Search

Genus Harpactea Bristowe, 1939 Type species Dysdera latreillii Blackwall, 1832, by original designation. Remarks. Harpactea hombergii is currently stated as the type species of the genus Harpactea (World Spider Catalog 2021). It is through synonymy of Aranea hombergii and Dysdera latreillii. Templeton (1835) described a new dysderid genus Harpactes for Dysdera latreillii. He was not sure whether his specimens were conspecific with Blackwall’s (1832) Dysdera latreillii, therefore he called it D. latreillii with question mark. Vigors (in Templeton 1835), the editor of the paper, emended the name to D. templetoni. Later, Bristowe (1939) noticed that the name Harpactes was already preoccupied, so he replaced it with Harpactea. In summary, the type species of the genus Harpactea is undoubtedly Dysdera latreillii, not Aranea hombergii (see also Thaler & Knoflach 2002, Řezáč et al. 2014). Diagnostic characters. Diagnostic characters of Harpactea include the body size, colour of prosoma, leg spination and the shape of male chelicerae and copulatory organs. Harpactea are usually small to medium size spiders (carapace length 1.3–2.3 mm, although members of the group rubicunda from the eastern Meditteranean are usuay larger), with a homogeneous body shape (Fig. 1), although some species have elongated body and appendages (e.g., Fig. 1C). The prosoma is brown or yellow, usually darker in the anterior part. The abdomen shows no color patterns, its cuticle is hardly pigmented, so that grey or brownish midgut is visible. The shape of the chelicerae and the arrangement of the cheliceral teeth are uniform and characteristic for the majority of species of the genus (see the fageli type below)., Published as part of Řezáč, Milan, Cardoso, Pedro & Řezáčová, Veronika, 2023, Review of Harpactea ground-dwelling spiders (Araneae: Dysderidae) of Portugal, pp. 335-364 in Zootaxa 5263 (3) on page 337, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5263.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7804268, {"references":["Bristowe, W. S. (1939) The Comity of Spiders. Ray Society, London, 228 pp.","Blackwall, J. (1832) Description of a species of Arachnida, hitherto uncharacterized, belonging to the family Araneidae. London and Edinburgh Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science, Series 3, 1, 190 - 191. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 14786443208647870","World Spider Catalog (2021) World Spider Catalog, Natural History Museum Bern. Available from: http: // wsc. nmbe. ch (accessed 2 February 2021)","Templeton, R. (1835) On the spiders of the genus Dysdera Latr. with the description of a new allied genus. The Zoological Journal, 5, 400 - 408.","Thaler, K. & Knoflach, B. (2002) Zur Faunistik der Spinnen (Araneae) von Osterreich: Atypidae, Haplogynae, Eresidae, Zodariidae, Mimetidae. Linzer biologische Beitrage, 34, 413 - 444.","Rezac, M., Gasparo, F., Kral, J. & Heneberg, P. (2014) Integrative taxonomy and evolutionary history of a newly revealed Dysdera ninnii complex (Araneae: Dysderidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 172, 451 - 474. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zoj. 12177"]}

Harpactea gaditana Pesarini, 1988 (Fig. 1B, 2B, 3B, 4B, 9) H. gaditana Pesarini 1988: 180, fig. 2 (description based on male); Le Peru 2011: 269, fig. 402 (♁, redrawn from Pesarini 1988). Material. Type material was not examined. New material. Fundao, Alcongosta, 40.117, -7.484, inside house, 1 ♁, 3 June 2008, leg. S. Korenko, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague. Diagnosis. Harpactea gaditana is very similar to H. henriquesi sp. nov. in thin body with relatively long legs and genitalic morphology. It differs from H. henriquesi sp. nov. by slightly larger body (Fig. 1B), less curved embolus (Fig. 4B—e), the base of embolus is not covered by the base of conductor. Ecology. Adults can be found in spring (March–June). Distribution. It occurs in southern Spain (near the town Vejer in Cadiz province, Pesarini 1988) and eastern Portugal. In western Portugal it is replaced by the sibling species H. henriquesi sp. nov., Published as part of Řezáč, Milan, Cardoso, Pedro & Řezáčová, Veronika, 2023, Review of Harpactea ground-dwelling spiders (Araneae: Dysderidae) of Portugal, pp. 335-364 in Zootaxa 5263 (3) on page 346, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5263.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7804268, {"references":["Pesarini, C. (1988) Due nuove specie di Harpactea Bristowe appartenenti alla fauna Iberica. Atti della Societ Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 129, 179 - 184.","Le Peru, B. (2011) The spiders of Europe, a synthesis of data: Volume 1 Atypidae to Theridiidae. Memoires de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon, 2, 1 - 522."]}

Harpactea tavirensis Wunderlich, 2020 (Figs 1M, 2M, 3M, 5E, 8E, 9) H. tavirensis Wunderlich 2020: 7, figs 4–6 (description based on ♁). Material. Type material. 1 ♁ paratype, 5 km WNW of Tavira, leg. et coll. J. Wunderlich, R178 /ARICJW. New material. S. Bras de Alportel, Fonte da Taipa, 37.203, -7.963, Quercus suber forest with Erica sp., 3 ♁♁, 13 ♀♀, 12 April 2005, 2 ♁♁, 9 November 2005, 3 ♁♁, 6 ♀♀, 31 March–1 April 2013, leg. M. Řezáč, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague; Santa Bárbara de Nexe, 37.111, -7.982, 3 ♁, April 1963, leg. leg. Henry Coiffait?, coll. National Natural History Museum, Prague; Barranco do Velho, 37.238, -7.941, Quercus suber forest, 3 ♁♁, 2 ♀♀, December 1964, leg. Henry Coiffait?, coll. National Natural History Museum. Diagnosis. It can be distinguishged from any other Iberian Harpactea by cymbium with concave retrolateral side, unlike retrolateral side of cymbium being either convex or straight, in other species (only the prolateral side is concave in some species), and concave hairless dorso-apical side. It possesses the cheliceral type minoccii (see the Materials and Methods) characterised by only three cheliceral teeth. In contrast to other two representatives of this cheliceral type, H. minoccii and H. subiasi, it has slightly obtuse posterior distal tooth (in two mentioned species it is pointed) and thicker basal cheliceral segment (Fig. 2M). Vulva is similar to that of H. algarvensis, but it can be distinguished by sclerotization only present at the median rod of the anterior arc (Fig. 8E). A couple of bands of white delicate tissue run from the epigastric furrow towards the ovary and turn dorsally in the middle of the abdomen (Fig. 8E —wt, when the spider is in certain level of saturation, it can be observed by transparency, without dissecting). It co-occurs with H. algarvensis, from which it can be distinguished by smaller size (H. algarvensis 2.2 mm, H. tavirensis 1.4–2.0 mm), darker coloration and slightly annulated legs. Description. Male. Carapace red-brown, matting (Fig. 1M). Sternum brown-yellow, matting. Chelicerae red brown. Legs yellow-brown, anterior legs and pedipalps are darker. For measurements and leg spination see the Table 1. Relative leg length: IV>I>II>III. Cymbium slightly elongated (Fig. 3M), distally widened, with concave retrolateral side. Tegulum wider than long (Fig. 5E). Conductor relatively short, slightly S-shaped. Embolus dark, extremely long, its base directs to the opposite side than the conductor but then it is bent in 180° angle, so its tip directs to the same side as conductor. Opisthosoma cylindrical, whitish. Female. All somatic characters as described for the male. The vulva is of the type algarvensis (Fig. 8E). The vulva is very small and weakly sclerotised, anterior arc, transversal bar and median rod are only tiny rudiments. Rudiment of posterior diverticle is tiny circular spot. Behind the epigastric furrow there is a paired mass of whitish tissue. Variability. Male carapace length 1.51–2.00 mm (1.77±0.14, N=9), female carapace length 1.38–2.00 mm (1.65±0.13, N=22). The twisting of embolus is variable. Moreover, its appearance depends on the angle of view. Ecology. The adults occur in early spring in leaf litter of Quercus suber and Erica forests on eastern slopes. Females lay 16– 21 eggs (N=2). Distribution. So far known only from mountains in Algarve, southern Portugal., Published as part of Řezáč, Milan, Cardoso, Pedro & Řezáčová, Veronika, 2023, Review of Harpactea ground-dwelling spiders (Araneae: Dysderidae) of Portugal, pp. 335-364 in Zootaxa 5263 (3) on page 356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5263.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7804268, {"references":["Wunderlich, J. (2020) Description of four new and few rare spider species from the Western Palaearctic (Araneae: Dysderidae, Linyphiidae and Theridiidae). Beitrage zur Araneologie, 1, 4 - 18."]}

Harpactea dolanskyi Řezáč sp. nov. (Figs 1L, 2L, 3L, 5D, 9) Type material. Holotype. ♁, Mertola, Mertola, 37.643, -7.661, Eucalyptus trees, 30 March 2013, leg. M. Řezáč, coll. National Natural History Museum, Prague, code P6A 7386. Paratypes. Mertola, Mertola, 37.643, -7.661, Eucalyptus trees, 3 ♁♁, 30 March 2013, 2 ♁♁, 20 March 2022, leg. M. Řezáč, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague. Etymology. Named after the Czech arachnologist Jan Dolanský, our friend who helped us to discover this species. Diagnosis. This species is characterised by long thin S-shaped conductor and embolus (Fig. 5D). Its bulbus is similar to that of H. tavirensis, but tegulum is longer than wide, and embolus is more detached from tegulum. It possesses the cheliceral type algarvensis (Fig. 2L). In contrast to the other two representatives of this cheliceral type, H. algarvensis and H. krejcii sp. nov., its posterior basal cheliceral tooth is shifted more basally (it is not next to the anterior basal tooth, Fig. 2L). The male pedipalpal tarsus is only slightly elongated, it exhibits, like in H. algarvensis, no special modifications (Fig. 3L). Description. Male (holotype). Carapace olive brown, matting (Fig. 1L). Sternum yellow-brown, matting. Chelicerae brown. Legs yellow-brown, anterior legs and pedipalps darker. For measurements and leg spination see the Table 1. Relative leg length: IV>I>II>III. Cymbium with elongated distal part (Fig. 3L), and concave basal half of the prolateral side. Tegulum large, longer than wide (Fig. 5D). Conductor thin, relatively long, S-shaped. Embolus dark, very long, thin, S-shaped, directing distally. Opisthosoma cylindrical, whitish. Female unknown. Variability. Male carapace length 1.9–2.5 mm (2.2±0.2, N=4). Ecology. It was found in relatively dry leaf litter under Eucalyptus trees on a northern slope in early spring. Distribution. Known only from the type locality, in the valley of Guadiana river, near Mértola, in southern Portugal., Published as part of Řezáč, Milan, Cardoso, Pedro & Řezáčová, Veronika, 2023, Review of Harpactea ground-dwelling spiders (Araneae: Dysderidae) of Portugal, pp. 335-364 in Zootaxa 5263 (3) on pages 344-345, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5263.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7804268

Harpactea crespoi Řezáč sp. nov. (Figs 1N, 2N, 3N, 5F, 8C, 9) Type material. Holotype. ♁, Moura, Serra da Adiça, 37.978, -7.294, Quercus coccifera wood, 27 December 2005, leg. L. Crespo, coll. National Natural History Museum, Prague, code P6A 7385. Paratypes. Moura, Serra da Adiça, 37.978, -7.294, Quercus coccifera wood, 1 ♁, 1 ♀, 7 November 2005, leg. M. Řezáč, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague; 1 ♀, 27 December 2005, leg. L. Crespo, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague; 6 ♁♁, 13 ♀♀, 27 March 2013, leg. M. Řezáč, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague. Etymology. Named after the Portuguese arachnologist Luis Crespo, our friend, who helped to discover this species. Diagnosis. The species is characteristic by the cymbium bent around tegulum (Fig. 3N), tegulum wider than long and extremely long embolus (Fig. 5F). The embolus is very long also in H. dolanskyi sp. nov. and H. tavirensis, but these species possess conductor, in H. crespoi sp. nov. it is absent. The vulva is similar to that of H. algarvensis, but it lacks two pockets of whitish tissue in front of the anterior arc, and is less sclerotised, the only obviously sclerotised part of the anterior arc is the median rod (Fig. 8C). Description. Male (holotype). Carapace pale brown, matting (Fig. 1N). Sternum brown-yellow, matting. Chelicerae pale brown. Legs are pale yellow, pedipalps darker. For measurements and leg spination see the Table 1. Relative leg length: IV>I>II>III. Cymbium slightly bent around the bulbus, with elongated distal part (Fig. 3N), and slightly concave basal half of the prolateral side. Tegulum wider than long (Fig. 5F). Conductor absent. Embolus dark, extremely long, slightly undulated, directing to the side, the base is bent in 180° angle. Opisthosoma cylindrical, whitish. Female (paratypes). All somatic characters as described for the male. The vulva is of the type algarvensis (see Materials and Methods) (Fig. 8C).The vulva is relatively small and only slightly sclerotised. The median rod is very weak. The posterior diverticle is a rudimentary spherical sclerotised spot. Size range. Male carapace length 1.6–2.3 mm (1.9±0.18, N=8), female carapace length 1.53–1.86 mm (1.72±0.17, N=3). Ecology. Adults were found in early spring in leaf litter of Quercus coccifera forests on northeastern slopes. Distribution. So far known only from Serra da Adiça, a small mountain range in southern Portugal., Published as part of Řezáč, Milan, Cardoso, Pedro & Řezáčová, Veronika, 2023, Review of Harpactea ground-dwelling spiders (Araneae: Dysderidae) of Portugal, pp. 335-364 in Zootaxa 5263 (3) on page 344, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5263.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7804268

Harpactea stalitoides Ribera, 1993 (Fig. 9) H. stalitoides Ribera 1993: 2, fig. 1–4 (description based on female); Reboleira et al. 2011: fig. 3a. Material. Type material was not examined. Ecology. It occurs in the afotic zone of caves. The adult females were collected in winter and early spring (Ribera 1993). Distribution. It is known from few caves in southern Portugal (Algar„o Menor do Paulino, Algar„o dos Mouros, Gruta do Vale Telheiro, Loulé and Gruta da Senhora, Moncarapacho) (Reboleira et al. 2011, Ribera 1993)., Published as part of Řezáč, Milan, Cardoso, Pedro & Řezáčová, Veronika, 2023, Review of Harpactea ground-dwelling spiders (Araneae: Dysderidae) of Portugal, pp. 335-364 in Zootaxa 5263 (3) on page 355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5263.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7804268, {"references":["Ribera, C. (1993) Dysdera caeca n. sp. y Harpactea stalitoides n. sp. (Araneae), dos nuevas especies cavernicoles de Marruecos y Portugal. Revue Arachnologique, 10, 1 - 7.","Reboleira, A. S. P. S., Borges, P. A. V., Gonsalves, F., Serrano, A. R. M. & Oromi, P. (2011) The subterranean fauna of a biodiversity hotspot region - Portugal: an overview and its conservation. International Journal of Speleology, 40, 23 - 37."]}

Harpactea magnibulbi Machado & Ferrández, 1991 (Fig. 1G, 2G, 3G, 4G, 8A, 9) H. magnibulbi Machado & Ferrández 1991: 54, figs 1–7 (description based on both sexes); Le Peru 2011: 274, fig. 425 (♁ ♀, redrawn from Machado & Ferrández 1991). Material. Type material was not examined. New material. Monchique, Fóia, 37.316, -8.597, mountainous forest, 4 ♁♁, 1 ♀, 7 April 2008, leg. M. Řezáč, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague. Diagnosis. Harpactea magnibulbi is very similar to H. korenkoi sp. nov. Males differ from H. korenkoi sp. nov. by the distance between the anterior cheliceral teeth, that is the same as the distance between the teeth in the posterior row (Fig. 2G); the dorsal distal tooth is next to the posterior basal tooth (in H. korenkoi sp. nov. it is between the posterior teeth— Fig. 2H); the embolus is thicker (Fig. 4G—e). Females differ from H. korenkoi sp. nov. by the anterior arc without lobes bent backwards on its prolateral edges (Fig. 8A). Ecology. Adult males and females as well as juveniles were observed in leaf litter in early spring. Distribution. It occurs in Sierra de Monchique in southern Portugal (Machado & Ferrandez 1991: 58, fig. 8)., Published as part of Řezáč, Milan, Cardoso, Pedro & Řezáčová, Veronika, 2023, Review of Harpactea ground-dwelling spiders (Araneae: Dysderidae) of Portugal, pp. 335-364 in Zootaxa 5263 (3) on page 349, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5263.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7804268, {"references":["Machado, A. de B. & Ferrandez, M. A. (1991) Harpactea magnibulbi n. sp. un nuevo disderido (Araneae, Dysderidae), del sur de Portugal. Boletin de la Real Sociedad Espanola de Historia Natural (Sec. Biol.), 87, 53 - 60.","Le Peru, B. (2011) The spiders of Europe, a synthesis of data: Volume 1 Atypidae to Theridiidae. Memoires de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon, 2, 1 - 522."]}

Harpactea fageli Brignoli, 1980 (Fig. 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A, 6A, 9) H. fageli Brignoli 1980: 1, figs 1–3 (description based on both sexes); Ferrández & Fernández 1990: 44, fig. 1E–F (♁); Le Peru 2011: 268, fig. 401 (♁ ♀, redrawn from Brignoli 1980). Material. Type material was not examined. New material. Freixo de Espada a Cinta, Congida, 41.088, -6.793, forest, 1 ♁, 1 juv., 3 October 2007, leg. M. Řezáč, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague; Freixo de Espada a Cinta, Freixo de Espada a Cinta, 41.083, -6.817, Quercus forest, 6 ♀♀, 1 juv., 4 October 2007, leg. M. Řezáč, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague; Nisa, Nisa, 39.518, -7.651, Pinus plantation, 1 ♀, 1 May 2005, leg. C. Rufino, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague; Setúbal, Mata do Vidal, 38.487, -8.993, Quercus coccifera forest, 12 ♁♁, 4 ♀♀, 14 January 1998, leg. P. Cardoso, Finnish Museum of Natural History, Helsinki (http://id.luomus.fi/KN.23946). Diagnosis. Harpactea fageli is similar to H. henriquesi sp. nov. and H. gaditana. The males differ from these two species by thick S-shaped conductor (Fig. 4A—c). The females differ from H. henriquesi sp. nov. and H. gaditana by more sclerotised anterior arc and median rod (Fig. 6A —aa, mr). The median rod lacks terminal globule, it possesses crest for attaching muscles (Fig. 6A —mr). Ecology. It inhabits humid leaf litter in Quercus forests as well as Pinus plantations. Distribution. It occurs in mountains in central Spain and northern Portugal (Ferrandez & Ferrandez 1990: 49, fig. 4)., Published as part of Řezáč, Milan, Cardoso, Pedro & Řezáčová, Veronika, 2023, Review of Harpactea ground-dwelling spiders (Araneae: Dysderidae) of Portugal, pp. 335-364 in Zootaxa 5263 (3) on pages 345-346, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5263.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7804268, {"references":["Brignoli, P. M. (1980) Araignees d'Espagne V. Une nouvelle Harpactea de la province de Salamanca (Araneae, Dysderidae). Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, 52 (20), 1 - 4.","Ferrandez, M. A. & Fernandez de Cespedes, H. (1990) Nuevos datos sobre las especies ibericas del genero Harpactea Bristowe, 1939 (Araneae, Dysderidae). Boletin de la Real Sociedad Espanola de Historia Natural (Seccion Biologica), 86, 39 - 53.","Le Peru, B. (2011) The spiders of Europe, a synthesis of data: Volume 1 Atypidae to Theridiidae. Memoires de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon, 2, 1 - 522."]}

Harpactea krejcii Řezáč sp. nov. (Figs 1K, 2K, 3K, 5C, 9) Type material. Holotype. ♁, Loule, Ameixial, 37.357, -7.965, litter under Quercus suber, 1 ♁, 30 March 2013, leg. M. Řezáč, coll. National Natural History Museum, Prague, code P6A 7388. Paratype. Loule, Ameixial, 37.357, -7.965, litter under Quercus suber, 1 ♁, 30 March 2013, leg. M. Řezáč, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague. Etymology. Named after the Czech arachnologist Tomáš Krejčí, our friend who helped us to discover this species. Diagnosis. It resembles H.algarvensis in tegulum longer than wide, and conductor and embolus of approximately the same length (Fig. 5C), but it can be distinguished from the last species by the longer conductor and embolus. Description. Male (holotype). Carapace yellow brown, matting (Fig. 1K). Sternum yellow, matting. Chelicerae brown. Legs pale yellow, pedipalps brown. For measurements and leg spination see the Table 1. Relative leg length: IV>I>II>III. Cymbium tapering, with elongated distal part (Fig. 3K, like in H. algarvensis). Tegulum large, longer than wide (Fig. 5C). Conductor long, thin, S-shaped, pointed, directing distally. Embolus dark, very long, thin, flattened, its basal part directs distally, then it is bent proximally and distally, so its tip directs distally again. Opisthosoma cylindrical, whitish. Female unknown. Ecology. It was found in early spring in humid leaf litter under Quercus suber on the bottom of the valley. Distribution. So far known only from Ameixial in the mountain range in southern Portugal., Published as part of Řezáč, Milan, Cardoso, Pedro & Řezáčová, Veronika, 2023, Review of Harpactea ground-dwelling spiders (Araneae: Dysderidae) of Portugal, pp. 335-364 in Zootaxa 5263 (3) on pages 348-349, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5263.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7804268

Harpactea adicensis Řezáč sp. nov. (Figs 1I, 2I, 3I, 5A, 9) Material. Holotype. ♁, Moura, Serra da Adiça, 37.978, -7.294, Quercus coccifera bush, 27 March 2013, leg. M. Řezáč, coll. National Natural History Museum, Prague, code P6A 7384. 1 ♁ Paratype. Moura, Serra da Adiça, 37.978, -7.294, Quercus coccifera bush, 27 March 2013, leg. M. Řezáč, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague. Etymology. Named after the mountain range Serra da Adiça, the type locality of this species. Diagnosis. Harpactea adicensis sp. nov. resembles H. magnibulbi and H. korenkoi sp. nov. by the shape of copulatory organs, in particular by almost straight dorsal side of cymbium (Fig. 3I), but it can be distinguished from these species by absence of conductor and the flattened embolus directing distally, growing from the middle of a collar on the terminal part of tegulum (Fig. 5A). Also, the morphology of male chelicerae is unique. The arrangement of teeth is of usual Harpactea type (two teeth in posterior row and two teeth between them in anterior row, but the fang is with tooth on its frontal side. Description. Male (holotype). Carapace olive brown, matting (Fig. 1I). Sternum yellow-brown, matting. Chelicerae brown.Legs brown yellow, pedipalps brown. For measurements and leg spination see the Table 1. Relative leg length: IV>I>II>III. Cymbium with elongated distal part (Fig. 3I), and concave prolateral side. Tegulum large, longer than wide, terminated by collar surrounding the base of the embolus (Fig. 5A). Conductor atrophied. Embolus dark, regularly bent, flattened, the widest in the middle, directing distally. Opisthosoma cylindrical, whitish. Female. Unknown Ecology. Adults were found in early spring in leaf litter of Quercus coccifera forests on northeastern slopes. Distribution. So far known only from Serra da Adiça, a mountain range in southern Portugal., Published as part of Řezáč, Milan, Cardoso, Pedro & Řezáčová, Veronika, 2023, Review of Harpactea ground-dwelling spiders (Araneae: Dysderidae) of Portugal, pp. 335-364 in Zootaxa 5263 (3) on page 341, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5263.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7804268

Harpactea minoccii Ferrández, 1982 (Fig. 1E, 2E, 3E, 4E, 7A, 9) H. minoccii Ferrández 1982: 23, fig. 1a–e (description based on ♁); Ferrández 1990: 32, fig. 1g (♁); Le Peru 2011: 275, fig. 426 (♁, redrawn from Ferrández 1982). Material. Type material was not examined. New material. Mertola, Corredoura, 37.746, -7.642, Quercus coccifera bush, 1 ♀, 15 April 2005, 1 juv., 8 November 2005, 1 ♀, 3 April 2008, 3 ♀♀, 29 March 2013, leg. M. Řezáč, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague; Mertola, Mertola, 37.643, -7.661, Eucalyptus trees, 5 ♀♀, 30 March 2013, leg. M. Řezáč, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague; Mertola, Mertola (montado), 37.652, -7.66, Quercus suber, 31 ♁♁, 25 ♀♀, 15 May 2000, leg. P. Cardoso, Finnish Museum of Natural History, Helsinki (http://id.luomus.fi/KN.23950); Mertola, Alcaria Ruiva, 37.7, -7.762, woody vegetation, 4 ♀♀, 6 juv., 2 April 2008, leg. M. Řezáč, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague; Mertola, Corte da Velha, 37.687, -7.729, woody vegetation, 1 ♀, 2 April 2008, leg. M. Řezáč, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague; Mertola, Mesquita, 37.543, -7.518, woody vegetation, 1 ♀, 4 April 2008, leg. M. Řezáč, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague; Sines, 37.955, -8.867, woody vegetation, 1 ♁, 10 November 2005, leg. S. Henriques, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague; Loule, Santa Catarina, 37.746, -7.642, woody vegetation, 1 ♀, 6 April 2008, leg. M. Řezáč, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague; Nisa, Nisa, 39.518, -7.651, Eucalyptus grove, 1 ♀, 27 May 2005, leg. C. Rufino, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague; Moura, Serra da Adiça, 37.978, -7.294, Quercus ilex wood, 2 ♀♀, 20 April 2005, leg. M. Řezáč, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague; Evora, Herdade da Mitra, 38.532, -8.018, woody vegetation, 1 ♀, 5-7 November 2004, leg. S. Pekár, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague; 5 ♁♁, 17- 19 April 2005, leg. M. Řezáč, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague; 2 ♁♁, 26 March 2009, leg. S. Pekár, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague; Campinho, 38.3752, -7.4236, Quercus ilex wood, 1 ♁, 22 March 2022, leg. M. Řezáč, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague. Diagnosis. Males can be distinguished from the similar H. subiasi by very concave prolateral side of pedipalp tarsus, and by proportions of conductor and embolus. The embolus is thicker and relatively shorter, and the conductor is of similar width in its whole length, while in H. subiasi it is markedly tapering (Fig. 4E). The numbers in brackets indicate the number of spines on left legs. Measurements are in mm. ......continued on the next page ......continued on the next page The vulva is of the type minoccii. It resembles H. subiasi but it can be distinguished from the later species by larger paired posterior diverticles, easy to overlook in H. subiasi (Fig. 7B —pd) and by more compact hooks of the anchor-shaped anterior arc (Fig. 7A ven.). Description. The female has not been known so far. The somatic characters correspond with those described for the holotype male. The vulva is well developed. The anterior arc is high in ventral view. The median rod carries large crest, it does not contain any spermatheca. The anterior arc with median rod strongly resemble anchor in the ventral/dorsal view. The transversal bar carries a couple of translucent membranous pockets (Fig. 7A). Ecology. In humid leaf litter under trees or bush on shaded slopes. Females lay eggs at the beginning of spring. The presence of independent juveniles at the same time suggests a two-year life cycle. Distribution. Relatively large area comprising southern Spain (Ferrandez 1990: 37, fig. 3; Ferrandez & Ferrandez 1990: 49, fig. 4; Machado & Ferrandez 1991: 58, fig. 8) and southern Portugal., Published as part of Řezáč, Milan, Cardoso, Pedro & Řezáčová, Veronika, 2023, Review of Harpactea ground-dwelling spiders (Araneae: Dysderidae) of Portugal, pp. 335-364 in Zootaxa 5263 (3) on pages 349-354, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5263.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7804268, {"references":["Ferrandez, M. A. (1982) Harpactea minoccii n. sp., nouvelle espece de Dysderidae (Araneae) de la Peninsule Iberique. Revue Arachnologique, 4, 23 - 26.","Le Peru, B. (2011) The spiders of Europe, a synthesis of data: Volume 1 Atypidae to Theridiidae. Memoires de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon, 2, 1 - 522.","Machado, A. de B. & Ferrandez, M. A. (1991) Harpactea magnibulbi n. sp. un nuevo disderido (Araneae, Dysderidae), del sur de Portugal. Boletin de la Real Sociedad Espanola de Historia Natural (Sec. Biol.), 87, 53 - 60."]}

Harpactea algarvensis Ferrández, 1990 (Fig. 1J, 2J, 3J, 5B, 8D, 9) H. algarvensis Ferrández 1990: 32, fig. 1A–B (description based on male); Le Peru 2011: 263, fig. 379 (♁, redrawn from Ferrández 1990). Material. Type material was not examined. New material. S. Bras de Alportel, Fonte da Taipa, 37.203, -7.963, Quercus suber forest and Pinus monoculture, 9 ♁♁, 19 ♀♀, 12 April 2005, 1 ♁, 9 November 2005, 25 ♁♁, 42 ♀♀, 31 March–1 April 2013, leg. M. Řezáč, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague. Diagnosis. The males are similar to H. minoccii, H. subiasi, H. magnibulbi sp. nov. and H. korenkoi sp. nov. They differ by relatively longer, markedly flattened embolus. The vulva is of the type algarvensis. In contrast to the vulva of H. minoccii and H. subiasi it is reduced, without paired posterior spermathecae, small and only slightly sclerotised (Fig. 8D). In contrast to vulvae of H. tavirensis and H. crespoi sp. nov. the anterior arc is sclerotised (slightly though), it constitutes two pockets on sides of the median rod (Fig. 8D fro.). Description. The female has not been known so far. The somatic characters are as in males. The vulva is relatively small, only slightly sclerotised. Posterior diverticle is absent. Anterior arc is of rectangular shape in dorsal view, the sclerotised median rod is short.Anteriorly there are two lobes of whitish tissue connected to the anterior arc. Ecology. It was found in humid leaf litter in shaded Quercus forests or Pinus monocultures. Females were found with eggs (Range = 12–68, mean = 27, SD = 15, N = 20) in April. The presence of independent juveniles in early spring suggests a two-year life cycle. Distribution. It occurs in southern Portugal (Ferrandez 1990: 37, fig. 3; Machado & Ferrandez 1991: 58, fig. 8)., Published as part of Řezáč, Milan, Cardoso, Pedro & Řezáčová, Veronika, 2023, Review of Harpactea ground-dwelling spiders (Araneae: Dysderidae) of Portugal, pp. 335-364 in Zootaxa 5263 (3) on pages 342-343, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5263.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7804268, {"references":["Le Peru, B. (2011) The spiders of Europe, a synthesis of data: Volume 1 Atypidae to Theridiidae. Memoires de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon, 2, 1 - 522.","Machado, A. de B. & Ferrandez, M. A. (1991) Harpactea magnibulbi n. sp. un nuevo disderido (Araneae, Dysderidae), del sur de Portugal. Boletin de la Real Sociedad Espanola de Historia Natural (Sec. Biol.), 87, 53 - 60."]}

Harpactea hombergii (Scopoli, 1763) (Fig. 9) Dysdera latreillii Blackwall, 1832: 190 (the first description of this species, based on ♁). Remarks. The name Harpactea hombergi has been erroneously used for this species (Řezáč et al. 2008a). Walckenaer (1830) first used the name D. hombergii for the Harpactea species. His wrong concept was adopted by the latter authors (see the above list of misidentifications). The species so far called Harpactea hombergii was first described as Dysdera Latreillii by Blackwall (1832). However, resurrecting a name that has not been used as valid for over 150 years would severely threaten nomenclatoric stability. Therefore, we propose to keep using the name hombergii for this species. Harpactea hombergii is usually incorrectly written with a single “i” (for example, World Spider Catalog 2021). It was named after Homberg, latinized in Hombergius; the genitive of Hombergi-us is then Hombergi-i. Therefore, the name “hombergii” does not fit into the cases of incorrect names that must be changed. Thus, the original spelling of the specific name should be maintained according to ICZN, articles 31–33. Material. Type material was not examined. New material. Alcos de Valdevez, Mezio, 41.886, -8.312, inside house, 2 ♁♁, 14 June 2005, leg. S. Henriques, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague. Diagnosis. Harpactea hombergii can be easily distinguished from other Portuguese Harpactea by dark brown carapace, especially in males elongated body, slightly annulated legs, remarkably shortened tarsus of male pedipalps, and by the shape of copulatory organs. Ecology. During the day this nocturnal species can be found in leaf litter, under stones and branches lying on the ground or under bark of trees. In the Iberian Peninsula it lives in humid forests, adults are usually found in May. In central Europe it usually lives in sparse dry forests on rocks, especially with predominating Quercus spp., less often Fagus sylvatica or Pinus spp.; it matures at the end of summer. Distribution. Harpactea species with the largest area of distribution comprising most of the western, central and southern Europe. It is absent in its southernmost (southern parts of Iberian, Appenine and Balkan peninsulas), northern (Scandinavia, Baltic countries, Russia) and eastern parts (Bielorussia, Ukraine). In Spain (Ferrandez & Ferrandez 1990: 49, fig. 4) and Portugal (Fig. 9) it lives only in the northern parts, with very few southern records that probably are misidentified (see Branco et al. 2019b)., Published as part of Řezáč, Milan, Cardoso, Pedro & Řezáčová, Veronika, 2023, Review of Harpactea ground-dwelling spiders (Araneae: Dysderidae) of Portugal, pp. 335-364 in Zootaxa 5263 (3) on page 347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5263.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7804268, {"references":["Scopoli, I. A. (1763) Entomologica Carniolica, exhibens insecta Carnioliae indigena et distributa in ordines, genera, species, varietates. Methodo Linnaeana. Trattner, Vienna, 420 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 119976","Blackwall, J. (1832) Description of a species of Arachnida, hitherto uncharacterized, belonging to the family Araneidae. London and Edinburgh Philosophical Magazine and Journal of Science, Series 3, 1, 190 - 191. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 14786443208647870","Walckenaer, C. A. (1830) Araneides. In: Faune francaise, ou histoire naturelle generale et particuliere des animaux qui se trouvent en France, constamment ou passagerement, a la surface du sol, dans les eaux qui le baignent et dans le littoral des mers qui le bornent par Viellot, Desmarrey, Ducrotoy, Audinet, Lepelletier et Walckenaer. Livr. 26 & 29. Chez Rapet, Paris, pp. 97 - 175 + 177 - 240.","World Spider Catalog (2021) World Spider Catalog, Natural History Museum Bern. Available from: http: // wsc. nmbe. ch (accessed 2 February 2021)","Branco, V. V., Morano, E. & Cardoso, P. (2019 b) An update to the Iberian spider checklist. Zootaxa, 4614 (2), 201 - 254. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4614.2.1"]}

Harpactea subiasi Ferrández, 1990 (Fig. 1F, 2F, 3F, 4F, 7B, 9) H. subiasi Ferrández 1990: 35, fig. 1e, 2 (description based on both sexes); Le Peru 2011: 282, fig. 455 (♁ ♀, redrawn from Ferrández 1990). Material. Type material was not examined. New material. Loule, Ameixial, 37.357, -7.965, litter under Quercus suber, 2 ♁♁, 1 ♀, 30 March 2013, leg. M. Řezáč, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague; Setúbal, Mata do Solitario, 38.462, -9.002, Quercus coccifera forest, 6 ♁♁, 6 ♀♀, 17 November 1997, leg. P. Cardoso, coll. Finnish Museum of Natural History, Helsinki (http://id.luomus. fi/KN.24633); 10 ♁♁, 15 ♀♀, 4 April 2013, leg. M. Řezáč, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague; Setúbal, Portinho da Arrabida, 38.476, -8.985, Quercus coccifera forest, 1 ♀, 1 juv., 7 October 2007, leg. M. Řezáč, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague; Santiago do Cacem, 38.0000, -8.7356, Quercus ilex wood, 1 ♁, 1 ♀, 20. March 2022, leg. M. Řezáč, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague. Diagnosis. It closely resembles H. minoccii from which it can be distinguished by the remarkably tapering tarsi of male pedipalp in dorsal view (not visible in Fig. 3F as it is a lateral view) For the other differences from H. minoccii see the diagnosis in H. minoccii. Ecology. It lives in humid leaf litter in Quercus forests in shaded places. The females lay eggs (Range = 11–39, mean = 19, SD = 11, N = 5) in spring. The presence of independent juveniles in spring suggests a two-year life cycle. Distribution. It occurs in southern Portugal (maps in Ferrandez 1990: 37, fig. 3 and Machado & Ferrandez 1991: 58, fig. 8)., Published as part of Řezáč, Milan, Cardoso, Pedro & Řezáčová, Veronika, 2023, Review of Harpactea ground-dwelling spiders (Araneae: Dysderidae) of Portugal, pp. 335-364 in Zootaxa 5263 (3) on pages 355-356, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5263.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7804268, {"references":["Le Peru, B. (2011) The spiders of Europe, a synthesis of data: Volume 1 Atypidae to Theridiidae. Memoires de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon, 2, 1 - 522.","Machado, A. de B. & Ferrandez, M. A. (1991) Harpactea magnibulbi n. sp. un nuevo disderido (Araneae, Dysderidae), del sur de Portugal. Boletin de la Real Sociedad Espanola de Historia Natural (Sec. Biol.), 87, 53 - 60."]}

Harpactea pekari Řezáč sp. nov. (Figs 1D, 2D, 3D, 4D, 6C, 9) Type material. Holotype. ♁, Mertola, Corredoura, 37.746, -7.642, Quercus coccifera and Q. ilex wood, 29 March 2013, leg. M. Řezáč, coll. National Natural History Museum, Prague, code P6A 7389. Paratypes. Mertola, Corredoura, 37.746, -7.642, Quercus coccifera and Q. ilex wood, 9 ♁♁, 1 ♀, 1999, 13 ♁♁, 2 ♀♀, 2000, leg. P. Cardoso, coll. Finnish Museum of Natural History, Helsinki (http://id.luomus.fi/KN.23951); 1 ♀, 1 juv., 8 November 2005, 1 ♀, 3 April 2008, 3 ♀♀, 3 juv., 29 March 2013, leg. M. Řezáč, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague. Etymology. Named after the Czechoslovak arachnologist Stano Pekár, our friend who helped us to collect material for this study. Diagnosis. The smallest and more gracile Portuguese Harpactea species. It resembles H. gaditana, H. fageli and H. henriquesi sp. nov. by slightly elongated unmodified cymbium (Fig. 3D). It can be distinguished from the former species by spherical tegulum, no conductor and long regularly curved embolus, transversal in respect to tegulum (Fig. 4D). The reduced (small, only slightly sclerotised and without spermathecae) vulva resembles H. algarvensis, H. tavirensis and H. crespoi sp. nov. but it can be distinguished from these species by narrow posterior transversal bar bearing two furrows (Fig. 6C). It co-occurs with H. minoccii, from which it differs by smaller and lighter body. Description. Male (holotype). Carapace yellow-orange, head region darker, matting (Fig. 1D). Sternum yellow, matting. Chelicerae brown. Legs yellow, femora I and pedipalps darker. For measurements and leg spination see the Table 1. Relative leg length: IV>I>II>III. Cymbium with only slightly elongated distal part (Fig. 3D). Tegulum large, longer than wide (Fig. 4D). Conductor atrophied. Embolus dark, long, regularly bent, directing to the side. Opisthosoma cylindrical, whitish. Female. All somatic characters as described for the male. The vulva is of the type pekari (see the Material and Methods). It is very reduced and does not possess any posterior diverticle (Fig. 6C). Variability. Male carapace length 1.33–1.84 mm (1.58±0.14, N=21), female carapace length 1.51–1.60 mm (1.54±0.04, N=4). Ecology. Adults are found in early spring in leaf litter and under stones on humid northern slopes with Quercus ilex and Juniperus turbinata bush. Distribution. Known only from the valley of the river Guadiana near Mertola in southern Portugal., Published as part of Řezáč, Milan, Cardoso, Pedro & Řezáčová, Veronika, 2023, Review of Harpactea ground-dwelling spiders (Araneae: Dysderidae) of Portugal, pp. 335-364 in Zootaxa 5263 (3) on pages 354-355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5263.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7804268

Harpactea henriquesi Řezáč sp. nov. (Figs 1C, 2C, 3C, 4C, 6B, 9) Type material. Holotype. ♁, Torres Novas, Paul do Boquilobo, 39.39, -8.541, Quercus suber, 24 April 2002, leg. P. Cardoso, coll. Finnish Museum of Natural History, Helsinki (http://id.luomus.fi/KN.23947). Paratypes. Coimbra, Botanical Garden of Coimbra, 40.21, -8.42, woody vegetation, 1 ♁, 6 June 2005, leg. L. Crespo, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague; Lisboa, Monsanto, 38.734, -9.19, woody vegetation, 2 ♁♁, 11 March 2006, leg. L. Crespo, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague; Lisboa, 38.7418, -9.1606, wasteland, 1 ♁, 10 March 2022, leg. G. Ramos, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague; Golega, Golega, 39.412, -8.478, woody vegetation, 1 juv., 2 October 2007, leg. M. Řezáč, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague; Torres Novas, Paul do Boquilobo, 39.39, -8.541, Quercus suber, 9 ♁♁, 7 ♀♀, 24 April 2002, leg. P. Cardoso, Finnish Museum of Natural History, Helsinki (http://id.luomus.fi/KN.23948); Torres Novas, Vale Garcia, 39.55, -8.588, Scrubland, 27 ♁♁, 18 ♀♀, 23 April 2002, leg. P. Cardoso, Finnish Museum of Natural History, Helsinki (http://id.luomus.fi/KN.23949); Porto de Mos, Serro Ventoso, 39.556, -8.838, Quercus faginea wood, 2 ♁♁, 6 ♀♀, 16-17 April 2005, leg. M. Řezáč, coll. Crop Research Institute, Prague. Etymology. Named after the Portuguese arachnologist Sergio Henriques, our friend who helped us to collect material for this study. Diagnosis. Harpactea henriquesi differs from the majority of Portuguese Harpactea species by the shape of copulatory organs, in particular by slender tegulum and thin embolus and conductor of approximately the same length (Fig. 4C). Males are also characteristic by markedly slender and elongated abdomen and elongated prosoma (Fig. 1C). It resembles H. gaditana and H. fageli in that the first leg is longer than the fourth. Concerning bulbus shape, it is most similar to H. gaditana, from which it differs by base of embolus covered by the base of conductor (in H. gaditana it is not covered). Embolus is uniformly curved (Fig. 4C, in H. gaditana the distal part of embolus is less curved than the basal one). Concerning size and body proportions H. henriquesi sp. nov. is more similar to H. sciakyi Pesarini, 1988 from Spain, from which it differs by uniformly curved embolus (in H. sciakyi it is strongly bent in the middle), straight conductor with only slightly dilated apex (in H. sciakyi conductor is bent at base, its apex is strongly and suddenly spatulated), and femora I with a single, relatively weak subapical prolateral spine (in H. sciakyi femora I with a pair of strong prolateral spines). The vulva is similar to that of H. fageli, but it is relatively smaller and less sclerotised, the anterior part is terminated by a globule, it does not carry any crest for attaching muscles. Also the members of Harpactea hombergii group possess similar vulva morphology. In the only representative of this group in Portugal, Harpactea hombergii, the lateral parts of the anterior arc are bent like in anchor (Fig. 6B). Description. Male (holotype). Carapace olive brown, matting, in comparison with other Harpactea species elongated (Fig. 1C). Sternum ferruginous, matting. Chelicerae brown. Legs brown-yellow, anterior legs and pedipalps darker. Measurements and spination are shown in Table 1. Relative leg length: I>IV>II>III. Cymbium with only slightly elongated distal part (Fig. 3C, like in H. gaditana). Tegulum thin, much longer than wide (Fig. 4C). Conductor straight, directing distally. Embolus dark, parallel to conductor, but regularly bent, of the same length as conductor, directing distally. Opisthosoma cylindrical, markedly elongated and slender (Fig. 1C). Female. In females the carapace is less elongated (especially the posterior part) than in males: the ratio length / maximum width of carapace in females is 1.36–1.40, in males 1.44–1.50. Opisthosoma less elongated than in males. The vulva is of the type fageli (see the chapter Diagnostic characters) (Fig. 6B). Variability. Male carapace length 1.17–2.07 mm (1.56±0.23 (mean± SD), N=39), female carapace length 1.18– 1.79 mm (1.50±0.16, N=32). Ecology. Found in leaf litter in sparse Quercus forests. Distribution. The species was found in several sites in central-western Portugal., Published as part of Řezáč, Milan, Cardoso, Pedro & Řezáčová, Veronika, 2023, Review of Harpactea ground-dwelling spiders (Araneae: Dysderidae) of Portugal, pp. 335-364 in Zootaxa 5263 (3) on pages 346-347, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5263.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7804268, {"references":["Pesarini, C. (1988) Due nuove specie di Harpactea Bristowe appartenenti alla fauna Iberica. Atti della Societ Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano, 129, 179 - 184."]}

Harpactea proxima Ferrández, 1990 (Fig. 9) H. proxima Ferrández 1990: 33, fig. 1c–d (description based on ♁); Le Peru 2011: 277, fig. 436 (♁, redrawn from Ferrández 1990). Material. Type material was not examined. Diagnosis. Harpactea proxima is very similar to H. minoccii. According to Ferrández (1990) H. minoccii differs from H. proxima by absence of femoral spines. However, all our H. minoccii specimens possess femoral spines. Their absence is very unusual in the genus Harpactea in general, which lead us to conclude that the holotype of H. minoccii is just an individual with aberrant spination. Further, H. proxima possesses conductor (not embolus as stated in Ferrández (1990)) that is uniformly curved (in H. minoccii it is sinuous— Fig. 4E). Because we found only Harpactea with bulbus morphology of H. minoccii in the region from where H. proxima was described, we can not exclude the possibility that these two morphotypes are in fact the same species. Ecology. So far unknown (cf. Ferrández 1990). Distribution. It is recorded from southern Portugal (Ferrandez 1990: 37, fig. 3; Machado & Ferrandez 1991: 58, fig. 8)., Published as part of Řezáč, Milan, Cardoso, Pedro & Řezáčová, Veronika, 2023, Review of Harpactea ground-dwelling spiders (Araneae: Dysderidae) of Portugal, pp. 335-364 in Zootaxa 5263 (3) on page 355, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5263.3.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7804268, {"references":["Le Peru, B. (2011) The spiders of Europe, a synthesis of data: Volume 1 Atypidae to Theridiidae. Memoires de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon, 2, 1 - 522.","Machado, A. de B. & Ferrandez, M. A. (1991) Harpactea magnibulbi n. sp. un nuevo disderido (Araneae, Dysderidae), del sur de Portugal. Boletin de la Real Sociedad Espanola de Historia Natural (Sec. Biol.), 87, 53 - 60."]}