Search

An intelligent fiber actuator that can sense, adapt, and interact with environmental stimuli is highly desirable for numerous applications. However, conventional fiber sensors have difficulty in responding to complex environments with fast sensing and actuation. Herein, water/light dual‐responsive double‐twisted RGO@HHF (hollow hydrogel fiber loaded with reduced graphene oxide) actuators are successfully developed based on dynamic self‐contraction/elongation via twisting, folding, plying, and re‐plying process. Under stimuli by water and light, the twisted RGO@HHF provides a forward and reverse torsional stroke of 3168 and 60° cm−1, respectively. The excellent swelling properties endow the fiber with highly effective water‐responsive ability, and the hollow structure can reduce the water required for fiber to swell. Meanwhile, the RGO loading further accelerates water evaporation and enhances the light response rate of the fiber. After twisting and re‐plying, the double‐twisted RGO@HHF exhibits highly increased elongation and contraction under light/water stimulation. On this basis, a new strategy is proposed for efficient desalination and anti‐salt accumulation. The double‐twisted RGO@HHF can elongate to absorb water and contract to evaporate seawater under sunlight/water stimulation, respectively. The accumulated salt can be dissolved in the seawater during the dynamic process. This study provides a promising approach for realizing sustainable seawater desalination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Real‐time monitoring of respiration plays a very important role in human health assessment, especially in monitoring and analyzing respiration during exercise and sleep. However, traditional humidity sensors still have problems in flexibility, sensitivity, and durability, so there is an urgent need to develop humidity sensors with high sensitivity, stretchability, and environmental resistance as respiratory monitoring applications. Here, based on the double network hydrogel structure of polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylamide, a highly sensitive, highly stretchable, and environmentally stable organic hydrogel humidity sensor has been manufactured by using the synergistic effect of lithium chloride and MXene. The hydrogel humidity sensor shows rapid response in the humidity range of 40–85% RH, and has a high sensitivity of −103.4%/% RH. In addition, it exhibits more than 3000% mechanical strain and excellent environmental resistance, which is attributed to the chemical cross‐linking in the hydrogel network and the synergistic effect of multiple hydroxyl groups in glycerol forming rich hydrogen bonds with water and polymer chains. The hydrogel humidity sensor is used for real‐time monitoring of breathing and sleep processes. This work provides a new strategy for preparing high‐performance, extensibility, and environmental stability hydrogel‐based sensors for respiratory monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Durable superhydrophobic anti‐erosion/anticorrosion coatings are highly demanded across various applications. However, achieving coatings with exceptional superhydrophobicity, mechanical strength, and corrosion resistance remains a grand challenge. Herein, a robust microstructure coating, inspired by the cylindrical structures situated on the surface of conch shell, for mitigating erosion and corrosion damages in gas transportation pipelines is reported. Specifically, citric acid monohydrate as a pore‐forming agent is leveraged to create a porous structure between layers, effectively buffering the impact on the surface. As a result, the coating demonstrates remarkable wear resistance and water repellency. Importantly, even after abrasion by sandpaper and an erosion loop test, the resulting superhydrophobic surfaces retain the water repellency. The design strategy offers a promising route to manufacturing multifunctional materials with desired features and structural complexities, thereby enabling effective self‐cleaning and antifouling abilities in harsh operating environments for an array of applications, including self‐cleaning windows, antifouling coatings for medical devices, and anti‐erosion/anticorrosion protection, among other areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: Abiraterone acetate, a prodrug of abiraterone (ABI), provides an efficient therapeutic option for metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer patients. ABI undergoes extensive metabolism in vivo and is transformed into active metabolites Δ4‐abiraterone and 3‐keto‐5α‐abiraterone as well as inactive metabolites abiraterone sulfate and abiraterone N‐oxide sulfate. We aimed to examine the effect of polymorphisms in SLCO2B1, CYP3A4 and UGT1A4 on the pharmacokinetics of ABI and its metabolites. Methods: In this study, 81 healthy Chinese subjects were enrolled and divided into 2 groups for fasted (n = 45) and fed (n = 36) studies. Plasma samples were collected after administering a 250 mg abiraterone acetate tablet followed by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Genotyping was performed on a MassARRAY system. The association between SLCO2B1, CYP3A4, UGT1A4 genotype and pharmacokinetic parameters of ABI and its metabolites was assessed. Results: Food effect study demonstrated high fat meal remarkedly increased systemic exposure of ABI and its metabolites. The geometric mean ratio and 90% confidence interval of area under the plasma concentration–time curve from time 0 to the time of the last quantifiable concentration (AUC0‐t) and maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of ABI in fed state vs. fasted state were 351.64% (286.86%–431.04%) and 478.45% (390.01%–586.94%), respectively, while the corresponding results were ranging from 145.11% to 269.42% and 150.10% to 478.45% for AUC0‐t and Cmax of ABI metabolites in fed state vs. fasted state, respectively. The SLCO2B1 rs1077858 had a significant influence on AUC0‐t and Cmax, while 7 other SLCO2B1 variants prolonged half‐life of ABI under both fasted and fed conditions. As for ABI metabolites, the systemic exposure of Δ4‐abiraterone, abiraterone sulfate and abiraterone N‐oxide sulfate as well as the elimination of 3‐keto‐5α‐abiraterone were significantly affected by SLCO2B1 polymorphisms. Polymorphisms in CYP3A4 and UGT1A4 did not significantly affect pharmacokinetics of ABI and its metabolites. Conclusion: Polymorphisms in SLCO2B1 were significantly related to the pharmacokinetic variability of ABI and its metabolites under both fasted and fed conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Conductive hydrogels have recently attracted extensive attention in the field of smart wearable electronics. Despite the current versatility of conductive hydrogels, the balance between mechanical properties (tensile properties, strength, and toughness) and electrical properties (electrical conductivity, sensitivity, and stability) still faces great challenges. Herein, a simplified method for constructing hydrophobic association hydrogels with excellent mechanical and electrical properties is proposed. The prepared conductive hydrogels exhibit high tensile properties (≈1224%), high linearity in the whole‐strain–range (R2 = 0.999), and a wide strain sensing range (2700%). The conductive hydrogel can realize more than 1000 cycles of sensing under 500% tensile strain. As an application demonstration, an underwater communication device is assembled in combination with polydimethylsiloxane/Triton X‐100 film coating, which successfully transmits underwater signals and provides warning of potential hazards. This study provides a new research method for developing underwater equipment with excellent mechanical properties and sensing properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: This study evaluated the effects of SHR0302 on the pharmacokinetics of cytochrome P450 (CYP) probe substrates. Methods: We performed a single‐centre, open‐label, three‐period drug–drug interaction (DDI) study in 24 healthy subjects (NCT05392127). Subjects received a single oral dose of 5 mg warfarin (CYP2C9), 20 mg omeprazole (CYP2C19) and 15 mg midazolam (CYP3A4) on Days 1, 8 and 22, and received 0.5 mg repaglinide (CYP2C8) on Days 7, 14 and 28. Multiple oral doses of 8 mg SHR0302 were administered once daily from Day 8 to Day 28. Results: The exposure of S‐warfarin and repaglinide were comparable before and after SHR0302 administration. AUC of midazolam was not affected by SHR0302, whereas the administration of SHR0302 slightly decreased the Cmax of midazolam by 7.6% (single dose) and 15.7% (once daily for 14 days). The AUC0‐t, AUC0‐inf, and Cmax of omeprazole were slightly decreased after a single dose of SHR0302 by 19.2%, 21.8% and 23.5%, respectively. In the presence of SHR0302 for 14 days, the AUC0‐t, AUC0‐inf, and Cmax of omeprazole were marginally reduced by 3.0%, 16.4% and 8.3%, respectively. According to the induction mechanism of the CYP enzyme, for the investigation of the induction effect, the results of multiple administrations of the perpetrator were more reliable than those of the single dose. Conclusions: The results demonstrated that co‐administration of SHR0302 8 mg once daily is unlikely to have a clinically meaningful effect on the exposure of drugs metabolized by CYP3A4, CYP2C8, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 in healthy subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the core component of wearable electronic devices, flexible energy storage materials play an irreplaceable role. At present, it is still a challenge to prepare flexible electrode materials with high energy density. In this paper, a polyaniline‐based composite flexible conductive hydrogel (PPG‐P) with a two‐level conductive network is successfully prepared by a secondary induced assembly in situ polymerization method. The special conductive structure greatly promotes the efficiency of charge transfer and the utilization of electroactive substances, so that PPG‐P exhibits excellent electrochemical performance. In a three‐electrode system, PPG‐P has a mass‐specific capacitance as high as 989 F g−1 (0.5 A g−1). After 1000 charge and discharge cycles, the capacitance retention is 87%. Symmetrical flexible supercapacitors based on PPG‐P have high specific capacitance (176 F g−1/0.5 A g−1) and high energy density (15.6 Wh kg−1). After 1000 cycles of constant current charge and discharge, the capacitance maintains 78.1%. The preparation of PPG‐P with a hierarchical structure demonstrates the possibility of achieving high energy density in flexible electrode materials, which has great application potential in the development of energy storage elements in wearable devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]