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An industrial by-product known as fly ash is produced when coal is burned for electricity production and is considered an environmental pollutant. A comprehensive fly ash utilisation programme must be implemented to reduce environmental pollution, including numerous factors at different levels. Fly ash's geotechnical qualities, including its specific gravity, permeability, internal angular friction, and consolidation characteristics, make it ideal for structural fill, particularly on clay soils, when building highways and embankments. Much research has been conducted on how fly ash affects soil stability. In order to determine the impact of fly ash addition on soil properties, this inquiry reviewed a few of these papers and conducted a critical assessment. This study also looked at combining fly ash and clay soil. Numerous investigations indicate that fly ash generally improves soil stability, notably when analysing CBR values and soil permeability, and reduces volumetric changes in the soil. The ground becomes compact due to particle size and form and a decrease in volumetric dilatation. Because the additives to the hardened soil do not dissolve, the soil's behaviour continues to be modified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the planning of the potential and feasibility of a complete solar solution for the mess at the Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University (SMVDU) campus. Since there is ample space near the mess, solar steam generating plants are proposed on the mess to reduce liquified petroleum gas (LPG) consumption substantially. Forty concentrators (sixteen square meters each) are proposed to be installed. The project's life is proposed to be twenty-five years with a capital cost of USD 19.02 thousand and additional operation and maintenance costs. The financial analysis shows that the total savings from the project are USD 172.82 thousand with a cost-benefit ratio of 6.40. The project's break-even is approximated to be attained by the fortieth month of operation. Beyond the financial benefit, the project is proposed to have multiple other benefits to the institution. The benefits are that the use of fossil fuels (LPG) for cooking can be avoided by the installation of a thermal cooking system, it shall provide a better sustainability score in various rankings done worldwide for the university, the cost of tender of mess for future can be reduced drastically, the project will be brought up as a project that shall be displayed at every level in the union territory so that we shall promote the development of renewable energy uses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]