151 results
Search Results
2. Ethical research landscapes in fragile and conflict-affected contexts: understanding the challenges.
- Author
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Shanks, Kelsey and Paulson, Julia
- Subjects
RESEARCH ethics ,DEVELOPING countries ,RESEARCHER positionality ,LANDSCAPES ,GATEKEEPING ,ACQUISITION of data - Abstract
As the prevalence of conflict and fragility continue to rise around the world, research is increasingly heralded as a solution. However, current ethical guidelines for working in areas suffering from institutional and social fragility, insecurity or violent conflict have been heavily critiqued as highly abstract; focussed only on data collection; detached from the realities of academia in the Global South; and potentially extractive. This article seeks to respond to that assessment by spotlighting some of the most prevalent challenges researchers face in the pursuit of ethical working practices. It explores the material and epistemic injustices that often shape and underpin research structures and relationships in these contexts. The paper draws on the authors' experiences of research in conflict-affected and fragile contexts over the last fifteen years and on workshop discussions with researchers based in fragile and conflict-affected contexts conducted in Amman, Bogotá and Dhaka in 2019-2020. The paper works from the premise that achieving ethical research in fragile spaces is not dependent solely on activity at the site of research, but also on decisions made across the entire ecosystem of a research project. It therefore interrogates the full research landscape, from funding models, to research design (including research topics, partnerships, methods, participant selection, and researcher positionality), to dissemination plans and ethical gatekeeping. The paper critically reflects on inequities in the processes of knowledge production about conflict and fragility and the key ethical challenges that researchers encounter. It highlights the need for further guidance, support and accountability to ensure ethical research practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Managing On-Site Production Using an Activity and Flow–Based Construction Model.
- Author
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Garcia-Lopez, Nelly P. and Fischer, Martin
- Subjects
CONSTRUCTION projects ,PRODUCTION control ,LEAN construction ,PRODUCTION planning ,INTUITION ,COST estimates - Abstract
Schedule conformance depends on construction activities starting and finishing on time. However, construction activities are often delayed because construction flows necessary to start their execution are unavailable. Construction flows can be classified into: labor, equipment, workspace, materials, precedence, information, and external. Current construction models do not formally represent, measure, and track all flow types. Hence, field managers lack formal methods for managing flows and instead rely on their intuition and experience managing them. This paper presents a construction model based on activities and flows called the activity–flow model (AFM). The AFM formally represents the activities, the flows, and their interactions. The AFM was validated prospectively through its implementation on three building projects that were in different phases (foundations, core and shell, and finishing), at different geographic locations (Bogota, Copenhagen, and Lima), and used different planning and control methods (master schedule and weekly planning, last planner system, and location-based management system). The AFM was able to represent all the activities and flows in the test projects, track variations of activities and flows, and quantify activity and flow variability. Field managers can use the metrics enabled by the AFM to plan and control the project. Such proactive flow management can help field managers improve flow readiness, which should reduce activity delays and improve schedule conformance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Effects of a 3-factor field intervention on numerical and geometric knowledge in preschool children.
- Author
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Taborda-Osorio, Hernando and Otálora, Yenny
- Subjects
PRESCHOOL children ,INDUCTIVE effect ,CONTROL groups - Abstract
The main aim of this study was to develop and test the effects of a field math intervention program on both number and geometry knowledge. The intervention was developed based on three basic skills previously associated with mathematical performance: symbolic number knowledge, mapping processes and spatial reasoning. The participants were 117 preschoolers from six schools in Cali and Bogotá. The children were assigned to an intervention group (N = 55) or a control group (N = 62). The intervention lasted 11 weeks with 3 sessions per week where the children participated in different game-based activities. Tests of numerical and geometric knowledge were administered before and after the intervention. The effects of the intervention were tested twice, immediately after the program ended and six months later. The results show that the children in the intervention group improved more than the control group in both number and geometry. The second posttest revealed a significant intervention effect for geometry, but not for numerical knowledge. The implications of these mixed patterns of results are discussed in the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Effect of masculine eating and drinking beliefs on male consumers' concern with healthy eating and binge drinking.
- Author
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Luna-Cortes, Gonzalo and Aristizabal Cuellar, José Alejandro
- Subjects
BINGE drinking ,FOOD habits ,COMPULSIVE eating ,BINGE-eating disorder ,WEIGHT gain ,YOUNG consumers ,FOOD advertising - Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship of masculine eating/drinking beliefs on male consumers' concern with unhealthy eating/drinking habits and, in turn, with binge drinking. Additionally, this research tests if and how a change in these beliefs influences binge drinking intention and intention to eat unhealthy food. Design/methodology/approach: Three studies were conducted in Bogotá (Colombian males; convenience sampling). The purpose of Study 1 (N = 209) was to develop a scale to measure masculine eating/drinking beliefs. Study 2 (N = 191) tested the mediating role of concern with unhealthy eating/drinking habits in the relationship of masculine eating/drinking beliefs with binge drinking. Study 3 (N = 179) was an experimental study, which examined the effect of information about some negative consequences of masculine beliefs on the answers to the masculine eating/drinking beliefs inventory and, in turn, on binge drinking intention and intention to eat unhealthy food. Findings: A one-dimensional (eight-items) scale was developed and validated. The results of this paper show that masculine eating/drinking beliefs are associated with lower concern with unhealthy eating/drinking and, in turn, with higher binge drinking. Information that influences these beliefs leads to lower binge drinking and unhealthy food ingestion intentions. Research limitations/implications: This research presents the first scale that measures masculine eating/drinking beliefs. It provides initial evidence on how an intervention focused on the negative consequences of sexism can influence these beliefs, affecting binge drinking and overeating intentions. Practical implications: This research provides new findings on a topic associated with several health problems in many countries, including the effect on consumers' weight gaining and related illnesses. Originality/value: This research presents the first scale that measures masculine eating/drinking beliefs. It provides initial evidence about factors (through mediating variables) that link masculine eating/drinking beliefs with some unhealthy eating/drinking habits. In addition, the results show how information about some negative consequences of these beliefs can influence consumers' binge drinking and unhealthy food ingestion intentions, which leads to key recommendations for future interventions. As a result, this research provides new findings on a topic associated with several health problems in many countries, including the effect on consumers' weight gaining and related illnesses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. An updated estimation approach for SEIR models with stochastic perturbations: Application to COVID-19 data in Bogotá.
- Author
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Ríos-Gutiérrez, Andrés, Torres, Soledad, and Arunachalam, Viswanathan
- Subjects
STOCHASTIC models ,COVID-19 ,COVID-19 pandemic ,POPULATION dynamics ,EPIDEMICS - Abstract
This paper studies the updated estimation method for estimating the transmission rate changes over time. The models for the population dynamics under SEIR epidemic models with stochastic perturbations are analysed the dynamics of the COVID-19 pandemic in Bogotá, Colombia. We performed computational experiments to interpret COVID-19 dynamics using actual data for the proposed models. We estimate the model parameters and updated their estimates for reported infected and recovered data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Analysis of Quality Management, Industrial Safety and Environmental Performance in the Home Appliances Industries, Bogotá-Colombia.
- Author
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Gracia, Jeniffer, Acevedo, Paola, and Montenegro, Carlos
- Subjects
INDUSTRIAL safety ,HOUSEHOLD appliances industry ,MANUFACTURING processes ,ENVIRONMENTAL management ,QUALITY control - Abstract
The present paper identifies environmental and industrial safety aspects generated during the production processes of two home appliances companies located in Bogotá. Essential quality tools were used, such as the Deming cycle and some of the seven (7) quality control tools, since it allows a more specific and complete approach to industrial problems. In addition, there is a methodology used to generate preventive strategies in these companies that mitigate workers' health and safety effects and optimize resources, raw materials, and costs (López, 2016). The analysis results evidenced that the companies generate a high environmental impact despite the controls that the department of environmental management takes. The two companies are producing a total of annual waste, reported as follows: 1.188 t that are usable, 1.45 t of non-usable, 2.85t of hazardous matters, 3.15t of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE), as well as NOX, CO2 and VOC atmospheric emissions. Consequently, the environment and the health of workers are affected. In addition, the tools applied demonstrated that the final waste has correct disposal. Finally, the opportunities for business improvement in occupational safety and health and environmental management systems were proposed (Gracia et al, 2018). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Reputation based on internal capabilities: The case of small enterprises within the Colombian orange economy.
- Author
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Cuero-Acosta, Yonni Angel, Amado-Mateus, Marelby, Ricardo Torralba Barreto, Daniel, and Castiblanco-Moreno, Suelen Emilia
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SMALL business ,REPUTATION ,BUSINESSPEOPLE ,CULTURAL pluralism ,MULTIVARIATE analysis ,ORANGES - Abstract
This study seeks to understand how micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) can be innovative while developing their reputation. In doing so, this study focuses on companies classified as promoters of Colombia's "orange economy," which relates to the country's cultural and creative diversity. Firms with a non-technological emphasis also require knowledge, innovation, and reputation to perform better. In this regard, the study is based on the work of Hormiga and Garcia-Almeida (2016) who proposed the relationship between accumulated knowledge and innovation as background of reputation. In this paper, the purpose is to understand the internal reputation-building process carried out by MSMEs and the variables that intervene. Therefore, this research accounts for how MSMEs can build their reputation through innovation and accumulated knowledge. For this, a survey was conducted in 320 orange economy MSMEs located in Bogotá, Colombia, and the relationship of these variables was statistically tested through a quantitative analysis of multivariate data. Innovation was found to not impact the performance of companies, but this can be associated to factors that were not considered in this research. However, it is proposed to refine the original model by considering the manager's perspective. It is recommended that entrepreneurs invest resources in accumulating internal (tacit) knowledge to improve skills that enhance reputation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Spatial Analysis of Heavy Metal Pollution in Road-Deposited Sediments Based on the Traffic Intensity of a Megacity.
- Author
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Goya-Heredia, Angélica Vanessa, Zafra-Mejía, Carlos Alfonso, and Rondón-Quintana, Hugo Alexander
- Subjects
HEAVY metal toxicology ,ANALYSIS of heavy metals ,MEGALOPOLIS ,SEDIMENTS ,CITIES & towns ,ECOLOGICAL risk assessment - Abstract
Population growth has led to the intensification of average daily traffic (ADT), highlighting vehicles as one of the major sources of heavy metal (HM) pollution in cities. The objective of this paper is to conduct a spatial analysis of the HM pollution associated with road-deposited sediments (RDSs), based on the ADT observed in the main roads of a Latin American megacity (Bogotá, Colombia). The following risk indices were considered: Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), Integrated Pollution Index (IPI), Ecological Risk Index (ERI), Comprehensive Potential Ecological Risk Index (CERI), Hazard Index (HI), and Carcinogenic Risk Index (CRI). The findings confirm that a size fraction < 250 μm is the most suitable for studying the risk of HMs in the RDS from the indices considered. The best HMs indicative of the relationship with ADT are Ni, Cu, and Pb. The Pb is the HM of most attention, and Cr gains positions for its toxicity level during the evaluation of ecological, non-carcinogenic, and carcinogenic risks, respectively. Finally, the linear regression models developed between ADT and each of the risk indices considered have a better fit (R
2 > 0.910) compared to the linear regression models developed between ADT and HM concentrations (R2 > 0.322). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. ALGUNAS EXPLICACIONES SOBRE LA ACCIÓN DE VER OBJETOS OPACOS RESULTADO DE EXPERIENCIAS CON ESTUDIANTES DE GRADO UNDÉCIMO.
- Author
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Aldana Boada, Marlon Camilo and Hernández Sepúlveda, Lina Del Pilar
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VIRTUAL classrooms ,REFRACTION (Optics) ,SCIENCE education ,MOMENTS method (Statistics) ,OPTICAL reflection - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Góndola, Enseñanza y Aprendizaje de las Ciencias is the property of Gondola, Ensenanza y Aprendizaje de las Ciencias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
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11. Comparación de los patrones espaciales de la segregación residencial y su relación con la movilidad cotidiana en las principales aglomeraciones urbanas de Colombia: Bogotá, Medellín y Cali.
- Author
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Mayorga Henao, José Mario
- Subjects
RESIDENTIAL segregation ,QUALITY of life ,INDUSTRIAL clusters ,SOCIAL groups ,RESIDENTIAL patterns ,COMPARATIVE studies - Abstract
Copyright of Territorios: Revista de Estudios Regionales y Urbanos is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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12. Pandemia y educación superior. Impactos de las estrategias sincrónicas.
- Author
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Gómez-Navas, Diana, Garzón-Chiriví, Omar, and Molano-Camargo, Frank
- Subjects
DISTANCE education ,ACADEMIC achievement ,HIGHER education ,SOCIAL services ,FATIGUE (Physiology) - Abstract
Copyright of Educación y Ciudad is the property of Instituto para la Investigacion Educativa y Desarrollo Pedagogico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
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13. El nivel educativo en su papel mediador en la discriminación observada por orientación sexual.
- Author
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Barragán Moreno, Sandra Patricia and González Támara, Leandro
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SOCIAL groups ,DECISION trees ,EDUCATIONAL attainment ,CITIZENS ,ECONOMIC status ,HOMOPHOBIA ,AGE groups ,PEASANTS ,SEX discrimination - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Colombiana de Sociologia is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias Humanas, Departamento de Sociologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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14. Estimación de las emisiones de material particulado generado por el transporte público en Bogotá mediante la dinámica de sistemas.
- Author
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Gelves Alarcón, Óscar Mauricio, Sanabria Cruz, Paula Alejandra, Solano, Xilene Lidice Guerrero, and Garzón González, Andrea Daniela
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PUBLIC transit ,PARTICULATE matter ,AIR pollution ,POLLUTANTS ,DYNAMICAL systems - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Avances: Investigación en Ingeniería is the property of Universidad Libre, Facultad de Ingenieria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
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15. SYNTRICHIA PAP ILLOSA (WILSON EX SPRUCE) SPRUCE (POTTIACEAE) IN COLOMBIA.
- Author
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Aponte, Angélica M., Gallego, M. Teresa, and Cano, María J.
- Subjects
BOTANICAL specimens ,BIOLOGICAL specimens ,BOTANY ,HERBARIA ,SPRUCE ,NATURAL history museums ,BOTANICAL gardens ,PHOTOGRAPHS - Abstract
Copyright of Boletín de la Sociedad Argentina de Botánica is the property of Sociedad Argentina de Botanica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
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16. Hábitos de compra y consumo de alimentos durante las cuarentenas por covid-19 en Bogotá.
- Author
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Acevedo-Navas, Christian and Osorio-Romero, María Angelica
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HEALTH behavior ,CONSUMER behavior ,COVID-19 pandemic ,FOOD consumption ,CONSUMPTION (Economics) ,ONLINE shopping - Abstract
Copyright of Innovar: Revista de Ciencias Administrativas y Sociales is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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17. Maintenance, Care, and Repair of a Communal Architecture in Trou ble: The Disassembling.
- Author
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Morado, Candela
- Subjects
ETHNOGRAPHIC analysis - Abstract
This paper attempts to ethnographically reflect on how material vulnerability is conceived and considered in practices of communal sustenance of architectures in trouble. Drawing on theories of maintenance, care, and repair, we will dwell on the learnings cultivated during a socio-material process that unfolded in response to the burning of a communal library in the southern periphery of the city of Bogotá. The collective practices of sustenance deployed to take care of the threatened architecture help us bring to the forefront questions of (I) distributed agency and ecology of practices; (II) unanticipated future and alternative temporalities; (III) creative and generative responses to damage or conflict; as well as (V) tentative and (IV) ‘opening of black boxes’ methods. Through the ethnographic analysis of the disassembling process, we will problematize the socio-material ecosystems needed to sustain lives in a ‘broken world’. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Proposal and validation of an industry 4.0 maturity model for SMEs.
- Author
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Ávila-Bohórquez, John Henry and de Jesús Gil-Herrera, Richard
- Subjects
QUALITY of service ,INDUSTRY 4.0 ,PRIVATE sector ,SOCIAL impact - Abstract
Purpose: This paper seeks to establish an Industry 4.0 maturity model for manufacturing SMEs. This research presents the characteristics of the proposed model, which takes the elements and the scope of the fourth industrial revolution, as well as the dimensions and assessment scales of some maturity models already applied. Likewise, this document shows the modeling process and the model's validation in SMEs in the city of Bogotá-Colombia. Design/methodology/approach: To determine the criteria of the maturity model, 6 major stages have been established: Literature Review, Development of the model; Validation of the model; Application of the model; Data analysis; and Conclusion and Recommendations. Findings: Considering the validation of some maturity models shown in the literature review, and aligned with the purpose of this article, 8 dimensions have been established to measure the maturity level of SMEs: Service; Operations; Quality; Products; Documented information-Big Data; Leadership and strategy; Communication; and Culture and people. A model has been generated that allows evaluating the degree of compliance in each dimension for manufacturing SMEs. The model can be applied to companies in any industry. Also, it can determine the degree of implementation compliance of companies in the same sector. Research limitations/implications: According to the literature reviewed, SMEs, especially those in Latin America, still do not have a culture of applying the elements of Industry 4.0. Therefore, in the research, it was not easy to understand the intrinsic variables of Industry 4.0 that SMEs have applied in different areas, which does not allow us to have the current context of SMEs and from that perspective to have a better simulation of the business model maturity. Practical implications: The model presented in this document serves as a basis for SMEs in Latin America to establish a baseline measurement in relation to the application of Industry 4.0 elements in companies. Social implications: What is intended with this work is to frame a baseline so that companies can understand their current maturity level in terms that industry 4.0 could cover. Likewise, they can generate actions for the appropriation of new technologies that allow them to be more competitive. This document can be taken and applied by those entrepreneurs companies who wish to measure their operations. Originality/value: The essential point for the generation of the maturity level measurement model is focused on determining the necessary dimensions on which the evaluation is based. In the literature found, most models focus their dimensions on measuring the digital in their processes and tangentially evaluate the organizational structure and the relationship between them. Additionally, the authors who address the organization as a whole do not reveal the details for SMEs to self-evaluate. The models found have only been implemented to evaluate one company alone or individually. This model presents the core dimensions holistically and explicitly, taking important criteria such as quality, service, communication, and the culture of all employees. Additionally, it shows in detail the model that allows SMEs of the manufacturing sector to self-assess themselves in each dimension and in turn the degree of the business sector in which they are or belong. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Competencia comunicativa, oral y escrita, en estudiantes de ciencias de la salud de una universidad de Bogotá D. C., Colombia.
- Author
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Chaparro Serrano, María Fernanda
- Subjects
WRITTEN communication ,NONVERBAL communication ,ORAL communication ,MEDICAL personnel ,CLASSROOM activities ,COMMUNICATIVE competence ,READING comprehension - Abstract
Copyright of Educar is the property of Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Servei de Publicacions and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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20. Peripheral neuropathy in leprosy: Clinical manifestations and disability in a Colombian national referral center.
- Author
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Trujillo-Ramirez, Laura, Alejandra Palacios-Ariza, María, Pradilla, Ivan, and Arturo Gamboa, Luis
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SYMPTOMS ,HANSEN'S disease ,PERIPHERAL neuropathy ,CHILDREN with disabilities ,CARPAL tunnel syndrome ,TIBIAL nerve ,MEDIAN nerve - Abstract
To aim of the paper was to describe the neurological features of the physical examination in patients with Hansen's disease who were treated in Bogotá, Colombia. We carried out a descriptive study of all patients with a Hansen's disease diagnosis treated at a referral center between 2003-2018. There were 327 eligible electronic health records (EHRs) with a final sample of 282 subjects. Leprosy was most common in males (57.45%), median age at the diagnosis was 54 years, and lesions of the lower limbs were more common (75.1%). The median time from disease onset to consult was 12 months. Most of them were classified as having lepromatous leprosy (39.7%). Pain over the median nerve trunk was the most common manifestation of disease (28%), followed by pain over the radial trunk (22%). Sensitive alterations were more common than motor ones. Specifically, the posterior tibial nerve was affected in nearly half of subjects. Dual impairment was more common in the ulnar nerve (13.8%). Some disability was apparent in 23.8% of subjects; predominantly grade 1 disability. Findings regarding age, leprosy type, and the frequency of individual nerve compromise were consistent with reports from other countries. Nerve trunk thickening was infrequent, which might be a consequence of subjectiveness in the examination and sample differences in sex distribution, degree of disability and time since disease onset. The frequency of morbidity and disability found in this sample, though low when compared with other series, fails to meet public health goals, including those limiting disability in younger subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Assignment and routing model for the planning of fruit and vegetable supply operations in the southern part of Bogota.
- Author
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Herrera Ochoa, Óscar Javier and Orjuela Castro, Javier Arturo
- Subjects
FOOD supply management ,FOOD supply ,FOOD security ,FRUIT ,MATHEMATICAL programming ,INTEGER programming - Abstract
Copyright of Ingeniería Solidaria is the property of Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
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22. Discutindo o afroempreendedorismo:reflexões sobre o conceito a partir doscasos brasileiro e colombiano.
- Author
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Amartine, Daniela Nunesde and Lustosa Queiroz, Marcos Vinícius
- Subjects
ANTI-racism ,BLACK people ,CONCEPTUAL structures ,RACE relations ,BUSINESSPEOPLE ,COMMERCIAL law ,RACIAL inequality - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Direito GV is the property of Fundacao Getulio Vargas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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23. Stochastic modeling, analysis, and simulation of the COVID-19 pandemic with explicit behavioral changes in Bogotá: A case study.
- Author
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Niño-Torres, David, Ríos-Gutiárrez, András, Arunachalam, Viswanathan, Ohajunwa, Comfort, and Seshaiyer, Padmanabhan
- Subjects
STOCHASTIC models ,COVID-19 pandemic ,BEHAVIOR modification ,EPIDEMIOLOGICAL models ,BROWNIAN motion - Abstract
In this paper, a stochastic epidemiological model is presented as an extension of a compartmental SEIR model with random perturbations to analyze the dynamics of the COVID-19 pandemic in the city of Bogotá D.C., Colombia. This model incorporates the spread of COVID-19 impacted by social behaviors in the population and allows for projecting the number of infected, recovered, and deceased individuals considering the mitigation measures, namely confinement and partial relaxed restrictions. Also, the role of randomness using the concept of Brownian motion is emphasized to explain the behavior of the population. Computational experiments for the stochastic model with random perturbations were performed, and the model is validated through numerical simulations for actual data from Bogotá D.C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Should a Human Rights-Based Approach to the Homeless be used in the Neoliberal City? Case Study in Bogotá, Colombia.
- Author
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Escobar Correa, Cristina
- Subjects
URBAN renewal ,HOMELESS persons ,HOMELESSNESS ,LOCAL government ,URBAN beautification ,PUBLIC opinion ,PUBLIC spaces ,NEOLIBERALISM ,CONSTITUTIONAL courts - Abstract
Copyright of Latin American Law Review is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
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25. CSR IN RESTAURANTS: ANALISIS OF A STUDY CASE IN BOGOTA, COLOMBIA.
- Author
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TELLEZ-BEDOYA, CARLOS-ARTURO and RAMOS PINEDA, CAMILO ANDRÉS
- Subjects
RESTAURANTS ,RESTAURATEURS ,SOCIAL responsibility of business ,GASTRONOMY ,CONTENT analysis ,SUSTAINABILITY ,INDUSTRIAL management ,SOCIAL change ,ECONOMIC change - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Criterio Libre is the property of Revista Criterio Libre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
26. Estructura urbana y condiciones de movilidad en las periferias populares de Lima y Bogotá: desafíos y método de análisis.
- Author
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Robert, Jérémy, Gouëset, Vincent, Demoraes, Florent, Vega Centeno, Pablo, Pereyra, Omar, Luisa Flechas, Ana, Lucas, Maëlle, Moreno Luna, Carlos, Mauricio Moreno, Milton, Felipe Pardo, Carlos, Pinzón Rueda, Jorge Andrés, Prieto, Germán, Sáenz Acosta, Hernando, and Ricardo Villar-Uribe, José
- Subjects
SUSTAINABILITY ,URBAN planning ,METROPOLIS ,COMPARATIVE studies - Abstract
Copyright of Territorios: Revista de Estudios Regionales y Urbanos is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. ¿Cómo debe ser la educación de Bogotá en los próximos años? Lo que sugiere la Ciudadanía y la Misión de Educadores y Sabiduría Ciudadana.
- Author
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Bonilla-Seba, Edna Cristina, Vernaza-Lotero, Juliana, and Castaño-Hernández, María Alejandra
- Subjects
EDUCATION ministers ,URBAN schools ,FOCUS groups ,GOVERNMENT policy ,PARTICIPATION - Abstract
Copyright of Educación y Ciudad is the property of Instituto para la Investigacion Educativa y Desarrollo Pedagogico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Espíritu bolivariano y anhelo legalista. El papel de Colombia en la Sociedad de las Naciones.
- Author
-
Palamara, Graziano
- Subjects
POWER (Social sciences) ,COUNTRIES ,PARTICIPATION ,PEACEBUILDING - Abstract
Copyright of Confluenze. Rivista di Studi Iberoamericani is the property of Universita di Bologna, Dipartimento di Lingue, Letterature e Culture Moderne and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. UNA INTERVENCIÓN PARA MEJORAR LA COMPETENCIA MEDIÁTICA E INFORMACIONAL.
- Author
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Cuervo-Sánchez, Sandra Liliana, Martínez-de-Morentin, Juan Ignacio, and Medrano-Samaniego, Concepción
- Subjects
INFORMATION literacy ,PRE-tests & post-tests ,MEDIA literacy ,EDUCATIONAL intervention ,MANUFACTURING processes ,ADOLESCENT psychology ,COMPULSORY education ,FACTORIAL experiment designs - Abstract
Copyright of Educación XX1 is the property of Editorial UNED and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Industria 4.0: el reto para las pymes manufactureras de Bogotá, Colombia.
- Author
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Ladino Fernández, Jessica Marcela, Briceño Barrero, Diana Liseth, and Rodríguez Rojas, Luz Andrea
- Subjects
INDUSTRY 4.0 ,SMALL business ,HOSPITAL closures ,COVID-19 pandemic ,EDUCATION & training services industry ,MANUFACTURING industries ,INVESTMENT software ,ELECTRONIC data processing - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Mutis is the property of Revista Mutis and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. The Understanding and Function of Spirituality in an Older Woman's Life.
- Author
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Mafla Terán, Nelson and Acero Montañez, José Ricardo
- Subjects
OLDER women ,LIFE ,SPIRITUALITY ,CHRISTIAN spirituality ,RELIGIOUS educators ,FIELD research ,GOD in Christianity ,GODS ,WOMEN'S roles ,GERIATRIC Depression Scale - Abstract
Copyright of Theologica Xaveriana is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. A Bibliometric Analysis and Benchmark of Machine Learning and AutoML in Crash Severity Prediction: The Case Study of Three Colombian Cities.
- Author
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Angarita-Zapata, Juan S., Maestre-Gongora, Gina, and Calderín, Jenny Fajardo
- Subjects
MACHINE learning ,BIBLIOGRAPHIC databases ,ROAD construction ,BIBLIOMETRICS ,TRAFFIC flow ,SUPERVISED learning ,RANDOM forest algorithms - Abstract
Traffic accidents are of worldwide concern, as they are one of the leading causes of death globally. One policy designed to cope with them is the design and deployment of road safety systems. These aim to predict crashes based on historical records, provided by new Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, to enhance traffic flow management and promote safer roads. Increasing data availability has helped machine learning (ML) to address the prediction of crashes and their severity. The literature reports numerous contributions regarding survey papers, experimental comparisons of various techniques, and the design of new methods at the point where crash severity prediction (CSP) and ML converge. Despite such progress, and as far as we know, there are no comprehensive research articles that theoretically and practically approach the model selection problem (MSP) in CSP. Thus, this paper introduces a bibliometric analysis and experimental benchmark of ML and automated machine learning (AutoML) as a suitable approach to automatically address the MSP in CSP. Firstly, 2318 bibliographic references were consulted to identify relevant authors, trending topics, keywords evolution, and the most common ML methods used in related-case studies, which revealed an opportunity for the use AutoML in the transportation field. Then, we compared AutoML (AutoGluon, Auto-sklearn, TPOT) and ML (CatBoost, Decision Tree, Extra Trees, Gradient Boosting, Gaussian Naive Bayes, Light Gradient Boosting Machine, Random Forest) methods in three case studies using open data portals belonging to the cities of Medellín, Bogotá, and Bucaramanga in Colombia. Our experimentation reveals that AutoGluon and CatBoost are competitive and robust ML approaches to deal with various CSP problems. In addition, we concluded that general-purpose AutoML effectively supports the MSP in CSP without developing domain-focused AutoML methods for this supervised learning problem. Finally, based on the results obtained, we introduce challenges and research opportunities that the community should explore to enhance the contributions that ML and AutoML can bring to CSP and other transportation areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Gestión poblacional canina y felina en el marco One Welfare: Una mirada retrospectiva Bogotá 2004 a 2021.
- Author
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Estepa-Becerra, José A., Cajiao-Pachón, María N., and Monsalve-Bar, Stefany
- Subjects
- *
ANIMAL health , *ANIMAL populations , *SLAUGHTERING , *PRIVATE sector , *PUBLIC sector , *CATS , *PETS - Abstract
Objective. To analyze the population management of dogs and cats in Bogota between 2004 and 2021 within the “One Welfare” framework. Materials and Methods. This is a retrospective, descriptive study that includes an analysis of public and private interventions related to the sterilization, adoption, and slaughter of companion animals, discriminating by location, species, sex, and sector (public or private). The available information was organized using Excel®, with a descriptive analysis and results expressed in frequencies, proportions, and rates. Results. Between 2004 and 2021, 750.949 cats and dogs were sterilized in the public sector and 217.276 in the private sector; 22.126 were adopted through the district adoption program, 101.165 animals were slaughtered, of which 8.8% were cats; after the year 2005 cats were included in the population estimates and after 2014 information was collected from private veterinarians (sterilization) who contributed with the 29% of the total number of interventions. Conclusions. The population growth of animals demands health, policies, and environmental attention, and its ethical management must be kept, although it should be complemented with actions from various sources where these animals live. The One Welfare approach is a method that recognizes the interconnections between animal, human, and environmental welfare and facilitates interdisciplinary collaboration to improve their welfare, as well as complements and communicates with One Health. This paper contributes, therefore, by presenting in an organized and compared way the available management statistics, for the decision-makers and the interested community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Índice de precariedad laboral en Colombia: una construcción teórica y analítica partir de microdatos.
- Author
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Astorquiza Bustos, Bilver Adrián, Aguirre Bernal, Enmanuel, and Bravo Bolaño, Kevin
- Subjects
JOB security ,FUZZY sets ,SOCIAL security ,HOUSEHOLD surveys ,PRECARIOUS employment ,WOMEN engineers ,WOMEN employees ,MEDICAL technologists - Abstract
Copyright of Mexican Journal of Economics & Finance / Revista Mexicana de Economia y Finanzas is the property of Instituto Mexicano de Ejecutivos de Finanzas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Impact of the COVID 19 pandemic on the student's academic performance at the School of Engineering - Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá Campus.
- Author
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Esperanza Monroy-Varela, Sonia, Eduardo Gallego-Vega, Luis, Javier Amórtegui-Gil, Francisco, Marcela Vega-Herrera, Jenny, and Díaz-Morales, Hernando
- Subjects
- *
COVID-19 pandemic , *ACADEMIC achievement , *ENGINEERING students , *ENGINEERING schools , *STUDENTS , *ECONOMIC impact of disease , *INCOME - Abstract
This paper analyzes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the student's academic performance in the School of Engineering at Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Bogota Campus. The impact is assessed from a quantitative approach based on (i) student's grades, (ii) student's progress in their curriculum and (iii) dropped courses. In addition, results from a faculty survey (qualitative approach) are presented to expand some explanatory perspectives on the main academic changes during the pandemic. Results show a significant increase in the average numerical grade as well as in the probability of a course being dropped during the pandemic conditions. Furthermore, the student's average curriculum progress per semester grew approximately 18%. A differentiated academic impact, depending on sex and family income was observed which may be included in future post-pandemic programs. The survey reflects a new faculty's perspective on evaluation tools and methodologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Análisis de la eficiencia de centros comerciales, a través del análisis envolvente de datos.
- Author
-
Orjuela Ramírez, Daniel Felipe, Reyes Parga, María Alejandra, and Uribe Macías, Mario Enrique
- Subjects
DATA envelopment analysis ,SHOPPING centers ,MARKETING management ,INVESTMENT management ,SHOPPING malls - Abstract
Copyright of Revista Facultad de Ciencias Economicas: Investigacion y Reflexion is the property of Revista Facultad de Ciencias Economicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. CBR cíclico como método alternativo para la determinación del módulo resiliente en suelos blandos de subrasante.
- Author
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Bojacá Torres, Diana Carolina and Campagnoli Martínez, Sandra Ximena
- Subjects
SOIL structure ,RESEARCH personnel ,TEST methods ,URBAN lakes ,SOILS ,CLAY - Abstract
Copyright of Ciencia e Ingenieria Neogranadina is the property of Ciencia e Ingenieria Neogranadina and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Ruta form at, va: hacia la configuración de una cultura de sostenibilidad ambiental.
- Author
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Muñoz-Montilla, Alba Nubia
- Subjects
- *
GREEN behavior , *IDENTITY (Psychology) , *ARTICULATION (Education) , *ENVIRONMENTAL education , *INTERDISCIPLINARY education , *SUSTAINABILITY , *ENVIRONMENTAL sciences - Abstract
This study aimed to transfer the pedagogy of environmental education, which reinforces pro-environmental behaviors, to everyday settings by adopting a conceptual and methodological approach. For this purpose, a training path was implemented with the educational community of the Colegio Jorge Gaitán Cortés in Bogotá, Colombia. Five groups of pedagogical interventions were performed there: (1) resignification of relationships with the environment through interpretive tours, (2) inter-institutional articulation for environmental education, (3) curricular focus on environmentally relevant behaviors, (4) implementation of environmental volunteering, and (5) institutional actions for environmental sustainability. This paper also reviews other studies in this field that revolve around three perspectives: environmental education to generate pro-environmental cultural behaviors and practices, the concept of educating city, and the interdisciplinary study of environmental aspects. The results indicate that pedagogic actions should be transferred to the immediate environment and the everyday lives of the educational community. In addition, experiential and cognitive approaches can be combined to encourage the socio-environmental acknowledgement of environmentally friendly spaces in the city, identity formation, and the establishment of bonds with the territory. The pedagogical emphasis on pro-environmental actions enabled students to come up with solutions to problems that are relevant to them. The path towards the construction of a culture of environmental sustainability and, particularly, the consolidation of the achievements of pedagogical interventions require medium and long-term processes that influence the habits and lifestyle of the members of the educational community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Evolución del trazador en los flujos naturales descrita por la función de estado Φ(U, E, t): análisis de las funciones asociadas y su aplicación a casos prácticos.
- Author
-
Contaín, Alfredo and Peña-Guzmán, Carlos
- Subjects
NONEQUILIBRIUM thermodynamics ,THERMODYNAMIC potentials ,FLOW velocity ,WATER pollution ,HISTORIC districts - Abstract
Copyright of Tecnología y Ciencias del Agua is the property of Instituto Mexicano de Tecnologia del Agua (IMTA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Panel data approach: macroeconomic variables and first enrollment in private higher education institutions in Colombia.
- Author
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Ortega, José Torres, Rosa, Jorge Ortega De La, and Isaza, Yeimmy Ilias
- Subjects
HIGHER education ,UNIVERSITIES & colleges ,PRIVATE schools ,PANEL analysis ,ECONOMETRIC models ,DEVALUATION of currency - Abstract
This paper investigates the macroeconomic determinants of first enrollment in private higher education institutions, as a dependent variable, for 21 Departments of Colombia plus the capital city of Bogotá from 2005 to 2020. The bases of the human capital theory were contrasted with the empirical evidence for the case studied, and the effect of currency devaluation represents a new contribution to the literature. We used the Prais-Winsten methodology with corrected standard errors and first-order autocorrelation correction to estimate the econometric model. The results suggest that favorable variations in GDP, wage expectations, and population positively impact the dependent variable. However, the devaluation of the Colombian peso against the US dollar, represented in the trm variable, has a negative effect, i.e., the devaluation of the peso would lead to a reduction in the dependent variable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Analysis of Academic Data to Group Students According to Their Academic Risk.
- Author
-
Leal Péreza, Kevin Andrés and López-Kleineb, Liliana
- Subjects
DATA analysis ,AT-risk students ,UNDERGRADUATES ,CLUSTER analysis (Statistics) ,STUDENTS - Abstract
Copyright of Colombian Journal of Statistics / Revista Colombiana de Estadística is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Gendered Subjectivities in English Classrooms: A Critically Queered Examination of Sex-Segregated Education.
- Author
-
Sierra-Gordillo, Javier
- Subjects
SOCIOLINGUISTICS ,HETEROSEXUALITY ,FEMINISM ,SUBJECTIVITY ,FEMINIST theory ,CONVERSATION analysis ,POWER (Social sciences) - Abstract
Copyright of Profile: Issues in Teachers' Professional Development is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias Humanas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Sexual health beliefs and prevention of sexually transmitted infections among cisgender women sex workers in Colombia.
- Author
-
Perdomo Sandoval, Luis Albeiro and Goberna-Tricas, Josefina
- Subjects
HIV prevention ,SEXUALLY transmitted diseases ,SEX workers ,SEX discrimination against women ,WOMEN employees ,SEXUAL health - Abstract
Introduction: The stigma and social discrimination against cisgender women sex workers lead many of them to live in conditions characterized by social inequality, marginalization, persecution, and limited opportunities for sexual health literacy. Consequently, they are often compelled to establish a framework of preventive beliefs with little scientific validity, which they use to identify, mitigate, or avoid sexual health risks arising from their interactions with clients. This study investigates the sexual health beliefs that influence self-care practices aimed at preventing sexually transmitted infections among cisgender women sex workers in Colombia. Methods: We conducted a qualitative study framed in Hermeneutic Phenomenology. In-depth interviews and discussion groups were conducted with 34 cisgender women sex workers over 18 years of age in the center of the cities of Bogotá and Barranquilla in Colombia. Results: Seven themes emerged from the reflective and inductive thematic analysis of the narratives: (1) popular habits for the prevention of contagion, (2) ocular assessment of genitals, (3) condom lubrication, (4) suspicion of a hidden infection in the client, (5) saliva and oral contact as a source of contagion, (6) avoidance of semen contact, (7) and trust in God as protection. Conclusions: The findings reflect the need for health and social professionals to promote participatory and inclusive cooperation with sex workers to update the framework of preventive beliefs that help them guide sexual health self-care with autonomy and self-efficacy, strengthening favorable beliefs and negotiating unfavorable ones. It is also essential to have a sex worker-informed sexual health policy that guides the promotion of sexual health that is sensitive to the needs and consistent with the risks of sex work and ensures friendly and non-oppressive preventive care environments for sex workers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Prediction of pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical expenditures associated with Diabetes Mellitus type II based on clinical risk.
- Author
-
Gonzalez-Rodriguez, Javier-Leonardo, Franco, Carlos, Pinzón-Espitia, Olga, Caballer, Vicent, Alfonso-Lizarazo, Edgar, and Augusto, Vincent
- Subjects
TYPE 2 diabetes ,MACHINE learning ,STANDARD deviations ,TYPE 2 diabetes diagnosis - Abstract
Objective: To assess the effectiveness of different machine learning models in estimating the pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical expenditures associated with Diabetes Mellitus type II diagnosis, based on the clinical risk index determined by the analysis of comorbidities. Materials and methods: In this cross-sectional study, we have used data from 11,028 anonymized records of patients admitted to a high-complexity hospital in Bogota, Colombia between 2017–2019 with a primary diagnosis of Diabetes. These cases were classified according to Charlson's comorbidity index in several risk categories. The main variables analyzed in this study are hospitalization costs (which include pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical expenditures), age, gender, length of stay, medicines and services consumed, and comorbidities assessed by the Charlson's index. The model's dependent variable is expenditure (composed of pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical expenditures). Based on these variables, different machine learning models (Multivariate linear regression, Lasso model, and Neural Networks) were used to estimate the pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical expenditures associated with the clinical risk classification. To evaluate the performance of these models, different metrics were used: Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), Mean Squared Error (MSE), Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and Coefficient of Determination (R
2 ). Results: The results indicate that the Neural Networks model performed better in terms of accuracy in predicting pharmaceutical and non-pharmaceutical expenditures considering the clinical risk based on Charlson's comorbidity index. A deeper understanding and experimentation with Neural Networks can improve these preliminary results, therefore we can also conclude that the main variables used and those that were proposed can be used as predictors for the medical expenditures of patients with diabetes type-II. Conclusions: With the increase of technology elements and tools, it is possible to build models that allow decision-makers in hospitals to improve the resource planning process given the accuracy obtained with the different models tested. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Citizen-Led Environmental Governance: Regulating Urban Wetlands in South America.
- Author
-
Herrera, Veronica
- Subjects
CITIZENS ,WETLANDS ,HABITATS ,FLOOD control ,DEVELOPING countries ,PUBLIC shaming ,SOCIAL movements - Abstract
Wetlands provide ecosystem services such as flood protection, improved water quality, and wildlife habitat, but are under attack in urban land-use conflicts in the Global South. This article presents two cases of local wetlands governance conflicts in Colombia (Humedal la Conejera, Bogotá, Cundinamarca) and Argentina (Laguna de Rocha, Esteban Echeverría, Gran Buenos Aires) to illustrate divergent pathways toward improved environmental governance via citizen pressures: the collaborative method (Bogotá) and the adversarial method (Buenos Aires). While existing scholarship on citizen-led regulation stresses the importance of collaboration between community organizations and the state, this article argues that adversarial tactics are also a key component of environmental governance. In both cases, citizen-led pressures led to increased enforcement of regulatory measures to restore wetlands and gain protected-area status. Citizen-led governance involved adversarial strategies such as marches, litigation, and shaming and blaming in the media, as well as collaborative strategies such as creating broad-based educational forums, working inside city government, and partnering directly with public institutions to set new policies. Against the backdrop of extensive collusion between elected officials and land developers, citizen-led subnational environmental governance has become the regulatory regime of last resort in urban Latin America. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Colombian Teachers’ Network on STEM: Approaching Concepts and Strategies for Collaborative Work and Educational Innovation.
- Author
-
GARCÍA CADENA, Heidy Natalia
- Subjects
TEACHER development ,EDUCATIONAL innovations ,CAREER development ,SECONDARY school teachers ,HIGH school teachers ,PRIMARY school teachers - Abstract
Copyright of Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai, Psychologia-Paedagogia is the property of Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Translating global evidence into local implementation through technical assistance: a realist evaluation of the Bloomberg philanthropies initiative for global Road safety.
- Author
-
Neill, Rachel, Hernández, Angélica López, Koon, Adam D., and Bachani, Abdulgafoor M.
- Subjects
ROAD safety measures ,TECHNICAL assistance ,DIFFUSION of innovations theory ,ROAD users ,PUBLIC opinion - Abstract
Background: Traffic-related crashes are a leading cause of premature death and disability. The safe systems approach is an evidence-informed set of innovations to reduce traffic-related injuries and deaths. First developed in Sweden, global health actors are adapting the model to improve road safety in low- and middle-income countries via technical assistance (TA) programs; however, there is little evidence on road safety TA across contexts. This study investigated how, why, and under what conditions technical assistance influenced evidence-informed road safety in Accra (Ghana), Bogotá (Colombia), and Mumbai (India), using a case study of the Bloomberg Philanthropies Initiative for Global Road Safety (BIGRS). Methods: We conducted a realist evaluation with a multiple case study design to construct a program theory. Key informant interviews were conducted with 68 government officials, program staff, and other stakeholders. Documents were utilized to trace the evolution of the program. We used a retroductive analysis approach, drawing on the diffusion of innovation theory and guided by the context-mechanism-outcome approach to realist evaluation. Results: TA can improve road safety capabilities and increase the uptake of evidence-informed interventions. Hands-on capacity building tailored to specific implementation needs improved implementers' understanding of new approaches. BIGRS generated novel, city-specific analytics that shifted the focus toward vulnerable road users. BIGRS and city officials launched pilots that brought evidence-informed approaches. This built confidence by demonstrating successful implementation and allowing government officials to gauge public perception. But pilots had to scale within existing city and national contexts. City champions, governance structures, existing political prioritization, and socio-cultural norms influenced scale-up. Conclusion: The program theory emphasizes the interaction of trust, credibility, champions and their authority, governance structures, political prioritization, and the implement-ability of international evidence in creating the conditions for road safety change. BIGRS continues to be a vehicle for improving road safety at scale and developing coalitions that assist governments in fulfilling their role as stewards of population well-being. Our findings improve understanding of the complex role of TA in translating evidence-informed interventions to country-level implementation and emphasize the importance of context-sensitive TA to increase impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Conciencia histórica e interés en la historia de los estudiantes colombianos y españoles de educación secundaria.
- Author
-
Ibagón Martín, Nilson Javier and Miralles Martínez, Pedro
- Subjects
- *
HISTORY education , *SECONDARY school students , *LIKERT scale , *SPANISH-speaking students , *COMPULSORY education , *HISTORY of education , *CITIES & towns , *SECONDARY school curriculum , *EFFECTIVE teaching - Abstract
This paper presents the results of a comparative study that seeks to identify conceptions of the importance of four types of formal content in history teaching (periods of history, cross-cutting themes in history, history of places, and national historical processes) among a group of Colombian (M = 764) and Spanish (N = 648) students in the last year of compulsory education in the cities of Bogotá and Murcia, respectively. A descriptive approach was followed based on a closed-ended questionnaire relating to historical consciousness, with item responses measured on a Likert scale. The results support the idea that the interest shown by students in the formal content proposed is an indicator that calls for a critical review of the structure and organization of history curricula in the two contexts studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. UNA MIRADA A LOS PAISAJES DE LA COMPLEJIDAD PARA ENTENDER LA TERRITORIALIZACIÓN CRIMINAL.
- Author
-
La Rotta Amaya, Gustavo
- Subjects
- *
YOUNG adults , *SOCIAL policy , *HUMAN geography , *SOCIAL problems , *FEDERAL government - Abstract
This paper is a reflection produced after a series of interventions carried out at the sector known as "The Bronx", in the city of Bogotá, financed by the national and district governments. The main aim was, on one hand, to understand the role that some dynamics play in order to prevent crime, and, on the other hand, to design and implement a strategy in local schools that will help to reduce the individual vulnerability of young people in the sector. The work proposals develop social policy guidelines articulating elements of human geography, sociology, and psychology, around proposals such as the Zonas de Orientación Escolar (School Guiding Zones, Indications about the importance of considering the effect that territorial dynamics have on the effectiveness of the design and implementation of social policies, as well as the difficulty of defining indicators that allow comparability with similar experiences, can be found among the conclusions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Use Case for Air Quality Measuring and Transmission.
- Author
-
Rico-Martínez, Mónica, Alejandro Clavijo, Samuel, Gutierrez Torres, Jairo Luis, Cabra, Jose-Luis, and Jimenez, Yury
- Subjects
AIR quality ,SOFTWARE radio ,INTERNET of things ,NETWORK performance ,SIMULATION software - Abstract
Fourth and fifth generation (4G-5G) cellular networks provide key enabling technologies for the ubiquitous deployment of Internet of Things(IoT) technology. This has allowed the implementation of different use cases or applications that have allowed their operation to be evaluated. Aligned with several research studies around 5G and 4G that are currently being carried out, this research proposes the implementation of a use case for the measurement and transmission of air quality in Bogota- Colombia, through the Internet of things and simulations in Software Defined Radio (GNU- ´ Radio). As a result, network performance indicators were obtained that make the application viable both in data acquisition and transmission, in the use case for air quality. In that sense, this research makes it possible to establish the basis for real operations in future implementations of emergent technologies in the city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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