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Objective: Differences in white adipose tissue (WAT) expression of mesoderm‐specific transcript (Mest) in C57BL6/J mice fed a high‐fat diet (HFD) are concomitant with and predictive for the development of obesity. However, the basis for differences in WAT Mest among mice is unknown. This study investigated whether HFD‐inducible WAT Mest, as well as susceptibility to obesity, is transmissible from parents to offspring. Methods: WAT biopsies of mice fed an HFD for 2 weeks identified parents with low and high WAT Mest for breeding. Obesity phenotypes, WAT Mest, hepatic gene expression, and serum metabolites were determined in offspring fed an HFD for 2 weeks. Results: Offspring showed no heritability of obesity or WAT Mest phenotypes from parents but did show hepatic and serum metabolite changes consistent with their WAT Mest. Importantly, retired male breeders showed WAT Mest expression congruent with initial WAT biopsies even though HFD exposure occurred early in life. Conclusions: Disparity of HFD‐induced Mest in mice is not heritable but, rather, is reestablished during each generation and remains fixed from an early age to adulthood. Short‐term HFD feeding reveals variation of WAT Mest expression within isogenic mice that is positively associated with the development of obesity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the lead-free double perovskite Cs2AgBiBr6 has emerged as an appealing alternative to lead-based perovskites due to its nontoxicity and long-term stability. In this study, we employed methyl acetate as an antisolvent and prepared high-quality Cs2AgBiBr6 films by a facile one-step spin-coating method. The prepared films exhibited excellent crystallinity with densely packed crystal grains. The root mean square roughness and average roughness of the obtained Cs2AgBiBr6 perovskite films were 6.69 and 5.43 nm, respectively. Furthermore, the memory device based on the Cs2AgBiBr6 perovskite films exhibited uniform and repeatable bipolar resistive switching performance with an ON/OFF ratio of 15, an endurance of 80 cycles, and a retention time of 104 s. This work showcases a simple and convenient one-step spin-coating method for depositing high-quality Cs2AgBiBr6 thin films while highlighting their potential application in resistive switching memories based on lead-free double perovskites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing inspiration from cohesive integration of skeletal muscles and sensory skins in vertebrate animals, we present a design strategy of soft robots, primarily consisting of an electronic skin (e-skin) and an artificial muscle. These robots integrate multifunctional sensing and on-demand actuation into a biocompatible platform using an in-situ solution-based method. They feature biomimetic designs that enable adaptive motions and stress-free contact with tissues, supported by a battery-free wireless module for untethered operation. Demonstrations range from a robotic cuff for detecting blood pressure, to a robotic gripper for tracking bladder volume, an ingestible robot for pH sensing and on-site drug delivery, and a robotic patch for quantifying cardiac function and delivering electrotherapy, highlighting the application versatilities and potentials of the bio-inspired soft robots. Our designs establish a universal strategy with a broad range of sensing and responsive materials, to form integrated soft robots for medical technology and beyond.Integrating sensing and actuation capabilities in soft robots is crucial for advancements in medical diagnostics and targeted therapies. Zhang et al. developed bio-inspired sensory robots with multifunctionality for minimally invasive medical procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mutations in TGF-[beta]-activated kinase 1 binding protein 2 (TAB2) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy and/or congenital heart disease in humans, but the underlying mechanisms are currently unknown. Here, we identified an indispensable role for TAB2 in regulating myocardial homeostasis and remodeling by suppressing receptorinteracting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) activation and RIPK1-dependent apoptosis and necroptosis. Cardiomyocyte-specific deletion of Tab2 in mice triggered dilated cardiomyopathy with massive apoptotic and necroptotic cell death. Moreover, Tab2-deficient mice were also predisposed to myocardial injury and adverse remodeling after pathological stress. In cardiomyocytes, deletion of TAB2 but not its close homolog TAB3 promoted TNF-[alpha]-induced apoptosis and necroptosis, which was rescued by forced activation of TAK1 or inhibition of RIPK1 kinase activity. Mechanistically, TAB2 critically mediates RIPK1 phosphorylation at Ser321 via a TAK1-dependent mechanism, which prevents RIPK1 kinase activation and the formation of RIPK1-FADD-caspase-8 apoptotic complex or RIPK1-RIPK3 necroptotic complex. Strikingly, genetic inactivation of RIPK1 with Ripk1-K45A knockin effectively rescued cardiac remodeling and dysfunction in Tab2-deficient mice. Together, these data demonstrated that TAB2 is a key regulator of myocardial homeostasis and remodeling by suppressing RIPK1-dependent apoptosis and necroptosis. Our results also suggest that targeting RIPK1-mediated cell death signaling may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for TAB2 deficiency-induced dilated cardiomyopathy., Introduction Loss of cardiomyocytes by apoptotic and necrotic death is a crucial event underlying pathological cardiac remodeling and heart failure (1, 2). Similar to apoptosis, emerging evidence indicates that necrosis [...]

The study of high-order harmonic generation (HHG) in confined quantum systems is essential for developing a comprehensive physical description of harmonic generation from atoms to bulk solids. Using the time-dependent density-functional theory, we demonstrate how the symmetry of the system modulates the generation of high-order harmonic in fullerene C60 molecules along different orthogonal directions, as well as the effects of amplitude and photon energy of a linearly polarized laser on high-order harmonics generation. We found that the generation of high-order harmonics perpendicular to the laser polarization direction (LPD) is related to the symmetry of molecules along the LPD and the symmetry of molecules perpendicular to the LPD. Within a certain parameter range, the cut-off energy is linearly proportional to the laser amplitude and the laser photon energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of high-order harmonic generation (HHG) in confined quantum systems is essential for developing a comprehensive physical description of harmonic generation from atoms to bulk solids. Using the time-dependent density-functional theory, we demonstrate how the symmetry of the system modulates the generation of high-order harmonic in fullerene C60 molecules along different orthogonal directions, as well as the effects of amplitude and photon energy of a linearly polarized laser on high-order harmonics generation. We found that the generation of high-order harmonics perpendicular to the laser polarization direction (LPD) is related to the symmetry of molecules along the LPD and the symmetry of molecules perpendicular to the LPD. Within a certain parameter range, the cut-off energy is linearly proportional to the laser amplitude and the laser photon energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, zero-dimensional (0D) lead-free Cs3Cu2I5 materials have become one of the most attractive research hotspots in the optoelectronic field owing to their simple preparation method and long-term air stability. However, the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) of the blue luminescence of Cs3Cu2I5 still lags behind those of the green and red luminescence of lead halide perovskites. Herein, 0D lead-free Cs3Cu2I5 films modulated by hydroiodic acid (HI) with a high PLQY of blue luminescence are addressed. The results show that the particle size of the Cs3Cu2I5 films decreases as the added amount of HI increases, from 223.3 (without HI) to 200.7 nm (with 0.076 mmol HI). The Cs3Cu2I5 films with 0.038 mmol HI display the lowest root-mean-square roughness of 14.7 nm. Moreover, the as-prepared films all exhibit blue luminescence at 445 nm, and the PLQY of Cs3Cu2I5 films reaches 85.3% when 0.038 mmol HI is added. Most importantly, the obtained films demonstrate long-term air stability under an ambient atmosphere, and the crystal structure and PLQY of Cs3Cu2I5 films have no obvious variation after 150 days. This air-stable lead-free blue luminescence with high PLQY provides a new strategy to promote the blue luminescence optical property of halide perovskite materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous studies have found that pure even harmonics are generated from oriented CO molecules in linearly polarized laser fields. In this work, we demonstrate multi-directions pure even harmonic simultaneous generation from planar molecules in linearly polarized laser fields using the time-dependent density-functional theory. The analysis reveals that pure even harmonic generation depends on the special symmetry of the planar molecule. In the linearly polarized laser field, it is found that only when the planar molecules have reflective symmetry direction and the molecules perpendicular to the reflective symmetry direction do not have reflection symmetry can the planar molecules generate pure even harmonics along such reflective symmetry direction. When the laser polarization is perpendicular to the planar molecule, if the molecule has several these directions of such reflection symmetry, pure even harmonics will be simultaneously generated along these symmetrical directions. Moreover, when the laser polarization is along the molecular plane and perpendicular to the direction of one such reflection symmetry, even harmonic is also generated along this reflection symmetry direction, whereas odd harmonic is generated along the direction of laser polarization. The phenomenon exists in all polyatomic planar molecules with such reflection symmetry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the technical platform of electrically actuated nose wheel steering systems, a new type of damping shimmy reduction technology is developed to break through the limitations of traditional hydraulic damping shimmy reduction methods, and an electrically actuated nose wheel steering structure scheme is proposed. The mathematical model of the electromagnetic damper is established, the derivation of skin depth, damping torque and damping coefficient is completed, and the design of the shape and size of the electromagnetic damper is combined with the derivation results and the technical index of shimmy reduction. The electromagnetic field finite element simulation results show that the mathematical modeling method of the electromagnetic damper has good accuracy, and its application to the shimmy reduction module of the electrically actuated nose wheel steering system is also feasible and superior. Finally, the key factors influencing the performance of electromagnetic damper shimmy reduction are studied and analyzed, thus forming a complete electromagnetic damper shimmy reduction technology for the electrically actuated system, and laying the foundation for the design of novel all-electric aircraft and landing gear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mutations in TGF-β-activated kinase 1 binding protein 2 (TAB2) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of dilated cardiomyopathy and/or congenital heart disease in humans, but the underlying mechanisms are currently unknown. Here, we identified an indispensable role for TAB2 in regulating myocardial homeostasis and remodeling by suppressing receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) activation and RIPK1-dependent apoptosis and necroptosis. Cardiomyocyte-specific deletion of Tab2 in mice triggered dilated cardiomyopathy with massive apoptotic and necroptotic cell death. Moreover, Tab2-deficient mice were also predisposed to myocardial injury and adverse remodeling after pathological stress. In cardiomyocytes, deletion of TAB2 but not its close homolog TAB3 promoted TNF-α-induced apoptosis and necroptosis, which was rescued by forced activation of TAK1 or inhibition of RIPK1 kinase activity. Mechanistically, TAB2 critically mediates RIPK1 phosphorylation at Ser321 via a TAK1-dependent mechanism, which prevents RIPK1 kinase activation and the formation of RIPK1-FADD-caspase-8 apoptotic complex or RIPK1-RIPK3 necroptotic complex. Strikingly, genetic inactivation of RIPK1 with Ripk1-K45A knockin effectively rescued cardiac remodeling and dysfunction in Tab2-deficient mice. Together, these data demonstrated that TAB2 is a key regulator of myocardial homeostasis and remodeling by suppressing RIPK1-dependent apoptosis and necroptosis. Our results also suggest that targeting RIPK1-mediated cell death signaling may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for TAB2 deficiency-induced dilated cardiomyopathy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]