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3. Medical management and surgery versus medical management alone for symptomatic cerebral cavernous malformation (CARE): a feasibility study and randomised, open, pragmatic, pilot phase trial

Author

Eriksson, Madeleine, Hayat, Raza, Kinsella, Elaine, Lewis, Katherine, White, David CS, Boyd, Julia, Bullen, Alastair, Maclean, Morag, Stoddart, Andrew, Phair, Sandra, Evans, Helen, Noakes, Jo, Alexander, Debra, Keerie, Catriona, Linsley, Christopher, Milne, Garry, Norrie, John, Farrar, Nicola, Realpe, Alba X, Donovan, Jenny L, Bunch, Janet, Douthwaite, Kathryn, Temple, Simon, Hogg, James, Scott, David, Spallone, Pat, Stuart, Ian, Wardlaw, Joanna M, Palmer, Jeb, Sakka, Eleni, Mukerji, Nitin, Cirstea, Emanuel, Davies, Susan, Giannakaki, Venetia, Kadhim, Ammar, Kennion, Oliver, Islam, Moidul, Ferguson, Lucie, Prasad, Manjunath, Bacon, Andrew, Richards, Emma, Howe, Jo, Kamara, Christine, Gardner, Jonathan, Roman, Madalina, Sikaonga, Mary, Cahill, Julian, Rossdeutsch, Alex, Cahill, Varduhi, Hamina, Imron, Chaudhari, Kishor, Danciut, Mihai, Clarkson, Emma, Bjornson, Anna, Bulters, Diederik, Digpal, Ronneil, Ruiz, Winnington, Taylor, Mirriam, Anyog, Divina, Tluchowska, Katarzyna, Nolasco, Jackson, Brooks, Daniel, Angelopoulou, Kleopatra, Welch, Bethany, Broomes, Nicole, Fouyas, Ioannis, MacRaild, Allan, Kaliaperumal, Chandru, Teasdale, Jessica, Coakley, Michelle, Brennan, Paul, Sokol, Drahoslav, Wiggins, Anthony, MacDonald, Mairi, Risbridger, Sarah, Bhatt, Pragnesh, Irvine, Janice, Majeed, Sohail, Williams, Sandra, Reid, John, Walch, Annika, Muir, Farah, van Beijnum, Janneke, Leach, Paul, Hughes, Tom, Makwana, Milan, Hamandi, Khalid, McAleer, Dympna, Gunning, Belinda, Walsh, Daniel, Wroe Wright, Oliver, Patel, Sabina, Gurusinghe, Nihal, Raza-Knight, Saba, Cromie, Terri-Louise, Brown, Allan, Raj, Sonia, Pennington, Ruth, Campbell, Charlene, Patel, Shakeelah, Colombo, Francesca, Teo, Mario, Wildman, Jack, Smith, Kerry, Goff, Elizabeth, Stephens, Deanna, Borislavova, Borislava, Worner, Ruth, Buddha, Sandeep, Clatworthy, Philip, Edwards, Richard, Clayton, Evangeline, Coy, Karen, Tucker, Lisa, Dymond, Sandra, Mallick, Andrew, Hodnett, Rebecca, Spickett-Jones, Francesca, Grover, Patrick, Banaras, Azra, Tshuma, Sifelani, Muirhead, William, Scott Hill, Ciaran, Shah, Rupal, Doke, Thomas, Hall, Rebecca, Coskuner, Sonny, Aslett, Laura, Vindlacheruvu, Raghu, Ghosh, Anthony, Fitzpatrick, Teresa, Harris, Lauren, Hayton, Tom, Whitehouse, Arlo, McDarby, Andrew, Hancox, Rebecca, Auyeung, Claudia Kate, Nair, Ramesh, Thomas, Rhys, McLachlan, Heather, Kountourgioti, Athanasia, Orjales, Guillelme, Kruczynski, Jan, Hunter, Sophie, Bohnacker, Niamh, Marimon, Rosette, Parker, Lydia, Raha, Oishik, Sharma, Puneet, Uff, Christopher, Boyapati, Geetha, Papadopoulos, Marios, Kearney, Siobhan, Visagan, Ravindran, Bosetta, Ellaine, Asif, Hasan, Helmy, Adel, Chapas, Liliana, Tarantino, Silvia, Caldwell, Karen, Guilfoyle, Mathew, Agarwal, Smriti, Brown, Daniel, Holland, Sarah, Tajsic, Tamara, Fletcher, Clare, Sebyatki, Aisha, Ushewokunze, Shungu, Ali, Sarah, Preston, John, Chambers, Carole, Patel, Mohammed, Holsgrove, Daniel, McLaughlan, Danielle, Marsden, Tracey, Cawley, Kathryn, Raffalli, Hellen, Lee, Stephanie, Israni, Anil, Dore, Rachael, Anderson, Taya, Hennigan, Dawn, Mayor, Shelley, Glover, Samantha, Chavredakis, Emmanuel, Brown, Debbie, Sokratous, Giannis, Williamson, John, Stoneley, Cathy, Brodbelt, Andrew, Farah, Jibril Osman, Illingworth, Sarah, Konteas, Anastasios Benjamin, Davies, Deborah, Owen, Carol, Kerr, Loretta, Hall, Peter, Al-Shahi Salman, Rustam, Forsyth, Laura, Lewis, Steff C, Loan, James JM, Neilson, Aileen R, Stephen, Jacqueline, Kitchen, Neil, Harkness, Kirsty A, Hutchinson, Peter JA, Mallucci, Conor, Wade, Julia, and White, Philip M

Published
2024
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4. Addressing barriers and identifying facilitators to support informed consent and recruitment in the Cavernous malformations A Randomised Effectiveness (CARE) pilot phase trial: insights from the integrated QuinteT recruitment intervention (QRI)

Author

Mallucci, Conor, White, Philip M., Eriksson, Madeleine, Hayat, Raza, Kinsella, Elaine, Lewis, Katherine, Neilson, Aileen R., White, David C.S., Boyd, Julia, Bullen, Alastair, Maclean, Morag, Stoddart, Andrew, Phair, Sandra, Evans, Helen, Noakes, Jo, Alexander, Debra, Keerie, Catriona, Linsley, Christopher, Milne, Garry, Norrie, John, Bunch, Janet, Douthwaite, Kathryn, Temple, Simon, Hogg, James, Scott, David, Spallone, Pat, Stuart, Ian, Wardlaw, Joanna M., Palmer, Jeb, Sakka, Eleni, Mukerji, Nitin, Cirstea, Emanuel, Davies, Susan, Giannakaki, Venetia, Kadhim, Ammar, Kennion, Oliver, Islam, Moidul, Ferguson, Lucie, Prasad, Manjunath, Bacon, Andrew, Richards, Emma, Howe, Jo, Kamara, Christine, Gardner, Jonathan, Roman, Madalina, Sikaonga, Mary, Cahill, Julian, Rossdeutsch, Alex, Cahill, Varduhi, Hamina, Imron, Chaudhari, Kishor, Danciut, Mihai, Clarkson, Emma, Bjornson, Anna, Bulters, Diederik, Digpal, Ronneil, Ruiz, Winnington, Taylor, Mirriam, Anyog, Divina, Tluchowska, Katarzyna, Nolasco, Jackson, Brooks, Daniel, Angelopoulou, Kleopatra, Welch, Bethany, Broomes, Nicole, Fouyas, Ioannis, MacRaild, Allan, Kaliaperumal, Chandru, Teasdale, Jessica, Coakley, Michelle, Brennan, Paul, Sokol, Drahoslav, Wiggins, Anthony, MacDonald, Mairi, Risbridger, Sarah, Bhatt, Pragnesh, Irvine, Janice, Majeed, Sohail, Williams, Sandra, Reid, John, Walch, Annika, Muir, Farah, van Beijnum, Janneke, Leach, Paul, Hughes, Tom, Makwana, Milan, Hamandi, Khalid, McAleer, Dympna, Gunning, Belinda, Walsh, Daniel, Wright, Oliver Wroe, Patel, Sabina, Gurusinghe, Nihal, Raza-Knight, Saba, Cromie, Terri-Louise, Brown, Allan, Raj, Sonia, Pennington, Ruth, Campbell, Charlene, Patel, Shakeelah, Colombo, Francesca, Teo, Mario, Wildman, Jack, Smith, Kerry, Goff, Elizabeth, Stephens, Deanna, Borislavova, Borislava, Worner, Ruth, Buddha, Sandeep, Clatworthy, Philip, Edwards, Richard, Clayton, Evangeline, Coy, Karen, Tucker, Lisa, Dymond, Sandra, Mallick, Andrew, Hodnett, Rebecca, Spickett-Jones, Francesca, Grover, Patrick, Banaras, Azra, Tshuma, Sifelani, Muirhead, William, Hill, Ciaran Scott, Shah, Rupal, Doke, Thomas, Hall, Rebecca, Coskuner, Sonny, Aslett, Laura, Vindlacheruvu, Raghu, Ghosh, Anthony, Fitzpatrick, Teresa, Harris, Lauren, Hayton, Tom, Whitehouse, Arlo, McDarby, Andrew, Hancox, Rebecca, Auyeung, Claudia Kate, Nair, Ramesh, Thomas, Rhys, McLachlan, Heather, Kountourgioti, Athanasia, Orjales, Guillelme, Kruczynski, Jan, Hunter, Sophie, Bohnacker, Niamh, Marimon, Rosette, Parker, Lydia, Raha, Oishik, Sharma, Puneet, Uff, Christopher, Boyapati, Geetha, Papadopoulos, Marios, Kearney, Siobhan, Visagan, Ravindran, Bosetta, Ellaine, Asif, Hasan, Helmy, Adel, Chapas, Liliana, Tarantino, Silvia, Caldwell, Karen, Guilfoyle, Mathew, Agarwal, Smriti, Brown, Daniel, Holland, Sarah, Tajsic, Tamara, Fletcher, Clare, Sebyatki, Aisha, Ushewokunze, Shungu, Ali, Sarah, Preston, John, Chambers, Carole, Patel, Mohammed, Holsgrove, Daniel, McLaughlan, Danielle, Marsden, Tracey, Cawley, Kathryn, Raffalli, Hellen, Lee, Stephanie, Israni, Anil, Dore, Rachael, Anderson, Taya, Hennigan, Dawn, Mayor, Shelley, Glover, Samantha, Chavredakis, Emmanuel, Brown, Debbie, Sokratous, Giannis, Williamson, John, Stoneley, Cathy, Brodbelt, Andrew, Farah, Jibril Osman, Illingworth, Sarah, Konteas, Anastasios Benjamin, Davies, Deborah, Owen, Carol, Kerr, Loretta, Wade, Julia, Farrar, Nicola, Realpe, Alba X., Donovan, Jenny L., Forsyth, Laura, Harkness, Kirsty A., Hutchinson, Peter J.A., Kitchen, Neil, Lewis, Steff C., Loan, James J.M., Stephen, Jacqueline, and Al-Shahi Salman, Rustam

Published
2024
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5. Risks of second primary cancers among 584,965 female and male breast cancer survivors in England: a 25-year retrospective cohort study

Author

Allen, Isaac, Hassan, Hend, Joko-Fru, Walburga Yvonne, Huntley, Catherine, Loong, Lucy, Rahman, Tameera, Torr, Bethany, Bacon, Andrew, Knott, Craig, Jose, Sophie, Vernon, Sally, Lüchtenborg, Margreet, Pethick, Joanna, Lavelle, Katrina, McRonald, Fiona, Eccles, Diana, Morris, Eva J.A, Hardy, Steven, Turnbull, Clare, Tischkowitz, Marc, Pharoah, Paul, and Antoniou, Antonis C.

Published
2024
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6. Radiological follow-up of endovascularly treated intracranial aneurysms: a survey of current practice in the UK and Ireland

Author

Hannan, Cathal John, Islim, Abdurrahman I., Alalade, Andrew F., Bacon, Andrew, Ghosh, Anthony, Dalton, Arthur, Abouharb, Ashraf, Walsh, Daniel Colman, Bulters, Diederik, White, Edward, Chavredakis, Emmanouil, Kounin, George, Critchley, Giles, Dow, Graham, Patel, Hiren C., Brydon, Howard, Anderson, Ian A., Fouyas, Ioannis, Galea, James, St. George, Jerome, Bal, Jarnail, Patel, Krunal, Kamel, Mahmoud, Teo, Mario, Fanning, Noel, Mukerji, Nitin, Grover, Patrick, Mitchell, Patrick, Whitfield, Peter C., Trivedi, Rikin, Crockett, Matthew T., Brennan, Paul, and Javadpour, Mohsen

Published
2023
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12. Event Studies with a Continuous Treatment.

Author

CALLAWAY, BRANTLY, GOODMAN-BACON, ANDREW, and SANT'ANNA, PEDRO H. C.

Subjects
FEDERAL Reserve banks
Abstract

This article explores event studies with continuous treatment, specifically focusing on the choices and decisions researchers must make when using Difference-in-Differences (DiD) methods. The authors propose transparent ways to aggregate the numerous causal parameters that arise in staggered DiD designs, taking into account treatment timing and intensity. They introduce various parameters of interest, such as average treatment effects and event study-type parameters. The article also discusses the identification of these parameters under traditional DiD assumptions. The text provides an application of this design to study the local economic effects of hydraulic fracking, demonstrating the results of event study estimates and dose-response curves. The conclusion highlights the importance of selecting appropriate aggregation methods based on the research question. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2024
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13. Incidence and survival of soft tissue sarcoma in England between 2013 and 2017, an analysis from the National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service.

Author

Bacon, Andrew, Wong, Kwok, Fernando, Malee S., Rous, Brian, Hill, Roger J. W., Collins, Shane D., Broggio, John, and Strauss, Sandra J.

Subjects
SARCOMA, LIPOSARCOMA, TISSUE viability, GASTROINTESTINAL stromal tumors, PROPORTIONAL hazards models, NOSOLOGY
Abstract

There is a paucity of population‐based data detailing the incidence and survival of patients with soft tissue sarcoma (STS), in part due to the heterogeneity of disease and changes to classification. Here, the incidence and survival of all STS subtypes registered in England between 2013 and 2017 were analysed using cancer registry data held by the National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service. Age‐standardised incidence rates were calculated per 1 000 000 using the 2013 European Standard Population. Net survival was computed using Brenner's alternative method, with the Ederer II estimator. Age‐specific overall survival was assessed using Kaplan‐Meier. The influence of age, sex, socioeconomic deprivation and diagnostic routes on survival was assessed using Cox proportional hazards modelling. In total, 19 717 patients were diagnosed with STS, an average of 3943 patients per year and representing approximately 0.8% of malignancies. The most common histological diagnoses were Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumours (GIST), leiomyosarcoma and undifferentiated sarcoma, accounting for 20.2%, 13.3% and 12.7% of all sarcomas, respectively. Five‐year net survival for all malignant STS was 65.0%; and was lowest for patients with vascular tumours at 39%. Patients from most deprived cohorts had 23% greater chance of dying within 5 years than patients in least deprived areas. This population‐based study has allowed us for the first time to define the incidence and survival rates of prevalent STS subtypes in England such as GIST, liposarcoma and leiomyosarcoma, as well as rare entities and groups with inferior outcome. This data is invaluable for service provision, benchmarking and addressing inequality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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14. A Theory of Structured Propositions.

Author

Bacon, Andrew

Subjects
*PROPOSITION (Logic), *METAPHYSICS, *PARADOX, *PREDICATE calculus, *HYPOTHESIS
Abstract

This paper argues that the theory of structured propositions is not undermined by the Russell-Myhill paradox. I develop a theory of structured propositions in which the Russell-Myhill paradox doesn't arise: the theory does not involve ramification or compromises to the underlying logic, but rather rejects common assumptions, encoded in the notation of the λ-calculus, about what properties and relations can be built. I argue that the structuralist had independent reasons to reject these underlying assumptions. The theory is given both a diagrammatic representation and a logical representation in a novel language. In the latter half of the paper I turn to some technical questions concerning the treatment of quantification and demonstrate various equivalences between the diagrammatic and logical representations and a fragment of the λ-calculus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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15. A survey of the radiological follow-up of unruptured intracranial aneurysms in the United Kingdom.

Author

Hall, Samuel, Abouharb, Ashraf, Anderson, Ian, Bacon, Andrew, Bahl, Anuj, Brydon, Howard, Dow, Graham, Fouyas, Ioannis, Galea, James, Ghosh, Anthony, Gurusinghe, Nihal, Kamel, Mahmoud, Minhas, Pawan, Mitchell, Patrick, Mowle, David, Mukerji, Nitin, Nair, Ramesh, Norris, John, Patel, Hiren, and Patel, Jash

Subjects
INTRACRANIAL aneurysms, DISEASE progression, SUBARACHNOID hemorrhage, NONPROBABILITY sampling, JUDGMENT sampling, INTRACRANIAL aneurysm ruptures, INTRACRANIAL arterial diseases
Abstract

Unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIA) are common. For many the treatment risks outweigh their risk of subarachnoid haemorrhage and patients undergo surveillance imaging. There is little data to inform if and how to monitor UIAs resulting in widely varying practices. This study aimed to determine the current practice of unruptured UIA surveillance in the United Kingdom. A questionnaire was designed to address the themes of surveillance protocols for UIA including when surveillance is initiated, how frequently it is performed, and when it is terminated. Additionally, how aneurysm growth is managed and how clinically meaningful growth is defined were explored. The questionnaire was distributed to members of the British Neurovascular Group using probability-based cluster and non-probability purposive sampling methods. Responses were received from 30 of the 30 (100.0%) adult neurosurgical units in the United Kingdom of which 27 (90.0%) routinely perform surveillance for aneurysm growth. Only four units had a unit policy. The mean patient age up to which a unit would initiate follow-up of a low-risk UIA was 65.4 ± 9.0 years. The time points at which imaging is performed varied widely. There was an even split between whether units use a fixed duration of follow-up or an age threshold for terminating surveillance. Forty percent of units will follow-up patients more than 5 years from diagnosis. The magnitude in the change in size that was felt to constitute growth ranged from 1 to 3mm. No units routinely used vessel wall imaging although 27 had access to 3T MRI capable of performing it. There is marked heterogeneity in surveillance practices between units in the United Kingdom. This study will help units better understand their practice relative to their peers and provide a framework forplanning further research on aneurysm growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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16. Incidence, prevalence and survival in patients with Langerhans cell histiocytosis: A national registry study from England, 2013–2019.

Author

Liu, Hanhua, Stiller, Charles A., Crooks, Colin J., Rous, Brian, Bythell, Mary, Broggio, John, Rankin, Judith, Nanduri, Vasanta, Lanyon, Peter, Card, Tim R., Ban, Lu, Elliss‐Brookes, Lucy, Broughan, Jennifer M., Paley, Lizz, Wong, Kwok, Bacon, Andrew, Bishton, Mark, and West, Joe

Subjects
LANGERHANS-cell histiocytosis, OVERALL survival, NOSOLOGY, TUMOR classification
Abstract

Summary: This analysis is the largest population‐based study to date to provide contemporary and comprehensive epidemiological estimates of all third edition of the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICD‐O‐3) coded Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) from England. People of all ages were identified from the National Cancer Registration Dataset using ICD‐O‐3 morphologies 9751–9754 for neoplasms diagnosed in 2013–2019. A total of 658 patients were identified, of whom 324 (49%) were children aged <15 years. The age‐standardised incidence rate was 4.46 (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.99–4.98) per million children and 1.06 (95% CI 0.94–1.18) per million adults aged ≥15 years. Prevalence of LCH was 9.95 (95% CI 9.14–10.81) per million persons at the end of 2019. The 1‐year overall survival (OS) was 99% (95% CI 97%–100%) for children and 90% (95% CI 87%–93%) for adults. Those aged ≥60 years had poorer OS than those aged <15 years (hazard ratio [HR] 22.12, 95% CI 7.10–68.94; p < 0.001). People in deprived areas had lower OS than those in the least deprived areas (HR 5.36, 95% CI 1.16–24.87; p = 0.03). There will inevitably be other environmental factors and associations yet to be identified, and the continued standardised data collection will allow further evaluation of data over time. This will be increasingly important with developments in LCH management following the large collaborative international trials such as LCH IV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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17. Against Disquotation.

Author

Bacon, Andrew and Goodman, Jeremy

Subjects
PARADOX, ABSURD (Philosophy), INCONSISTENCY (Logic), ABBREVIATIONS, PLAUSIBILITY (Logic)
Abstract

We argue against the disquotational meaning schema—' φ ' means that φ —and suggest that rejecting it is the key to resolving further intensional paradoxes about the limits of thought. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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18. Actual value in decision theory.

Author

Bacon, Andrew

Subjects
*DECISION making, *DECISION theory, *EXPECTED returns, *MATHEMATICS, *COUNTERFACTUALS (Logic)
Abstract

Decision theory is founded on the principle that we ought to take the action that has the maximum expected value from among actions we are in a position to take. But prior to the notion of expected value is the notion of the actual value of that action: roughly, a measure of the good outcomes you would in fact procure if you were to take it. Surprisingly many decision theories operate without an analysis of actual value. I offer a definition of actual value, and show that a form of decision theory due to Stalnaker can be reformulated so as to be in line with the edict to maximize expected value. By contrast, I show that there is no quantity — given by my definition or otherwise — that plays the role of actual value in Jeffrey's decision theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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