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A rapid growth in vehicles and population has resulted in a rapid rise in energy demand. Since fossil fuels are rapidly depleting, researchers are focused on finding alternative fuels for diesel as a result of climate change. The country imports 79% of its oil needs at the moment and plans to reduce that to 70% by 2024. To achieve this, alternative fuel sources that are non-toxic, renewable, and inexpensive are needed. It is emerging that algae-based biodiesel could be a viable alternative to diesel fuel. It has been found that microalgae oil can be used to produce biodiesel. The present study investigates the preparation of a biodiesel fuel blend of 80-20 (80 % diesel and 20 % biodiesel) using nanoparticles of Bi2O3. This research tests the fuels properties in accordance with ASTM standards. It is possible for nanoparticles to enhance fuel properties and overcome certain disadvantages in general by being adding as fuel additives. In this study, Green Microalgae blends and diesel blends containing Bi2O3 nanoadditives were compared for performance and emission characteristics. In experiments, the use of a biodiesel blend with nano-additives resulted in better performance characteristics and lower exhaust emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lack of safe water prevents 42 percent of the world's population from accessing sanitation. In 2021, the WHO estimated that there would be 784 million people without access to safe drinking water. With a well-planned system, the group aims to cut the number of people in need of drinkable water by half by 2015. These methods improve saltwater, which makes up 97 percent of the world's water. In this regard, a model that simulates the work of groundwater treatment firms using natural resources and renewable energy has been developed. There was a lack of continuous wind energy throughout most of Oman, where this model was put, and the necessity for a reverse osmosis system for constant maintenance because these projects rely on renewable energy everywhere. This article aims to create an autonomous desalination plant powered by solar and wind energy. A simulator model based on renewable energy groundwater purification systems was created for this aim. To treat subterranean water in distant areas of Oman using two renewable technologies to create enough electricity to run the reverse water purification and water purification system at the lowest cost. A turbine mounted vertically with a height of 1.5 meters and a diameter of 1 meter will produce 2304 liters per day and 800000 liters per year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]