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Introduction/purpose: In recent times, with the tendency to develop new types of armor-piercing ammunition, constant investments in the development of new types of armored obstacles is necessary. Obstacles made of high-alloy steel plates are still the best form of protection against larger caliber ammunition. There are a number of factors to consider when selecting an alloy, including the weight, dimensions, intended use, desired ballistic performance, and costs. According to that, a numerical analysis of penetration of a 30mm armor-piercing fin-stabilized discarding sabot projectile into the steel alloy Weldox 460 plates of different thicknesses at a distance of 1000m with a velocity of 1300m/s is presented in this paper. Methods: The stresses and deformations of the penetration effect were calculated through numerical analysis and finite element modeling. To specify material characteristics, the Johnson-Cook material model and the fracture of materials model have been utilized. In order to define models and carry out numerical calculations, the software packages FEMAP and LS Dyna have been used in this paper. Results: For a numerical analysis of the penetration process of this projectile type against armor obstacle, four different armor plate thicknesses are calculated: 10mm, 50mm, 100mm, and 110mm. For each of them, the results are shown in a form of stress and displacement, so that the interaction phenomena between the sub-projectile and the armor plate can be described. Conclusion: Modeling the impact on armor-piercing obstacles is extremely difficult, time-consuming, and complex, and the resulting models very successfully (or with some deviation) approximate the real problem of projectile penetration. One of the most effective methods for solving problems of this kind and others of a similar nature in recent times is the finite element method analysis. The material and the target dimensions, as well as the ballistic parameters and the material of the projectile have the biggest influence on projectile penetration. The target's resistance to penetration increases when all input parameters are maintained at the same level and its thickness is increased, and vice versa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction/purpose: Thin plates made of high–strength steel are frequently used both in civil and military ballistic protection systems. In order to choose an appropriate type of alloy, it is necessary to fulfil a number of criteria, such as the condition of use, the desired ballistic performance, weight, dimensions, and price. This paper presents a numerical analysis of the penetration of a 30mm armor-piercing projectile with a velocity of 750m/s into steel alloy Weldox 460 plates of different thicknesses at a distance of 1000m . Methods: The analysis has been performed using numerical methods and finite element modeling to calculate stresses and deformation caused by the penetration effect. For defining material characteristics, the Johnson- Cook material model and the fracture of materials model have been used. In this paper, the software packages FEMAP and LS Dyna have been used for defining models and performing numerical calculations. Results: The results of the performed numerical analysis as well as the obtained stress and displacement values are presented for four different armor plate thicknesses: 30mm, 33mm, 34mm, and 40mm. The results show a penetration effect and an interaction between the projectile and the armor plate. Conclusion: Modeling the impact on armor-piercing obstacles is very complex, extensive, and demanding, and the formed models approximate the real problem of projectile penetration in a very successful way (or with a certain deviation). In recent times, the analysis using the finite element method has proven to be one of effective approaches to solving such and similar problems. The material and the dimensions of the obstacle, as well as the material and the ballistic parameters of the projectile have the greatest influence on projectile penetration. Keeping all the input parameters at the same level and increasing the thickness of the target leads to its increased resistance to penetration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction/purpose: The paper presents a numerical simulation of an impact of a 12.7 mm projectile on an armored metal plate with a velocity of 500 m/s at a distance of 900 m. Numerical simulations offer the possibility of drastically reducing the time required to obtain results in comparison to the time required for planning, organization and execution of experiments. The numerical simulation is done by variations in the thickness of the armor metal plate, specifically an armor metal plate of a thickness of 10 mm, 17 mm, 18 mm, and 23 mm. The mentioned armored plate thicknesses were chosen based on the results in order to determine the limit thickness of the armored plate for the projectile perforation limit, as well as for complete ballistic protection. Methods: Finite element modeling is used for analyzing stresses and deformations of the armored plates. The mentioned method calculates the impact of the projectile on the obstacle, precisely the collision of the projectile and the armor plate. Results: For the comparative analysis, the parameters used are the values of the stress and the displacement. For each of the above-mentioned thicknesses of the armored metal plate, the values of stress and displacement during projectile impact were determined. The results of this study show how the thickness of the armor plate affects the interaction of the projectile and the armor plate. Conclusion: If the physical and chemical characteristics of the armored plate remain unchanged, as the thickness of the armored plate increases, the possibility of projectile penetration decreases, and vice versa. This research is of essential importance because it analyzes the stresses and deformation of armor plates whose basic role is the protection of personnel and equipment from the projectile impact. In this regard, the thickness of the armored plate for semi-penetration of the projectile is determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]