miao Hua and Zhang Shengmin, have been on the commission since the 19th CPC National Congress. What are the considerations behind the reshuffle in China's top military decision-making and command body? All these questions are to be dealt with in this paper. The generals and admirals mentioned above shall be the subjects of analysis. Their backgrounds and specialties may be the reason why they were chosen for their positions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the paradoxical impact of political legitimacy by exploring the relationship between legitimacy due to political inclusion by the state and subsequent strategic actions by entrepreneurs in both domestic and global contexts in a transition economy. We argue that political legitimacy conferred by the state affects a firm's strategies in different ways because it is associated with both benefits and constraints. Using a unique dataset of more than six thousand privately owned enterprises in China, we demonstrate that after an institutional change that permitted the inclusion of entrepreneurs into an elite political system (the Communist Party of China) in 2001, private firms became more motivated to invest in their domestic production but less incentivized to form international cooperation strategies. We further find that the impact of the legitimacy from political inclusion on domestic production was less pronounced for firms in places where the market economy was more established and when entrepreneurs are female. For entrepreneurs with past work experiences in the government or in state-owned enterprises, the negative impact of political inclusion on global cooperation was strengthened. These findings have important implications for research on legitimacy, entrepreneurship, and business strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Population Resources & Environment is the property of Shandong Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Common prosperity in rural areas is integral to achieving common prosperity. This paper makes an in-depth analysis of Jiangsu and Zhejiang rural demonstration projects from a state-society interaction perspective. Pathway analysis is based on the framework of "high-level promotion-endogenous development" linked by the advancement of the building of the Communist Party of China and the Party's leading role: high-level promotion, through multi-level responsibilization, ensures policy implementation, while endogenous development, driven by endogenous breakthroughs and economies of scale brought about by industrial integration, generates explosive dynamics through common interest bonding. By linking high-level promotion with endogenous development, the advancement of Party building and the Party's leading role ensure benign interaction between state and society. The combined efforts of state and society creates a "common prosperity effect," effectively solving the thorny problem of "weak society" in the welfare system of developing countries and that of the "welfare trap" in the welfare system of welfare states. This, in a sense, enables China to embark on the road to rural common prosperity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of External Economic Bulletin / Külgazdaság is the property of KOPINT Konjunktura Kutatasi Alapitvany and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper examines the shifting boundaries in populist discourses in China, with a focus on how the political leader's discourse socially constructs the people. By combining critical and post-structuralist discourse analysis, we argue firstly that prevalent Western-centric approaches to the study of populism only partially capture the notion of the people in contemporary China, the study of which requires a mixture of elements from these approaches. Secondly, that the image of a Chinese people embracing the Chinese Dream and the promise for a New China, is narrated in a context where the Chinese Communist Party infuses all levels of society with messages of development, prosperity, peace and freedom. And thirdly, that while previous leaders would normally address the people in a formal and detached way, the distance between leadership and the people has been reduced in the Xi Jinping era. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although existing scholarship is paying increasing attention to leftist cinema in Cold War Hong Kong, few works fully examine the Chinese Communist Party's (CCP's) revolutionary filmmaking practices during the early Cold War. Centering on the short-lived leftist studio South China Film Company (1949–1952), this paper argues that the studio's development epitomized the CCP's efforts to transform cinematic representation for multiple revolutionary purposes and strengthen the Party's mobilization of filmmaking communities, which were eventually crushed by escalating conflicts between colonial authorities and the CCP. The films produced by South China Film Company exemplified the CCP's ambitions to appeal to a Cantonese-speaking local audience and later, to carry out more radical ideological campaigns, influence overseas Chinese in Southeast Asia, and conduct thought reform of intellectuals. Film production was accompanied by mobilization of leftist filmmakers. The ideological message and mobilization led to a crackdown by colonial authorities and further drove the CCP to adopt a more implicit approach to launching ideological campaigns. This paper revises the history of South China Film Company and unsettles the existing historiography of Hong Kong leftist cinema that centers mainly on moderation and balance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper examines the geopolitics of the Falun Gong (FLG) and how its practices challenge the legitimacy of the Chinese Communist Party's (CCP) authority within the Chinese state. Drawing upon Laclau and Mouffe's concept of discourse, I analyse the FLG's scriptures in order to understand how its millennial ideas of 'telling-truth/saving-life' and 'reviving five thousand years of civilization' have developed since the People's Republic of China's (PRC) ban and crackdown on the FLG since 1999. Based on the FLG's resources and my fieldwork data, this paper also demonstrates how the concepts of 'telling-truth/saving-life' were practised and coordinated globally. This paper presents the dynamic relationship between spirituality and geopolitics. It demonstrates how politics are spiritually interpreted and how critical spiritual discourses are converted to geopolitical practices that challenge the authority of an atheist state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Organization Department of the Communist Party of China (CPC) announced the Opinions on Further Regulation on Party and Political Leaders and Cadres Working Part-Time (Holding Offices) in Enterprises to force the resignation of government officials holding the position of independent director in listed companies (GID). This paper empirically examines the impact of the GID resignation on firm performance using a difference-in-differences (DID) model, which is an exogenous event with a "natural experiment." The study finds that after the promulgation of the Opinions , firms that lose some of their political resources and their corporate performance decreases significantly compared to firms that do not experience GID resignations. A good external governance environment, while somewhat weakening, is not sufficient to offset the negative impact of the loss of political resources on firm performance. This paper further explores the mechanism by which the GID resignation affects firm performance: one important way in which the resignation of GIDs cause the loss of political resources on which the firm's development depends is that the loss of the firm's tax benefits after GID resignation directly leads to a decline in performance; it also leads to a reduction in the firm's financial subsidy income and a reduction in the amount of bank loans, but both of these do not have a significant effect on the decline in firm performance. The study suggests that GIDs play more of a resource-providing "official" role than an "independent director's" supervisory and advisory role in Chinese listed companies. The findings of this paper reveal the phenomenon of "Political-Business Spin" in China, which has some implications for developing countries, represented by China, to improve the independence of the board of directors and the corporate governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the changes and continuities in TV representations of Chinese Communist Party's revolutionary history and interprets them within the broader context of China's political, economic and cultural transformations since the 1990s. Drawing on a comparative analysis of three state-sponsored TV dramas produced between the late 1990s and mid-2010s, it traces how the state-sanctioned revolutionary narratives have changed over time in response to the Party's propaganda imperatives on the one hand, and to the market-oriented production environment on the other. The paper argues that while recent TV productions in the new century have made increasing concessions to audience taste by adopting visually stimulating depictions and introducing fictional characters as points of identification for the audience, the revolutionary narratives were still aligned with the Party's propaganda agenda at different times. This shows the ongoing competition between ideological and commercial interests in Chinese TV production during the era of market reforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]