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This study aims to illustrate epidemiology of comorbid CVD in the real-world clinical setting of patients with psoriasis in China. We used data of adult patients with psoriasis who were registered in the register of China National Clinical Center for Skin and Immune Diseases between August 2020 and September 2021. Psoriasis was clinically diagnosed following the national guidelines. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine the factors associated with comorbid CVD in patients with psoriasis. Of the 11,560 psoriasis patients (age ≥ 18 years, mean age 41.87 years, 64.88% males), 236 were ascertained with CVD, with the overall prevalence being 2.62%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis suggested that the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of CVD in psoriasis patients was 2.27 (2.03–2.54) for older age (per 10-year increment), 0.65 (0.48–0.90) for female, 2.07 (1.39–3.06) for obesity (BMI ≥ 28 vs. < 24 kg/m2), 2.55 (1.85–2.52) for smoking, 7.63 (5.86–9.94) for hypertension, 4.27 (3.76–4.85) for diabetes, 1.14 (1.00–1.30) for having a history of drug allergy, 2.27 (1.61–3.20) for having family history of psoriasis, and 1.76 (1.16–2.67) for severe disease (severe vs. mild) with a dose–response relationship (Ptrend < 0.001). In patients with psoriasis, comorbid CVD was associated with smoking, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, history of drug allergy, family history of psoriasis, and the psoriasis severity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To compare the difference in perioperative outcomes between standard pelvic lymph node dissection (sPLND) and extended pelvic lymph node dissection (ePLND) in robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) and evaluate the survival outcomes. The clinical data were retrospectively collected from patients who underwent RARC between January 2016 and December 2020 in Nanjing Drum Hospital. The patients were divided into sPLND and ePLND group according to the extent of pelvic lymph node dissection. Finally, 80 pairs of patients obtained for two groups by propensity score matching (PSM) and their perioperative and survival outcomes were analyzed. The median number of dissected lymph nodes (LN) after PSM was 13 in sPLND group and 16 in ePLND group (P = 0.004). Perioperative complications were similar between 2 groups. After PSM, ePLND improved 5-year RFS and OS in all patients (85.74 vs. 61.94%, P = 0.004; 82.80 vs. 67.50%, P = 0.033), patients with ≥ T3 disease (73.66 vs. 23.86%; P = 0.007; 68.20 vs. 36.20%; P = 0.032) and patients with LN metastasis (67.70 vs. 7.33%; P = 0.004; 60.60 vs. 16.67%; P = 0.045) compared to sPLND. Extended PLND significantly increased lymph node yield without increasing complication and improved RFS and OS compared to sPLND. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Onychomycosis in infants is a rare fungal infection. The condition is frequently linked to congenital or secondary immunodeficiency, as well as exposure to contaminated environments. In this report, we present a case of infant onychomycosis, likely infected during birth delivery from the mother with vaginal candidiasis. However, both the infant and the mother recovered spontaneously without any treatment over several months. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the continuous development and application of digital technology, higher vocational education is also facing the demand of digital transformation. The digital transformation of higher vocational education is the key to the high quality development of higher vocational education. In order to promote the digitization of education and enhance the adaptability of vocational education, it is necessary to continuously improve teachers’ ability and literacy. In order to adapt to and lead the digital new normal, it is an important starting point for the high-quality development of vocational education to build a comprehensive and multi-channel digital literacy of higher vocational teachers and the digital improvement path of classroom teaching. The research of this paper will provide guidance and reference for the cultivation of teachers’ digital literacy and the improvement of classroom teaching effect in higher vocational colleges.

The molecules of Major histocompatibility class I (MHC-I) load peptides and present them on the cell surface, which provided the immune system with the signal to detect and eliminate the infected or cancerous cells. In the context of cancer, owing to the crucial immune-regulatory roles played by MHC-I molecules, the abnormal modulation of MHC-I expression and function could be hijacked by tumor cells to escape the immune surveillance and attack, thereby promoting tumoral progression and impairing the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy. Here we reviewed and discussed the recent studies and discoveries related to the MHC-I molecules and their multidirectional functions in the development of cancer, mainly focusing on the interactions between MHC-I and the multiple participators in the tumor microenvironment and highlighting the significance of targeting MHC-I for optimizing the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy and a deeper understanding of the dynamic nature and functioning mechanism of MHC-I in cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the responses of vegetation composition to climate, fire regimes and human disturbance is crucial to provide valuable insights to protect current and future ecosystems. However, relevant studies were poorly performed on the heavily forested montane areas in subtropic East Asia. In this study, we present pollen and charcoal records from a 95-cm long peat core in the subalpine Daping swamp in the western Nanling Mountains in subtropic China, to discuss the possible interactions among vegetation, fire, climatic change, and human activities in the late-Holocene. Our results suggest that the vegetation in the study area was composed of deciduous–evergreen mixed forests with few fire events during 3140–630 cal yr BP, and its changes were mainly controlled by climate with rare human impacts reflected by low concentrations of charcoals, low proportions of Poaceae pollen, and high AP/NAP ratios. After 630 cal yr BP, pollen data indicate an obvious shift from dense forests to more open landscape. The sharp increase of charcoal concentrations, the extremely low AP/NAP and increased Poaceae percentages suggest that this vegetation shift is not only impacted by the dry climate conditions, but also by the intensified deforestation due to enhanced human activities such as the slash-and-burn cultivation, etc. This study reveals a vital transitional timing from the natural to the superimposed anthropogenic forcing of vegetation composition and fire regimes at ~630 cal yr BP. Regional comparison of charcoal records indicates that the onset timing of intensified human disturbance in the inland montane areas is much later than that in the coastal areas in subtropic China. We infer the obstacle impacts of the montane terrain and the different responses of the dissemination of agriculture and enhanced population migration have played a crucial role in this asynchronous spreading pattern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Shengxuening combined with conventional iron supplementation in the treatment of anemia during pregnancy. Methods. Electronic searches of Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), China Knowledge Network (CNKI), Wanfang database (Wanfang), and China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP) were conducted. A randomized controlled trial of Shengxuening combined with conventional iron supplements for the treatment of anemia in pregnancy was included. The quality of the included trials was assessed using the Cochrane Handbook's Risk of Bias Assessment Tool (version 5.1.0), and data analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software and Stata 15.0 statistical software. Results. A total of 150 studies were detected and 17 studies with a total of 1741 cases were finally included. Meta-analysis results showed that the effectiveness of Shengxuening combined with conventional iron supplementation was significantly better than that of conventional iron supplementation alone, and the adverse effects were significantly reduced compared with that of iron supplementation alone, and various anemia indicators such as Hb, RBC, MCV, and MCHC and iron metabolism indicators such as SI and TSAT were also significantly increased. Conclusion. The efficacy of the combination of Shengxuening and conventional iron supplementation in the treatment of anemia in pregnancy is better than that of conventional iron supplementation alone, and the adverse effects in the experimental group are much less than those in the control group, but the quality of the included studies is not high, and more high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed for further validation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Exosomes are essential mediators of intercellular communication as they transport proteins and RNAs between cells. Owing to their tumor‐targeting capacity, immune compatibility, low toxicity, and long half‐life, mesenchymal stem cell‐derived exosomes have great potential for the development of novel antitumor strategies. In this context, the role of exosomes produced by adipose‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) for the treatment of bladder cancer (BC) remains unclear. Here, we investigated the use of ADSCs as a source of therapeutic exosomes, as well as their efficacy in delivering the tumor suppressor miR‐138‐5p in BC. Methods: ADSCs stably expressing miR‐138‐5p were established using Lentivirus infection, and ADSC‐derived miR‐138‐5p exosomes (Exo‐miR‐138‐5p) were isolated from the cell culture medium. The effect of Exo‐miR‐138‐5p on BC cell migration, invasion, and proliferation was evaluated in vitro using wound healing, transwell invasion, and proliferation assays. The in vivo effect of Exo‐miR‐138‐5p was investigated using a subcutaneous xenograft mouse model. Results: Exo‐miR‐138‐5p prevented the migration, invasion, and proliferation of BC cells in vitro. Moreover, ADSC‐derived exosomes could penetrate tumor tissues and successfully deliver miR‐138‐5p to suppress the growth of xenograft tumors in vivo. Conclusions: The present results reveal that ADSC‐derived exosomes are an effective delivery vehicle for small molecule drugs in vivo, and exosome‐delivered miR‐138‐5p is a promising therapeutic agent for BC treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cancer metastasis, a typical malignant biological behavior involving the distant migration of tumor cells from the primary site to other organs, contributed majorly to cancer-related deaths of patients. Although constant efforts have been paid by researchers to elucidate the mechanisms of cancer metastasis, we are still far away from the definite answer. Recently, emerging evidence demonstrated that cancer metastasis is a continuous coevolutionary process mediated by the interactions between tumor cells and the host organ microenvironment, and epigenetic reprogramming of metastatic cancer cells may confer them with stronger metastatic capacities. The lymph node served as the first metastatic niche for many types of cancer, and the appearance of lymph node metastasis predicted poor prognosis. Importantly, multiple immune cells and stromal cells station and linger in the lymph nodes, which constitutes the complexity of the lymph node microenvironment. The active cross talk between cancer cells and immune cells could happen unceasingly within the metastatic environment of lymph nodes. Of note, diverse immune cells have been found to participate in the formation of malignant properties of tumor, including stemness and immune escape. Based on these available evidence and data, we hypothesize that the metastatic microenvironment of lymph nodes could drive cancer cells to metastasize to further organs through epigenetic mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chondrite‐normalized rare earth element (REE) data of a ~47.0‐ka lake sedimentary sequence from the Dahu Swamp in the eastern Nanling Mountain area were used to determine climatic variations within the region. These sediments proved to be valuable proxies of climatic changes and their origin is discussed. The influences of grain size, organic matter absorption and Fe‐Mn oxides on REE composition were determined to not be significant. The dominant source of sediments was ascertained to be the weathered granite residues from the catchment, enriched in light rare earth elements (LREE). Intensified East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) resulted in intensive chemical weathering, leading to enhanced REE and LREE fractionations in the weathered residues; this caused the increase in REE and LREE, and decrease in heavy rare earth element (HREE) fractionation degrees in the sediment. Therefore, our results indicate that changes in LREE/HREE, (La/Yb)N, (La/Sm)N) and (Gd/Yb)N, the proxies of REE, LREE, and HREE fractionations, can serve as proxies of regional climate‐induced chemical weathering and thus serve to constrain EASM changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The western Guangdong Province (WGDP) in China, influenced by both the East Asian and the Indian summer monsoon, is a pivotal region for exploring the Asian summer monsoon (ASM) evolution. So far, there still lacks detail studies on late Holocene climatic/environmental changes here. In this study, multiple magnetic parameters were measured on the lake sediments of Hedong section in this area. Results indicated a dominance of pseudo-single-domain detrital (titano-)magnetite or maghemite mixed with paramagnetic and anti-ferromagnetic minerals in sediments, and the impacts of authigenic greigite, bacterial activity, post-depositional dissolution, and dilution effects were trivial. Changes in rainfall-induced surface erosion intensity were determined as a role in sediment magnetic properties. Intensified surface erosion deduced by increased rainfall favored enhanced concentrations and more coarse-grained magnetic minerals in sediments, and vice versa. Thus, the magnetic parameters can be used to reflect varying ASM strength in the past ~4300 years. They revealed four relatively humid (strengthened ASM) (i.e., 4300–4000 cal. yr BP, 3500–3130 cal. yr BP, 2640–1950 cal. yr BP, and 1250–850 cal. yr BP), and three dry periods (weakened ASM) (i.e., 4000–3500 cal. yr BP, 3130–2640 cal. yr BP, and 1950–1250 cal. yr BP) which coincided with the Bond events 3, 2, and 1 respectively. In combination with the three significant cycles (i.e., 1250-, 75-, and 65-year) revealed by spectral analysis on SIRM record, we inferred both the external forcing (e.g., solar activity) and internal hemispheric-scale atmospheric processes (e.g., ENSO, North Atlantic Oscillation) have played an integral role in late Holocene climate changes in the study region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]