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Abiotic and biotic stresses hamper our agricultural productivity by reducing crop growth, leading to food crises all over the globe. At present, the main objective of environmentalists is to ensure food safety by improving crop production in stressful environment. To achieve this goal, nanotechnology is a promising tool to sustainably promote food production. Seed nano-priming has emerged as a successful method to activate not only seed germination and seedling establishment but also the growth of the plant. Here we are focusing on some important benefits of seed nano-priming, like rapid germination, better plant growth, and higher yield. Furthermore, an attempt has been made to explain seed priming technology, mechanism of seed germination along with molecular, biochemical, and physiological changes on nano-priming. The data presented in this review prove that nano-priming can mitigate abiotic and biotic stresses and provide an option to raise a resilient crop. This review has also highlighted the challenges and limitations in using seed nano-priming for sustainable agriculture. We have also discussed here future possibility of usage of endophytes due to their enormous benefits to host and non-host plants, as well in seed germination and in abiotic stress tolerance via seed priming, with different innovative seed coating techniques, which could be used as potential technology in advancing dynamic and sustainable agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The antioxidant properties of methanol extract of above-ground parts of Alyssum virgatum, an endemic plant, were analyzed. Together with their total phenolic, flavonoid, and antioxidant capacities, their effects on reactive oxygen species were determined by experimental methods. The methanol extracts of A. virgatum plant appeared to exhibit in-vitro antioxidant activity. In particular, the extract of the plant was found to have a scavenging effect against hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical. Total phenolic content was found to be 161.25 mg gallic acid per gram dry material. Total flavonoid content was found to be 119.89 mg quercetin per gram dry material. Total antioxidant capacity was determined as 94.92 mM α-tocopherol acetate per gram dry material. Moreover, the amount of the extract that caused 50% inhibition of hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical was assayed as 29.24 mg mL−1 and 46.04 mg mL−1, respectively. Addition to the experimental studies, DFT, molecular docking, and ADME calculations were performed to determine antioxidant, biological activity, and drug properties of two main phenolic components of A. virgatum which are cinnamic acid and ferulic acid. DFT calculations were executed at B3LYP/6–311 + + G(d,p) level in Gaussian 16 software. The HAT, SET-PT, SPLET mechanisms, and the spin density analyses of the main components were investigated in detail. Molecular docking studies of the investigated main components were executed on the antioxidant proteins in Schrodinger 2020–3 program. Additionally, ADME properties of the mentioned main components were determined via QikProp module in the Schrodinger software. All theoretical studies showed that ferulic acid had better antioxidant, biological, and drug activities than cinnamic acid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]