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As the EU strives to achieve its climate goals, it is becoming increasingly crucial to understand the complex relationships between economic activity, energy consumption, and carbon emissions. In this context, our paper aims to investigate the correlation between carbon emissions, energy consumption, and economic development. To fulfill our aim, we have used Eurostat and OECD data for the EU-27 member states for a period of 13 years (2010–2022), using a linear regression as the main analysis method. Our results have shown that there is a strong correlation between demand-based and production-based CO2 emissions as well as between production-based CO2 emissions and final energy consumption, while at the same time, our findings have shown that there is no direct correlation between energy consumption and economic development, aligning our study with the neutrality hypothesis of the energy growth nexus. This paper expands the ongoing discussion on sustainable development and climate change mitigation by conducting a thorough analysis of the EU-27 countries over a span of thirteen years. The results emphasize the need for integrated strategies that address both production and consumption emissions, emphasize the vital role of energy efficiency, and raise questions about the effectiveness of increasing energy consumption to enhance economic productivity or CO2 efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of the article is to elucidate the multifaceted nature of the carbon dioxide emissions dilemma and underscore the urgent need for concerted action to mitigate their adverse effects. Design/methodology/approach: This paper elucidates the methodology of footprint research, outlining its key components, approaches and principles. It encompasses a multidisciplinary approach, drawing on various methodologies and tools to explore alternative futures and identify strategic opportunities. Combining multiple methods has provided a more complete and detailed understanding of complex interactions. Findings: This study aims to analyse the main indicators of the impact of the ecological footprint on the state of the environment, to determine their dynamics over time, to assess the prospects of the negative impact of humanity on nature. Emissions of greenhouse gases are of particular importance in this analysis. Research limitations/implications: Ultimately, the goal is to inspire action and advocacy for policies and practices that prioritize environmental stewardship, social equity and resilience in the face of climate change. The implications of this study underscore the importance of stakeholder engagement and adaptive management for effective integration. Originality/value: The footprint of carbon dioxide emissions encompasses a broad spectrum of impacts, spanning environmental, economic, and social dimensions. At its core, the rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels, largely attributed to human activities such as the combustion of fossil fuels and widespread deforestation, triggers a cascade of consequences with farreaching implications. These results could be especially interesting for researchers whose studies are interdisciplinary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of China's rapidly growing digital economy, exploring the potential to reduce carbon emissions from the perspective of enterprise digitization is of vital practical significance for achieving ambitious "carbon peak" and "carbon neutrality" goals. This paper uses data from Ashare listed companies as a sample pool spanning the years 2014–2020 and finds that a nonlinear, inverted U-shaped relationship exists between enterprise digital transformation and carbon emissions. We further construct several robustness tests and show that the effect remains significant after accounting for the endogeneity issue using IV regressions. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that the effect of digital transformation on carbon emissions is influenced by the regional economic development level and the ownership structure of enterprises. Notably, in non-stateowned enterprises and economically advanced regions, the influence of digital transformation on carbon emissions becomes more pronounced. This paper provides explicit policy implications. It is suggested that enterprises accelerate their digital transformation by integrating smart device development into their production and operations and government should give support to digital transformation to facilitate industrial upgrading, and further promote China's pursuit of highquality and sustainable economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the sustainable efficiency of container terminals (CTs). By the definition of United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), business sustainable development includes three domains: Economics, Environment, and Society. Accordingly, based on the definition and the practical features of CT operations, this paper assesses sustainable efficiency for CTs from three perspectives: container throughput, CO2 emissions, and occupational safety. In this paper, a modality movement and a fuzzy grey relational analysis (GRA) approach are first proposed to estimate CO2 emissions and occupational safety index for CT operators, respectively. A hybrid slacks‐based measure (SBM)‐DEA model is then developed to assess the sustainable efficiency of CT operators. Finally, the CT operators in the Port of Kaohsiung are empirically investigated to validate the research model. Based on the results, theoretical and practical implications for the management of CT operators and port authorities are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a noteworthy initiative of financial supply-side reform to precisely support the green development system, can green finance (GF) help achieve the dual goals of "carbon peaking" and "carbon neutrality"? Using data from China's provincial panel between 2007 and 2019, this paper measured the green finance index by the entropy method and the carbon emission efficiency (CEE) with carbon emission as the non-desired output by the Super-SBM model. Then, the influence of GF on CEE was empirically investigated by the dynamic panel model and the spatial Durbin model. The findings show that GF can significantly improve CEE and has a positive spillover impact on CEE in provinces with close economic ties; the upgrading of the industrial structure is a key mediator in the transmission of GF to CEE; and regional heterogeneity analysis finds that GF notably improves CEE in eastern, high development levels of economic and GF regions. The research can offer some theoretical and empirical references for green finance to contribute to low-carbon economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of China Population Resources & Environment is the property of Shandong Normal University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Previous studies have done more research on the relationship between carbon emission reduction, energy consumption, and economic growth in specific countries or regions, which rarely consider the issue of heterogeneity between countries or regions, and also lack the refinement of energy consumption categories. Using panel data from 2000 to 2017, this paper divided the top 28 global carbon emission countries into developed countries and developing countries, and explores co-integration and causality between renewable energy consumption, non-renewable energy consumption, economic growth, and carbon emission. Results suggested that there is a two-way causal relationship between carbon emissions and economic growth in all economies. There is a two-way causal relationship between economic growth in developed countries and consumption of renewable and non-renewable energy, while there is no significant relationship between economic growth and energy consumption in developing countries. There is a two-way causal relationship between carbon emissions and renewable energy in all economies, but there are significant differences; there is a two-way causal relationship between carbon emissions in developed countries and non-renewable energy, and only one-way causality exists in developing countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How to improve carbon emission efficiency (CEE) to achieve sustainable economic development has triggered contemplation among society and policy-makers. Previous studies have confirmed that e-commerce development can reduce local carbon emissions, but the impact of e-commerce development on CEE is unclear. This paper investigates the impact of e-commerce development on CEE and its spatial spillover effect using Chinese city-level panel data, taking the National E-commerce Demonstration City (NEDC) policy as a quasi-natural experiment. Results show that the NEDC policy significantly improves local CEE by promoting industrial structure upgrading, green technology innovation, and improving energy efficiency. The influence is more pronounced in regions with inadequate information infrastructure, unfavorable business environment, and limited marketization. However, the NEDC policy has a negative spatial spillover effect, reducing surrounding cities' CEE. The findings unveil the complicated impact of e-commerce development on CEE and offer policy implications for improving inter-regional carbon reduction synergy and low-carbon economic transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Balancing sustainable economic growth and environmental protection in developing countries is an important way to mitigate climate change. Based on panel data from nine provinces along the Silk Road Economic Belt between 2004 and 2021, this paper takes Chongqing, a pilot city for carbon trading rights, as the experimental group and the remaining eight provinces as the control group; we mainly analyze the impact of the carbon emissions trading policy on Chongqing's carbon emissions and economic development after its implementation in 2013 using the difference-in-differences method (DID) and propensity score matching difference-in-differences method (PSM-DID). Then we use the synthetic control method (SCM) to test its robustness. The results showed that while maintaining the economic development speed, carbon trading helps to reduce carbon emissions. In addition, we also found that the economic activity effect and the energy intensity effect are the mediating effects of the carbon emissions reduction. Finally, taking the policy effect of the carbon emissions trading in Chongqing as a reference, this article confirmed the importance of aligning the carbon trading pathway with targeted green policies from the government. The government should drive the establishment of a regional carbon market in the nine provinces along the Silk Road Economic Belt, which could help to achieve sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The role of financial inclusion along with environment related technological innovation has been ignored by previous studies, especially, in terms of tradeadjusted carbon emissions. Unlike previous studies, this study aims to test the role of financial inclusion and eco-innovation on trade-adjusted carbon emissions or consumption-based carbon emissions for a group of seven economies over the period 2004-2019. Further, this study also tests the role of exports, imports and gross domestic product. We develop an index using principal component analysis to measure financial inclusion. The study utilizes the novel method of moment quantile regression to obtain the results. The results indicate that eco-innovation reduces consumption-based carbon emissions at 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th quantiles, respectively. Moreover, financial inclusion and exports also reduce emissions at 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th quantiles. In contrast, gross domestic product and imports cause trade-adjusted emissions to increase. Moreover, a bidirectional link is established between all variables except for financial inclusion. Finally, this study provides relevant policy implications for trade, eco-innovation, and financial inclusion in the group of seven economies for sustainable trade development. This paper further provide relevant environmental policy implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On the path to carbon neutrality, the journey to net‐zero emissions in the industry is achievable, and the green development of industrial parks is crucial for a smooth transition. We examined a sample of 171 green industrial parks certified by China's Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT). Using the Tapio decoupling model, we conducted decoupling analyses at both the national and regional scales of their economic growth and environmental conservation for three consecutive years. Spatial heterogeneity is found in carbon‐economy decoupling states and carbon‐pollutant synergy effects. Industrial parks in the east of China present better carbon‐economy decoupling states and carbon‐pollutant synergy effects than the other regions. The CO2 emissions determinants were explored by using the STIRPAT model. The variable industrial value‐added per capita, which is representative of economic growth, presents a positive and significant effect on emissions; the energy output and the proportion of high‐tech industries present a negative effect. However, after dividing the parks into groups by their leading industries, the influence of the variables started to show a power discrepancy. The heterogeneity analysis of this study can provide a basis for developing diversified strategies for Chinese industrial parks under the net‐zero emission goal. Plain Language Summary: This paper evaluated the economic development and environmental impacts of the 171 green industrial parks certified by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) of China, using data and materials that were inventoried and summarized for the first time. The relationship of economic growth and CO2 emissions and other major pollutants was examined using the Tapio decoupling model, and the results suggest strong decoupling states for most of the cases, and a significant carbon‐pollution synergy effect. Further regression analysis indicated that industrial output and green and high‐tech industries are significant drivers of decoupling. The discoveries will guide future actions and policies toward sustainable development for the industrial parks of China. Key Points: Economic growth and environmental impacts are strongly decoupled for most of the studied green industrial parksA significant carbon‐pollution synergy effect is found in the green industrial parksIndustrial output and green and high‐tech industries are significant drivers of CO2 emissions but show discrepancy in different industries [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A comprehensive assessment of energy use, environmental degradation, and economic progress can play a significant role in transition towards low-carbon economy, and it can serve as a reference for the green economic development for the rest of the developing world. The objective of this paper is to empirically investigate the current status of conventional and renewable energy use and environmental degradation. Following this, we have analyzed the decoupling relation among environmental degradation, energy use, and economic progress in Pakistan. The study adopted the comprehensive data from year 1972–2017 and applied Tapio decoupling method to explore the decoupling status of environmental degradation, energy use, and economic progress in Pakistan. The key finding from the study shows that the overall value of carbon emissions in Pakistan is relatively increasing with the passage of time and shows about 5.26% average growth rate which is creating severe environmental degradation. There were observed several fluctuations in the trend of carbon emissions which is basically due to the policy changes in the country. From the decoupling point of view, we found the decoupling linkage between energy use and carbon emissions that is growth negative decoupling, whereas a weak decoupling relation has been observed among carbon emissions and economic progress which means that in most of the year's county has achieved more economic growth compared with the carbon emissions. In addition, the similar weak decoupling relationship was found among energy use and economic progress. In the light of these findings, it is suggested to policymakers to promote technological advancement and alternate energy that will not only improve environmental quality, but it will also promote a low-carbon economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Developing countries have encountered the issues of economic development and reducing pollution that need to be resolved to achieve sustainable development. However, this topic has not been widely explored. Since obtaining sustainable economic development is a priority, the nexus between foreign direct investment (FDI), trade openness (TO), final energy consumption (FEC), capital (K), income, and pollution (carbon emission) has been investigated in this paper. The research questions deal with the existence of the long-run, short-run and causality relationship between the selected variables. The paper aims to investigate these relations in Serbia during 1995-2018 by applying the autoregressive distributed lag model as the most commonly used and suitable co-integration model. The results present that FDI and TO will increase gross domestic product (GDP), while pollution will decrease it in the long-run. The existence of a short-run causality from FDI and TO to GDP is confirmed. The Granger causality test reveals that FDI has a unidirectional relationship to GDP, carbon emission, TO, and FEC. Furthermore, GDP, carbon emission and FEC have a unidirectional relation to TO. These results indicate that policies should combine FDI promotion and TO, with supervision of FDI effects on carbon emission to obtain sustainable economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current energy structure of most economies must be upgraded to a renewable energy source (RES) to help mitigate ecological dilapidation and achieve sustainable development goals. The transition to RES has recently received attention from energy experts, international bodies and environmental scientists. However, there is contrasting evidence on what factors affect the evolution and deployment of RES, especially from the perspective of emerging African economies. Hence, the current analysis sought to explore the influence of economic development (ECD), carbon emission (CEM), human capital (HUC), financial development (FID), and the country's risk factors, such as political risk (POR) and institutional quality (INQ) on the development of RES. The research employed a panel dataset from 1990 to 2020 and used the newest estimation approach of Cross-Sectional Augmented autoregressive Distributed Lag (CS-ARDL) to establish the long-run connection among the variables. The study confirmed the prevalence of the "energy-led ECD hypothesis". In addition, the empirical findings indicated that RES deployment could be facilitated through ECD, CEM, FID and HUC. Moreover, the country's risk factors, which include POR and INQ, had an inverse connection with the deployment of RES. Lastly, there is a unidirectional causality between CEM, FID, HUC, INQ and RES, while a directional causality exists between ECD, POR and RES. The paper highlights a variety of policy angles to help with the expansion of RES in emerging regions. • The study confirmed the prevalence of the "energy-led ECD hypothesis. • RES deployment could be facilitated through ECD, CEM, FID and HUC. • POR and INQ, had an inverse connection with the deployment of RES. • A directional causality exists between ECD, POR and RES. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Income inequality affects not only social well-being, health, and carbon emissions but also the strategy for green development in China. Based on the panel data of 205 cities in China from 2010 to 2020, a panel model with partial linear functional coefficient is used to analyze and test the relationship between income inequality, carbon emissions, and green development efficiency under different regional economic development levels. The empirical results show that the impact of income inequality on carbon emissions and green development efficiency is significant. The worsening of income inequality could aggravate carbon emissions, but the effect of income inequality on carbon emissions shows an increase–decrease-flattening with the continuous improvement of regional economic development. In terms of affecting the green development efficiency, the effect of income inequality on the efficiency of green development presents an inverted U shape. However, the number of cities where income inequality has an inhibitory effect on carbon emissions and green development efficiency has increased over time, and the impact of income inequality in a few cities on green development efficiency is not significant. These findings provide new insights into the understanding of shared prosperity and the strategy of carbon peaking and carbon neutralization in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of the digital economy, its environmental impact, particularly on carbon dioxide emissions in resource-based cities, has emerged as a vital research topic. Resource-based cities, often central to traditional industries, are confronted with the dual challenges of environmental pollution and economic transformation. This study employs empirical analysis to examine the influence of the digital economy on carbon dioxide emissions in these cities. The findings reveal that the digital economy significantly reduces carbon dioxide emissions, with this impact being more pronounced in the early stages of digital economic development and gradually diminishing thereafter. In the mechanism analysis, we found that the digital economy can reduce carbon dioxide emissions in resource-based cities by raising public concern about the environment. Moreover, the study highlights significant variations in carbon reduction effects among different types of resource-based cities, noting that stronger environmental regulations further enhance these effects. These insights not only provide a new theoretical perspective but also offer practical guidance for policymakers in promoting sustainable development within the digital economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The carbon emission trading system (CETS) is a milestone policy in the history of China's emission trading system, which is of great significance to China's realization of "carbon peak and carbon neutralization". As an important component of sustainable development, LUT should be related to the CETS. However, in the literature on the CETS, little material deals with its impact on land use transition (LUT). This paper will enrich this literature. Based on 30 provincial regions in China from 2011 to 2017, using the DID and entropy methods, this study investigated the impact of CETS on the trend of LUT from three perspectives: economic effects, environmental effects and Porter effects. The conclusions are that (1) the implementation of the CETS hindered economic development, but optimized energy-use efficiency; (2) the implementation of the CETS reduced the emissions of CO2 and SO2; (3) the implementation of the CETS did not produce a Porter effect; and (4) the influence of the CETS had the characteristics of a spatial cluster. These findings offer some guidance for improving CETS policies and formulating similar environmental regulation policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The EU has committed to make Europe the first climate-neutral continent by 2050. Reaching this objective requires massive changes in the region. The biggest challenge is that the green transition happens without sacrificing economic progress and guaranteeing justice and inclusiveness. This pledge implies that every country be capable of addressing the trade-offs between targets while remaining committed towards the common decarbonisation goal. Our paper analyses the success with which countries are carrying out the energy transition. We propose an enhanced hyperbolic distance function and a stochastic frontier analysis approach to model the joint attainment of economic development, environmental sustainability, and energy equity. We apply our model to an unbalanced panel dataset of 29 European countries for the period 2005–2018. Our estimates show that the average performance of the economies has improved over time. The results also highlight the pivotal role of a sustainable economic development with clean energies for both slashing CO 2 emissions and fostering energy equity. Moreover, we find convergence in countries' performance, being this convergence slightly higher for the EU-15 countries compared to the rest. Finally, we show that a higher share of renewable energy sources helps countries that are lagging behind to reach their optimal performance level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Allocation of carbon emission quotas is a primary part for carbon trading market to mitigate carbon emission, and there is no unified carbon emission allocation scheme in China at provincial level now. The researches on allocation of carbon emission quotas ignored the difference among the efficiency values of effective provinces, and few researches considered the reduction potentiality. This paper aimed at proposing a carbon emission quota allocation scheme in China in 2030 based on entropy method, the Super-SBM (super-slack-based measure) model and ZSG-DEA (zero sum gains DEA) model. Different from the existing researches, Super-SBM model can help effectively distinguish every efficiency value, making the allocation results more exact and efficient. And considering reduction potentiality calculated by ZSG-DEA model, the allocation results could be more feasible. The result shows that: (1) The carbon emission quota allocation scheme is tested to be feasible with validity and fairness. Economic development level and carbon emission efficiency are the main contributors to carbon emission quota allocation, consisting with China's current policy orientation of vigorously promoting the development of green ecological economy. (2) The carbon emission quotas decrease gradually from the southeast coastal area to the northwest area. Guangdong, Jiangsu, Shandong and Zhejiang obtain the highest carbon emission quotas, while Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia and Xinjiang experience the lowest carbon emission quotas. (3) Carbon emission quota surplus is witnessed in 15 of the 30 provinces including Beijing, Guangdong, Shanghai, etc. Hebei, Jilin, Gansu and Heilongjiang take the larger pressure of carbon emission reduction. The different reasons for carbon emission quota surplus and carbon emission reduction pressure suggest that common but differentiated strategies should be provided in front of carbon emission quota allocation and reduction pressure and regional coordinated development should be promoted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today's world, where economic development and environmental sustainability are becoming increasingly important aspects of national strategy, attention to the impact of different economic sectors on climate change is becoming an integral part of scientific research. This article focuses on analyzing the impact of primary and secondary economic sectors development on carbon dioxide (CO 2) emissions at the sub-national level in Russia from 2005 to 2019. The aim of the study is to provide an in-depth understanding of the relationships between the dynamics of these sectors and CO 2 emission levels in different regions of the country. Weighted regression and panel data methods were applied to better identify the patterns of the impact. The results show that the size of population and electricity consumption have the highest impact on CO 2 emissions. So that, the expansion of nuclear and gas generation capacity, as well as significant improvement of energy efficiency, are of crucial importance to reduce the emissions. Other sectors have a heterogeneous impact and requires more differential approaches, considering the specifics of regions. Taking into account the significant differences between the Russian constituent entities, this paper emphasizes the low informativeness of assessments at the national level and their inadequacy in terms of improving the efficiency of domestic management, including decarbonization policies. • The impact of considered economic sectors on CO 2 emissions were analyzed in 80 Russian constituent entities in 2005–2019. • Weighted regression and panel data methods were used to catch the specifics of Federal districts and constituent entities. • Population size and electricity consumption have the highest impact on CO 2 emissions. • Increasing energy efficiency and modernization of energy facilities are the most promising solutions to reduce the emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Partitioning the contributions of climate, economic growth, and policy to a region's carbon flows is an important process for the Chinese government seeking to optimize their regional development policies to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060. A combination of the carbon emission analysis and human appropriation of net primary production (HANPP) framework was applied to a village in the Lhasa river valley, Tibet, to quantify the contributions of these different factors to carbon flows and neutrality. From 2010 to 2019, the average annual net sequestration of CO2 was 374.9 g CO2 m−2 a−1. Changes in climate conditions and the regional policy of Grassland Ecological Protection Subsidy and Reward increased carbon sequestrations by 409.5 and 25.7 g CO2 m−2 a−1, respectively. Socioeconomic development, policies for reducing poverty, and promotion of forage production led to the increase in CO2 emissions by 103.5, 88.8, and 4.3 g CO2 m−2 a−1, respectively. The cumulative CO2 emissions (including HANPP) caused by land use were 298.92 Tg CO2 (2479.63 g CO2 m−2; 1 Tg = 1012 g), while the cumulative CO2 emissions due to energy use were only 11.22 Tg CO2 (93.07 g CO2 m−2), equal to 3.75% of the CO2 emissions driven by land use. Livestock grazing and cropland cultivation were the two main land use factors affecting the carbon balance. We argue that unhooking economic growth from traditional nomadic animal husbandry and lifestyles through policy optimizations would highly contribute the carbon neutrality in Tibet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article, published in the International Journal of Economics & Management, explores the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on CO2 emissions in different countries. The study finds that FDI affects emissions differently depending on a country's income level. Higher-income countries tend to see a decrease in emissions due to the adoption of greener technologies through FDI, while lower-income countries may experience an increase in emissions due to less efficient technologies or imported dirty industries. The study also emphasizes the importance of institutional quality in enforcing environmental laws and promoting compliance. The document is a list of references to academic articles and studies that examine the relationships between FDI, economic growth, environmental quality, and energy consumption in various countries and regions. [Extracted from the article]

Background: China's high-quality economic development depends on achieving sustainable economic development, reaching peak carbon emissions, achieving carbon neutrality, and intensifying the development of an industrial and energy structure that saves resources and protects the environment. This study used the data envelopment analysis (DEA) model and the Malmquist productivity index to measure the economic development performance of mainland China under carbon emission constraints. Then, it described the spatiotemporal evolution of economic development performance and analyzed its influencing factors using the Tobit model. Results: The results revealed that there were obvious differences in the trends of the static and dynamic performance of economic development. On the one hand, the static performance of economic development exhibited an upward trend from 2008 to 2020. Its distribution characteristics were dominant in the higher and high-level areas. On the other hand, the dynamic performance had a downward trend from 2008 to 2016 and then an upward trend from 2016 to 2020. In most provinces, the dynamic performance was no longer constrained by technological progress but rather by scale efficiency. It was found that the main factors influencing economic development performance were urbanization level, energy efficiency, vegetation coverage, and foreign investment, while other factors had no significant influence. Conclusions: This study suggests that China should improve its economic development performance by increasing the use of clean energy, promoting human-centered urbanization, increasing carbon absorption capacity, and absorbing more foreign capital in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The modern logistics industry in relation to economic growth and carbon emission has opened new strategic perspectives. Recent research work have analyzed such complex interference from a broad perspective. However, analyzing this overlap needs comprehensive insight into the logistics industry while simultaneously estimating its short-run and long-run effects from regional aspects due to continue-evolving factors and their impact on it. This paper competently analyzes logistics industry components in connection with economic prosperity, energy consumption, trade development, and carbon emission from a more specific regional perspective of a developing country. Methodologically, an autoregressive distributive lag model (ARDL) is employed using correlative evaluation of the dynamic factors and their interactive impact in short and long run on this relation, based on time-series data of Pakistan from 1990 to 2019. The study results endorse the previous studies' outcomes by recognizing that an increase in carbon emission depends on trade development, energy usage, economic development, and the logistics industry's various components except for air logistics. However, study results show a unidirectional long-run causality directing from economic development, logistics industry, energy utilization, and trade development to carbon emission. Moreover, these results reveal that this emission is the leading factor to introduce stringent emission standards that further overlap with regional demographics trends, i.e., carbon emission implications. These findings imply that economic development applies a substantial demand-pull impact on national logistics, i.e., regional economic development directs to the growth of the logistics industry in the corresponding region. Consequently, high-income geographical regions have higher long-run risk concerning contemporary developmental activities of the logistics industry when adhering to carbon emission standards. Particularly, the influence of upcoming emission standards must be prioritized when planning the future returns of contemporary research and development activities of the logistics industry in a given geographic area, such as CPEC. Given Pakistan's perspective, the proposed empirical analysis can be exampled to other developing countries. This analysis may facilitate the design and development of strategies for upcoming financial funding in the modern logistics industry to seek its sustainable development-goals in developing economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For a healthy industrial structure (IS) and stable economic development in China, this study proposes an improved link prediction algorithm (LP) based on complex networks. The algorithm calculates the similarity by constructing a mixed similarity index. A regional IS network model is built in the study, and the direction of IS adjustment is calculated with the mixed similarity indicators. In this study, the prediction accuracy of the proposed improved LP algorithm in the real network dataset is up to 0.944, which is significantly higher than that of the other algorithms. In the reality of IS optimization, industries of high similarity could be obtained through similarity algorithms, and reasonable coordinated development strategies are proposed. In addition, the simulated IS adjustment strategy in this study shows that it is highly sustainable in development, which is reflected in its lower carbon emissions. The optimization of IS adjustment could be achieved through IS network model and the improved LP algorithm. This study provides valuable suggestions for China's regional industrial structure adjustment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, emerging, developed, and developing economies have placed great emphasis on the need to attain environmental sustainability while achieving economic expansion. In an effort to offer possible policy options toward the attainment of sustainable development, this study examines the effect of economic growth on carbon emissions mitigation. Yearly panel data for 44 countries comprised of emerging, developed, and developing economies from 1990 to 2017 is used. To address the gap in the literature, this nexus is examined on seven layers of carbon emissions. This study reveals reliable and robust empirical findings with the use of system and difference general method of moments, random and fixed effects using the Durbin-Wu-Hausman test model, and feasible general least-squares estimation approaches. Our findings indicate that for developed economies, carbon emissions by the power industry have been mitigated and increased domestic credit to the private sector leads to a decrease in all layers of carbon emissions. Nevertheless, gross national income increase negatively impacts emissions by the transport sector. In emerging and developing economies, increased domestic credit to the private sector increases emissions by the power industry, transport sector, buildings, other combustion industries, and other non-major sectors. For all economies, an increase in domestic savings leads to an increase in all layers of carbon emissions. Compared with prior studies that simply focus on gross domestic product and total carbon emissions, our study provides detailed insights on the carbon emissions mitigation efforts by sector and economic group given the true drivers of economic expansion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Energy is essential to achieving economic growth, yet the production of energy results in the emission of carbon dioxide, the primary factor in the deterioration of the environment and the acceleration of climate change. In this sense, the diversity of energy sources can contribute to achieving both environmentally sustainable development. This study investigates the relationship between energy diversification and economic growth in Nordic nations by employing a unique measure of energy diversity. The Nonlinear Panel Autoregressive Distributed Lag (NPARDL) approach is utilized in the research, and it looks at data from 1998 through 2018. According to our results, these nations experience favorable economic growth when there is an increase in the long-term diversity of their energy sources. However, in the near term, they have seen negative economic development due to the diversification of their energy sources. According to these findings, energy diversification benefits Nordic economic growth; however, further research is required for developing economies. As a result, further preventative actions must be implemented while simultaneously diversifying energy sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a financial activity with the main purpose of ecological protection and environmental governance, green investment has important practical significance for promoting sustainable economic development. Previous studies have not addressed the relationship between green investment, clean energy consumption, carbon emissions, and economic growth. We use panel data from 30 provinces and cities in China from 2003 to 2017 to build a simultaneous equation model, which can evaluate the nonlinear relationship and avoid the endogeneity of the model. The research results show that, firstly, green investment has a significant positive impact on clean energy consumption and economic growth. However, it has no significant effect on carbon dioxide emissions. Second, the curve of clean energy consumption and per capita GDP conforms to the positive U-shaped characteristic, while the curve of carbon emissions and per capita GDP conforms to the EKC curve, meeting the inverted U-shaped characteristic. And the inflection point of clean energy use occurred earlier than the inflection point of CO2 emissions. When per capita GDP is greater than 105,735.93 (RMB), the use of clean energy will increase, and carbon dioxide emissions will decrease, thereby achieving a win-win situation for the environment and the economy. Finally, according to the survey results, it is suggested that green investment is an effective means to encourage clean energy consumption and economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]