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This paper proposes a 6Gb/s receiver for 8K displays and beyond. In the proposed receiver, a novel channel coding with 1.96% overhead is presented to guarantee minimum run‐length in the clock embedded interface. It can also reduce bandwidth for effective data transmission compared to 9b/10b coding that requires 11.11% overhead. Furthermore, we present an on‐chip eye margin tester that can measure the internal timing margin of receiver with only 1% area overhead. The prototype ICs are implemented using 0.18‐μm HVCMOS process and evaluated in an 8K 65‐inch panel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the strong increase of mobile data‐communication needs, mobile devices become more important than ever. To be able to provide the users the best experience, display sizes will need to increase while portability needs to be maintained. Flexible, foldable and rollable displays are serving these emerging user needs. This challenges every layer in the display, requiring the display panel to become thinner and thinner while maintaining robustness and reliability. This paper will talk about highly reliable photo patternable interlayers in TFT stacks and touch sensor layers based on inorganic‐organic hybrid polymers. A novel solution, that improves process‐ability for flexible display devices. In addition, hybrid polymer‐based films provide good process durability, higher transparency, and higher environmental durability. Therefore, these new formulations are a key enabler for foldable and rollable OLED and e‐paper displays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Driven by the need for new affordable wireless data communication technologies, special liquid crystals have been developed and optimized for use in microwave components above 10 GHz. As tunable dielectrics, they pave the way for continuously tunable antennas for SATCOM and wireless 5G/6G applications either fixed at home or on‐the‐move. This presentation gives an insight into the current material development with special focus on the application in transparent antennas for fixed 5G access. Sunlight stability tests for an equivalent device lifetime of 5 years were conducted resulting in yellowing index values of < 4, being 2.5 times less than the required threshold. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We develope new application, in conjunction with the Internet of things hardware and software technology, E‐Paper will be used in the use of official ID Card to research, in particular on how to use low‐resolution display of human head color processing algorithms, on NFC passive driver EPD display and on‐line storage and operation data transmission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the end of 2019, a severe respiratory syndrome named COVID‐19 is started to be transmitted in the world and it has rapidly spread to a global pandemic. Every day, a series of data are collected for real‐time monitoring of the development of this pandemic. The data validation and the verification are becoming very important to manage the pandemic and give recommendations to the people. Nevertheless, sometimes, it is not possible to guarantee the truthfulness of such data and some information may be lost during collection. Due to its characteristics, the Blockchain technology can become an important support to face the COVID‐19 pandemic. In this regard, the aim of this research is to propose a literature review to understand how the blockchain technology has been used for health care and supply chain management to guarantee an efficient tracing, tracking, and monitoring solution, ensure a transparent and safe data transmission, and to delineate the emerging future research directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High resolution and high refresh rate increase the pressure of wide transmission. Usually, video compression is used to solve this problem. However, traditional video compression methods cannot be performed in bit‐plane, which will increase the cost of storage area. For this reason, this paper first introduces a bit just noticeable difference (BJND) model based on bit‐plane. By analyzing the relationship between the bit‐plane, frequency and eccentricity, the bit just noticeable difference threshold of viewpoint is calculated. Finally, the just noticeable difference model applied to bit‐plane is obtained. Then this paper proposes a video compression scheme based on bit motion estimation algorithm, which optimizes the search range of motion estimation into two small rhombuses of time dimension and gray‐scale dimension. According to human visual system and probability statistical analysis, supplementary matching blocks are added to replace residual data, so that the compression ratio will be constant. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme has the best comprehensive effect on the compression of the lower five‐bit plane. The compression ratio is 1.385, the data transmission is constant, and there is no obvious difference between the restored image and the original image, which conforms to the intuitive perception of the human eye. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A facile and digital do‐it‐yourself technique is proposed to fabricate inexpensive sensors on flexible substrates (paper, cloth, and plastic film). A set of office‐grade equipment (i.e., laserjet printer, thermal laminator, computer‐aided paper cutter), and commercially available supplies (i.e., baking wax paper, furniture restoration metal‐leaf) are used. Forming electrodes through traditional printing and defining a fluidic confinement region through crafting practice enable fabrication of a wide range of devices without requiring customized specialty instruments, costly infrastructure, and complicated fabrication steps, unlike previously introduced methods. Three different levels of experiments are designed to assess the comprehensiveness and responsiveness of the proposed method to the needs of existing research fields. The performances of the fabricated features at each level are evaluated to cover various application domains in environmental monitoring and biomedical diagnostics utilizing conductometric, colorimetric, biochemical, and chemoresistive detection principles. Devices with varying size of features, from nanometers to centimeters, are fabricated and characterized. This method provides an alternative route to decentralized production of low‐cost flexible sensors and other devices, with a minimal step, time, and facilities. The operation of such devices is simple and can be further empowered by smartphones for data analysis and transmission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Aims Methods Main Contribution Conclusions WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS What is already known on the subject What this paper adds to existing knowledge What are the clinical implications of this work? Communication impairments are a leading concern for parent caregivers of individuals with rare neurodevelopmental disorders (RNDDs). Clinical trials of disease modifying therapies require valid and responsive outcome measures that are relevant to individuals with RNDDs. Identifying and evaluating current psychometric properties for communication measures is a critical step towards the selection and use of appropriate instruments.This systematic review offers (1) a description of parent‐reported communication measures and (2) evidence for their psychometric properties, in RNDDs.The systematic review protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; CRD42022334649). MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase, PsychINFO, Web of Science, CINAHL Plus, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry were searched from inception to August 2023. Methodological assessment of quality was completed using the COnsensus‐based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) checklist. Parent‐reported measures used in observational studies and clinical trials were identified. Data on utility, reliability and validity for RNDDs were extracted.Sixteen parent‐reported communication measures were used in RNDD research, the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales being most commonly used. Validation data in RNDDs were identified for six of these measures. Limitations related to sample size or the scope of psychometric testing.Many communication measures have been used for RNDDs but there are few data validating their use. Valid and reliable methods of measuring communication in persons with RNDDs is a priority for future high‐quality clinical trials. Communication is a critical domain for families with a child with a rare neurodevelopmental disorder (RNDD). Validated outcome measures are essential for accurate evaluation and interpretation of responses to treatments in clinical trials. We identified 16 parent‐reported communication measures that have been used with RNDDs, but only six measures had validation data for at least one RNDD. High quality evidence is accumulating, with all validation studies in this review published between 2020 to 2023. Modifications of existing measures may be required to assess communication for RNDDs. This systematic review catalogues the available psychometric data for communication measures and indicates an ongoing need for new validation studies to ensure they are fit‐for‐purpose for upcoming clinical trials in RNDDs. This review will inform the selection of communication measures for clinical trials and research studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the problem of joint deployment, user association, channel, and resource allocation in unmanned aerial vehicle‐enabled access network. Since different user equipments performing different tasks and have different data rate requirements, the priority‐based traffic fairness problem is investigated. This problem, however, is a mixed integer nonlinear programming problem with NP‐hard complexity, making it challenging to be solved. To address this issue, a self‐organized and distributed framework "sense‐as‐you‐fly" based on the decomposition process, which divides the original problem into several subproblems, is proposed. Assuming without central controller, we derive the closed‐form resource allocation scheme and propose distributed many‐to‐one matching to optimize user association subproblem. Considering the coupled characteristics, the multi‐unmanned aerial vehicle deployment and channel allocation subproblems are modelled as a local altruistic game. The existence of Nash equilibrium is proved with the aid of exact potential game and efficient best response learning‐based algorithm is proposed. The original problem is finally addressed by solving the sub‐problems alternately and iteratively. Simulation results verify its effectiveness. By jointly optimizing multidimensional variables, the proposed algorithm unlocks network performance gains, especially in resource‐limited regimes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fault recorded data has been proven to be effective for fault diagnosis of overhead transmission lines. Utilizing deep learning to mine potential fault patterns in fault recording data is an inevitable trend. However, it is usually difficult to obtain massive labeled fault recording data, which results in deep learning‐based fault diagnosis models not being adequately trained. Although data augmentation methods provide ideas for expanding the training data, existing data augmentation algorithms (e.g. random perturbation‐based augmentation) may lead to distortion of multi‐view data, that is, time domain data and frequency domain data of the fault recorded data, which results in the inconsistency of physical properties and statistical distributions of the generated data and the actual recording data, and misguides the training of the models. Hence, this study proposes a transmission line fault classification method via the multi‐view synergistic enhancement of fault recording data. The methodology proposes to start with a synergistic enhancement of multi‐view data such as time and frequency domains of fault recording data, and utilizes contrastive learning to further improve the performance of the fault classification model while ensuring that the generated data is not distorted. Experimental results on three real‐world datasets validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a design and application of low power handwritten tablet is proposed. Based on glass‐based MIP low power LCD technology for a 8‐inch product , the multi‐lane SPI series parallel decoding circuit is used to improve the decoding speed of image data transmission, At the same time, it can be refreshed in units of 1 line for partial refresh by means of address decoding. Because the communication and decoding interface of MIP LCD technology is a non‐general interface, an adaptive dedicated driving system is proposed simultaneously, including SOC, MCU, MIP LCD screen, stylus and touch sensor processing. In this driving system, SOC is transmitted to MCU through USB HS, and MCU drives MIP display by customized SPI interface. It can realize the global refresh, partial refresh and stylus touch through data processing which matching the unique data requirements of MIP and adopting multi‐buffer and thread separation. The low‐ power handwritten tablet solution proposed in this paper can significantly reduce power consumption with static power consumption of 25uW and full‐screen refresh rate reach 25Hz while partial refresh rate (100 lines) can be up to 300Hz. Combined with 8color display and stylus partial refresh application, the display content is richer and the response speed is increased by 42.8%, user experience is greatly improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-data-throughput and multimodal-acquisition experiments will prevail in next-generation synchrotron beamlines. Orchestrating dataflow pipelines connecting the data acquisition, processing, visualization and storage ends are becoming increasingly complex and essential for enhancing beamline performance. Mamba Data Worker (MDW) has been developed to address the data challenges for the forthcoming High Energy Photon Source (HEPS). It is an important component of the Mamba experimental control and data acquisition software ecosystem, which enables fast data acquisition and transmission, dynamic configuration of data processing pipelines, data multiplex in streaming, and customized data and metadata assembly. This paper presents the architecture and development plan of MDW, outlines the essential technologies involved, and illustrates its current application at the Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility (BSRF). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: In order to solve the problem that IP address jump cannot be synchronized in real time due to the unstable speed of network data transmission in the Internet of Things system, in this paper, sliding window mechanism is introduced into network communication, and an Internet of Things system with network IP address jump function is constructed. The system adopts time synchronization scheme based on PTP protocol and IP address hopping strategy based on sliding window. The system includes three modules: time synchronization module based on PTP protocol to enhance security performance, address hopping module based on OpenFlow as core technology, and SDN routing module. The system can realize the security defense function of mobile devices on the Internet of Things. Finally, through the experimental test, it is found that, when the system time error is less than 18 s, the system's packet loss rate is stable and low. The anti‐attack ability is very strong. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: This study focuses on a class of interval type‐2 T‐S fuzzy systems under bit rate constraint(BRC), which can adapt to complex systems more flexibly than the traditional interval type‐1 T‐S fuzzy model. In order to guarantee the security of data transmission, and considering that the channel is affected by the bit rate during transmission, this study introduces a codec scheme in the interval type‐2 T‐S fuzzy system and applies it to the channel from the sensor to the controller. With the support of the codec scheme, this study explores the sufficient conditions to satisfy the data recoverability, and based on the satisfaction of these conditions, the system is proposed to satisfy the sufficient conditions for input‐to‐state stability (ISS) and the controller gain. Through the in‐depth analysis in this paper, this study proposes a control scheme that can fit complex systems more accurately and also confirms the importance of considering bit rate constraints in communication systems. Finally, the paper is validated by simulation with two specific examples, which fully demonstrate the superiority and effectiveness of the proposed control scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emerging computing paradigms provide field‐level service responses for users, for example, edge computing, fog computing, and MEC. Edge virtualization technologies represented by Docker can provide a platform‐independent, low‐resource‐consumption operating environment for edge service. The image‐pulling time of Docker is a crucial factor affecting the start‐up speed of edge services. The layer reuse mechanism of native Docker cannot fully utilize the duplicate data of node local images. In this paper, we propose a chunk reuse mechanism (CRM), which effectively targets node‐local duplicate data during container updates and reduces the volume of data transmission required for image building. We orchestrate the CRM process for cloud and remote‐cloud nodes to ensure that the resource overhead from container update data preparation and image reconstruction is within an acceptable range. The experimental results show that the CRM proposed in this paper can effectively utilize the node local duplicate data in the synchronous update of containers in multiple nodes, reduce the volume of data transmission, and significantly improve container update efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Multi‐user multiple‐input multiple‐output (MU‐MIMO) system has the capability of delivering optimal system capacity that provides the simultaneous service to a large number of users using dirty paper coding (DPC) scheme. However, the DPC scheme is quite difficult to be implemented in the real‐time scenario as the computational complexity is very high and the process cannot be accomplished within the duration of few coherence periods. In this paper, we have adopted a newly developed binary spider monkey optimization (binary SMO) algorithm for the joint user and antenna scheduling (JUAS) problem to maximize the achievable system sum‐rate performance. It has been shown that JUAS with binary SMO achieves nearly 99% of system throughput achieved by the extensive search algorithm (ESA) using DPC. Also it is compared with binary flower pollination algorithm (binary FPA) to check which of the two gives better result. It is observed that the binary SMO in JUAS achieves a globally optimal solution quite rapidly, to remain well within the modern‐day packet data communication interval. The proposed binary SMO shows low computational complexity and computation time as compared to ESA (i.e., DPC). Also when it is compared with binary FPA, it shows quite a significant improvement in system throughput. Moreover, the effectiveness of binary SMO in the MU‐MIMO broadcasting scenario is verified through extensive simulation results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Internet of Mobile Things (IoMT) have become very popular recently. The routing protocol for low power and lossy networks (RPL) is standardized for static topologies. However, mobility is the nature of IoT. Mobility serves as a promising candidate to harness hand‐off time issues, delay in data transmission, overhead, and low packet delivery rate (PDR) effectively. This study presents a comprehensive account of the mobility‐aware RPL‐based routing protocols to validate and compare the experimental results. Remarkably, classification methods are used in many articles. The aim is to introduce significant research efforts to improve RPL objective functions (OF) performance in hand‐off time, PDR, delay, overhead, and so forth. In this regard, a complete analysis of the existing routing protocols in IoMT has been presented to compare the results. The main focus of this study is on approaches that proposed new OFs for supporting mobility in RPL. Two main categories are considered to study RPL‐based routing protocol mechanisms: The mobile and static sink. The related studies on the mobile sink are divided into three groups: Single metric‐based OF, composite metric OF, and hybrid routing protocols. Also, the related works based on the static sink are categorized into four groups: Fuzzy logic‐based OF, trickle timer‐based OF, composite metrics‐based OF, and modification control messages‐based OF approach. This paper presents a detailed comparison of mechanisms in each category. It also highlights the pros, cons, open issues, and evaluated metrics of each paper. Besides, challenges of mobility in the RPL‐based routing protocol mechanism in IoMT for future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, in order to conduct non‐destructive testing on the grounding grid of substations under the condition of continuous power supply and no excavation, researchers have applied wireless technology based on electrochemical methods to remotely monitor the corrosion state of grounding conductors online. Nevertheless, wireless signals are affected by the environment when they are transmitted underground. In the field of grounding gird wireless monitoring, how to plan the information transmission path of wireless sensor network (WSN) with high accuracy of data transfer and low energy consumption earns growing research attention. To address the problem of WSN path planning in grounding grid area, a path planning method for WSN based on the hybrid algorithm of map‐matching algorithm and double‐pole search algorithm (MM‐DPS) is proposed in this paper. The map‐matching algorithm is employed to calculate the optimal sampling node number of the data transmission path. On the basis of the optimal sampling node number, the double‐pole search algorithm is employed in seeking out each sensor node of the path, and two groups of path plans are obtained. In the simulation experiment, compared with the A‐star algorithm, the MM‐DPS algorithm shortens the data transmission path length by about 39% and reduces the energy consumption by about 57%. The research work brings a method to alleviate the problem of data transmission underground of WSN in grounding grid area. The method not only ensures the accuracy of data transmission, but also shorts the transmission distance and reduces energy consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel magnetic coupling resonance wireless power transfer (MCR‐WPT) system, which has constant‐current (CC) and constant‐voltage (CV) output characteristics suiting for batteries charging, is proposed in this paper. The hybrid compensation topology is adopted; in detail, the LCL‐P circuit topology is used in the CC mode, while the LCL‐S topology is used in the CV mode. Since the switchable components are only located at the receiving side of WPT, the switching can be controlled by the receiving side based on the batteries' state without data communication between transmitting side and receiving side. Furthermore, an adjustable frequency tuning method which is based on proportion integration (PI) closed‐loop controlled by the transmitting side is applied to maximize the current of the transmitting coil. This method also can solve the frequency splitting problem, improving the stability and power of the system while the distance of the two sides changes. The performance of the proposed WPT system is verified by simulation and experiments. The experiment results show that the load current variation is less than 3% in the CC mode and the load voltage changes less than 5% in the CV mode, as the load resister changes from 5 to 20 Ω. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on data science in digital cultural heritage in Brazil, where there is a lack of systematized information and curated databases for the integrated organization of documentary knowledge. Thus, the aim was to systematically map the different forms of information organization and representation applied to objects from collections belonging to institutions affiliated with the federal government's Special Department of Culture. This diagnosis is then used to discuss the requirements of devising strategies that favor a better data science information infrastructure to reuse information on Brazil's cultural heritage. Content analysis was used to identify analytical categories and obtain a broader understanding of the documentary sources of these institutions in order to extract, analyze, and interpret the data involved. A total of 215 hyperlinks that can be considered cultural collections of the institutions studied were identified, representing 2,537,921 cultural heritage items. The results show that the online publication of Brazil's digital cultural heritage is limited in terms of technology, copyright licensing, and established information organization practices. This paper provides a conceptual and analytical view to discuss the requirements for formulating strategies aimed at building a data science information infrastructure of Brazilian digital cultural collections that serves as future projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Among multi‐hop technology, wireless sensor network (WSN) has been extensively investigated owing to its potential application in vivid fields. However, a key issue probing WSN is node location that is also the major area of interest in the present paper. The paper takes advantage of cuckoo search (CS) as the swarm intelligence technique used to address the issues of identification of malicious or unknown nodes within the network. The distance vector (DV)‐hop is used to determine the distance between the anchor sensor node and the unknown or the node with compromised nature. Then, artificial neural network architecture is used to distinguish the nodes based on the characteristics. This is followed by the evaluation of the proposed scheme to offer reliable data transmission using CS optimized data aggregation scheme. The simulation analysis over 1000 deployed nodes shows that CS significantly decreases the localization error to 0.494 and localization time to 0.058 s along with 15%–20% improvement in the throughput and packet delivery ratio. This shows that the proposed CS optimized architecture is successful in identifying the position of unknown nodes as well as compromised nodes that significantly improved the reliability of the data transmission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies how to implement Flash data programming for AMOLED display module products through eDP interface. eDP interface is an internal digital interface based on DisplayPort architecture and protocol, which has the advantages of high transmission rate and low power consumption, but is not suitable for transmitting non‐image or video data. Therefore, AMOLED display modules usually need additional interfaces to write key data (such as Demura, Gamma and TCON firmware) into Flash chips, which brings some problems of data transmission interference, unreliability and inefficiency. To solve these problems, this paper proposes a new operation method, which repackages the data to be written, converts them into images, sends them to TCON through eDP interface, and then TCON analyzes the images, extracts the valid data, and starts programming for Flash. This paper divides the whole process into three steps, and verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of the method through experiments. This method effectively solves the problem of data programming, simplifies the production process, and improves the speed and reliability of programming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, the intelligent distribution network can effectively improve the overall power supply quality of the distribution system. The designed distributed power has been able to achieve an optimal operation of grid connection, while the high‐speed operation of distribution equipment can achieve effective interaction with users. At present, intelligent distribution network is widely studied and applied in power industry because of its advantages of high efficiency energy and environmental protection. Because of its unique characteristics, such as low cost and fast speed, wireless sensor network is cleverly applied in intelligent distribution network. However, wireless sensor network has some defects in energy utilization due to its large range and too many nodes. This paper presents a cross‐layer cooperative control model, which can control the real time and reliability of network power data communication through stack protocol layer. This method can learn the weight value adaptively by training the influence relationship between the parameters of each protocol layer and achieve real‐time and reliable data communication by adjusting the policy and parameters of each layer in real time. This method takes the parameters of each wireless sensor node as the unit to establish the influence relationship between each other so as to realize the connection between each node of wireless sensor network and then to control the wireless sensor network as a whole to ensure the real‐time reliability of data communication in intelligent distribution network. In this paper, a lot of simulation experiments have been done, and the results show that the proposed cross‐layer cooperative control model can control the whole wireless sensor network to achieve efficient data transmission capacity of intelligent distribution wireless sensor network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors' work deals with modelling with coloured Petri nets (CPN) of network controlled systems (NCS) and exposes a proposal of a sensor fault detection and prevention mechanism. In NCS, the network must be viewed as part of the system and not just a means of communication. For this, two issues must be considered. The first consists of adapting the control and diagnostic laws to the performance of the network. The second is to guarantee the performance of the system. Each control loop containing a network is vulnerable to faults and cyber attacks and malicious users can intercept and listen to data during transmission. For that reason, it is essential to protect transmitted data against unauthorized access and modification and to diagnose components. In this paper, the authors presented a model with CPN of a NCS, the authors proposed a sensor fault detection and correction mechanism, then the authors injected a sensor fault and the authors tested the effectiveness of the proposed mechanism in detecting that fault and correcting its influence. Simulation results proved the success of the preventive mechanism in overcoming the influence of the fault and returning to normal behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a hybrid continuous inverse class‐F high‐efficiency power amplifier based on phase shift analysis is proposed. A broadband and high‐efficiency microwave power amplifier are designed by adopting load pull, source pull technique, and low‐pass filter matching structure. The measured results show that the drain efficiency ranges from 67.5% to 77.8%, the saturated output power ranges from 40.2 to 42.4 dBm, and the saturated power gain ranges from 10.2 to 12.4 dB in the working frequency band from 2 to 3 GHz. The power amplifier proposed in this paper fits the current broadband microwave communication technology and plays an important role in the transmission of high data flow signals by wireless transmitters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The real‐time simulation of active distribution networks (ADNs) can provide an accurate insight into transient behaviours, but faces challenges in simulation efficiency and flexibility brought by larger system scales and wider time‐scale ranges. This paper presents an asynchronous multi‐rate (AMR) method and design for the real‐time simulation of large‐scale ADNs. In the proposed method, the entire ADN was decoupled into different subsystems according to accuracy requirements, and optimized time‐steps were allocated to each subsystem to realize a fully distributed simulation. This not only alleviated the time‐step coordination problem existing in multi‐rate real‐time simulations, but also enhanced the flexible expansion capabilities of the real‐time simulator. To realize the AMR real‐time simulation, a multi‐rate interfacing method, synchronization mechanism, and data communication strategy are proposed in this paper, and their hardware design is also presented in detail. A modified IEEE 123‐node system with photovoltaics and wind turbine generators was simulated on a 3 field‐programmable gate arrays (FPGAs)‐based AMR real‐time simulator. The real‐time results were captured by the oscilloscope and verified with PSCAD/EMTDC, which demonstrated the superiority in simulation flexibility and accuracy compared with the synchronous multi‐rate (SMR) method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a multilevel cyclic shift index modulation aided differential chaotic shift keying (MCSI‐DCSK) system to improve data rate and energy efficiency. In the MCSI‐DCSK system, the bit stream is divided into blocks with N(M+1)$N(M+1)$ bits which are further divided into N groups equally. In each group, the first M bits are mapped into an index of cyclic shift in the chaotic reference sequence, while the last bit is used to modulate the shifted chaotic reference sequence. Finally, the all modulated shifted chaotic reference sequences are superimposed to form the information‐bearing signal. So the proposed system improves the data rate. The analytical bit‐error‐rate (BER) expressions of the MCSI‐DCSK system are derived over additive white Gaussian noise and multipath Rayleigh fading channels and validated via simulations. In addition, the BER performance of the proposed system is compared with other non‐coherent, chaotic communication systems. Simulation results indicate that the MCSI‐DCSK system has better performance in data rate and BER. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Secure and reliable electricity supply is a prerequisite for the development of smart cities, and the trustworthy and efficient transmission of electrical data is the foundation for the safe and stable operation of the power grid. This paper introduces a real‐time data transmission blockchain technique based on parallel proof of work algorithm. The new block generation process of proposed blockchain is divided into five subroutines: hash pointer computation, real‐time data pudding, signature value iteration, interruption, block header assembly. The real‐time data pudding and signature value iteration are parallel processed, which brings the effect of decreasing energy loss of blockchain system, and enhances the speed of new block generation and the bandwidth of data storage on blockchain. Computer simulation shows the proposed strategy can be effectively applied in real‐time electrical data transmission application, raising the data transmission reliability with no harm to real‐time data transfer function. This strategy provides a solution to guarantee data transmission safety in the digital conversion of power grid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, with the further ministration of the semiconductor device in integrated circuits, power consumption and data transmission bandwidth have become insurmountable obstacles. As an integrated technology, photonic integrated circuits (PICs) have a promising potential in the post‐Moore era with more advantages in data processing, communication, and diversified sensing applications for their ultra‐high process speed and low power consumption. Silicon photonics is believed to be an encouraging solution to realize PICs because of the mature CMOS process. The past decades have witnessed a huge growth in silicon PICs. However, there is still a demand for the development of silicon PICs to enable powerful chip‐scale systems and new functionalities. In this paper, a review of the photonic components, functional blocks, and emerging applications for PICs is offered. The common photonic components are classified into several sections, including on‐chip light sources, fiber‐to‐chip couplers, photonic resonators, waveguide‐based sensors, on‐chip photodetectors, and modulators. The functional blocks of the PICs mentioned in this review are photonic memories and photonic neural networks. Finally, the paper concludes with emerging applications for further study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the progress of communication technology, the increasing wireless devices are hooked up the networks, and the consequent security problems cannot be ignored. At present, the solutions mainly include secret key system and physical layer security (PLS). However, secret key system that relies on highly complex algorithms for encryption and decryption still has the risk of being cracked by powerful computers. In this paper, the PLS of Beaulieu‐Xie fading channels is studied. To improve the transmission quality and support higher speed data transmission, the single‐input multiple‐out (SIMO) system considered is the Wyner eavesdropper model with decoding and forwarding (DF) relay over Beaulieu‐Xie fading. The closed‐form theoretical formulas for secure outage probability (SOP) and strictly positive secrecy capacity (SPSC) are obtained by complex unified functional representation, which includes two cases: LRD≤LRE${L_{RD}} \le {L_{RE}}$ and LRD>LRE${L_{RD}} > {L_{RE}}$. Moreover, the theoretical formulas are verified by Monte Carlo results. By comparing the simulation results with the theoretical analysis, the authors discussed the factors to improve the secure performance. Experiments show that the larger ratio of (λRD,λRE)$({{\lambda _{RD}},{\lambda _{RE}}})$, the smaller ratio of (mRD,mRE)$({{m_{RD}},{m_{RE}}})$, smaller signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) of eavesdropping channels, smaller threshold Cth${C_{th}}$ and more legitimate antennas LRD${L_{RD}}$ are beneficial to the improvement of anti‐interference capability for the relay networks with Beaulieu‐Xie distributions when the legal channel link R→D is in a state of high SNR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports on the design and evaluation of Field Studies in Functional Ecology (FSFE), a two‐week intensive residential field course that enables students to master core content in functional ecology alongside skills that facilitate their transition from "student" to "scientist." We provide an overview of the course structure, showing how the constituent elements have been designed and refined over successive iterations of the course. We detail how FSFE students: (1) Work closely with discipline specialists to develop a small group project that tests an hypothesis to answer a genuine scientific question in the field; (2) Learn critical skills of data management and communication; and (3) Analyze, interpret, and present their results in the format of a scientific symposium. This process is repeated in an iterative "cognitive apprenticeship" model, supported by a series of workshops that name and explicitly instruct the students in "hard" and "soft" skills (e.g., statistics and teamwork, respectively) critically relevant for research and other careers. FSFE students develop a coherent and nuanced understanding of how to approach and execute ecological studies. The sophisticated knowledge and ecological research skills that they develop during the course is demonstrated through high‐quality presentations and peer‐reviewed publications in an open‐access, student‐led journal. We outline our course structure and evaluate its efficacy to show how this novel combination of field course elements allows students to gain maximum value from their educational journey, and to develop cognitive, affective, and reflective tools to help apply their skills as scientists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), routing based on cluster construction is highly preferred as it greatly supports reliable data communication, load balancing, and fault tolerance with extended network lifetime. In specific, metaheuristic approach‐based dynamic cluster heads (CHs) selection has the possibility of enhancing the lifespan of network and at the same time is capable in reducing the energy consumption. In this paper, hybrid grasshopper and Harris hawk optimization algorithm‐based energy efficient routing protocol (HGHHOA) is propounded for optimal CH selection. This proposed HGHHOA approach adopted a fitness function that incorporated the factors of residual energy, distance between CH and cluster members, distance between selected CHs and the sink, node centrality, and node degree into account. The fitness function values of optimality facilitate a potential CH selection with significant cost‐effective routing. It is proposed with primary objective of improving the network lifespan through optimized selection of CHs that balances the available energy in a predominant way. It is proposed with significance of handling premature convergence with minimized energy consumption and network lifetime through the possibility of establishing an ideal balance between number of alive and dead nodes. The results of this proposed HGHHOA approach with varying rounds of implementation exhibited better results in throughput and residual energy which is 23.98% and 29.21%, better than the bassline CH selection mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: In the past few years, restricted wireless sensor networks (WSNs) enabled the Internet of Things (IoT) have attracted significant attention and expansion to enhance service delivery and resource efficiency. Dissemination is a service offered by WSN that uses radio transmission and over‐the‐air programming for updating the deployed sensor nodes through online. The centralized data dissemination methods are replaced by the distributed approaches because they affect the drawbacks of a single point of failure, no scalability, and insecurity. Therefore, an Energy Efficient Protocol for Data Dissemination in Wireless Sensor network‐enabled IoT using Domain‐Adaptive Message Passing Graph Neural Network (EEP‐WSN‐IoT‐DMPGNN) is proposed in this paper. The nodes are formed as clusters utilizing the Deep Fuzzy Curriculum Clustering (DFCC) technique that rewards nodes belonging to a given cluster. By using the Crayfish Optimization Algorithm (COA), the Cluster Head (CH) selection optimally chose the ideal CH and satisfies the multiple objective functions, such as energy, delay, traffic density, and distance. Afterward, domain‐adaptive Message Passing Graph Neural Network (DMPGNN) based routing protocol is developed, the input given to the routing protocol includes a sink, action history, future node, and maximum‐distance node, which attains enhanced data transfer in the chosen path. The proposed technique attains a lower no. of dead nodes, lower energy consumption, and higher Network Lifetime while analyzed with existing techniques, such as routing technique depending on deep learning for effectual data transmission in 5G WSN communication (DL‐RPDT‐WSN), Reinforcement‐Learning base energy effectual optimized routing protocol in WSN (RL‐EERP‐WSN), and Energy‐efficient intellectual routing method for IoT‐enabled WSN (EIR‐IoT‐WSN), respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) estimation is crucial for spectrum management and data transmission. However, the existing classical methods in satellite‐to‐ground (SG) communication links, particularly for broadband transmission and under ultra‐low SNR conditions, often encounter substantial estimation errors. In this paper, a novel SNR estimation method based on time‐domain channel impulse response (CIR) reconstruction is proposed. Least square (LS) algorithm in frequency domain and inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) with a rectangular window are employed to reconstructed CIR. The noise energy is calculated by computing the average energy outside the window. The signal power is obtained by subtracting the noise energy from the total energy inside the window. In addition, a numerical simulation with a signal bandwidth of 400 MHz is performed to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in real SG communication scenarios. The simulation results show that compared with existing classical methods, even under ultra‐low SNR conditions, the proposed algorithm exhibits more accurate estimation ability and stronger resistance to frequency offset interference in nonterrestrial network (NTN) channels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary In this paper, we delve into the intricate problem of lateral control in autonomous vehicles, utilizing adaptive event triggering, dynamic quantizers, and incorporating stochastic sampling. By integrating the Adaptive Event‐Triggering Scheme (AETS) and dynamic quantizer in dual channels—namely the sensor‐to‐controller and controller‐to‐observer channels—we aptly cater to the multifaceted road conditions faced by autonomous vehicles. Moreover, in light of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks, our controllers ensure system stability amidst stochastic sampling. While ensuring an effective reduction in the amount of network communication data, the efficiency of the output feedback controllers is also significantly improved, thus enabling the closed‐loop system to be strictly dissipative performance stabilized. To substantiate the efficacy of our proposed method, simulation experiments were rigorously conducted using the Carsim‐Simulink platform, highlighting the enhanced safety of autonomous vehicles in real‐world operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the multi‐paralleled converter microgrid system, the traditional hierarchical control strategy can eliminate the bus voltage amplitude and frequency deviation from the rated value. However, isolated AC microgrids may face extreme scenarios such as communication delays and interruptions in data transmission due to the use of low‐bandwidth communication (LBC) lines. Additionally, the inconsistent line impedance of each distributed generation (DG) unit may result in the inaccurate division of reactive power in multi‐paralleled converter systems, thus affecting system stability. To address these issues, this paper presents a distributed coordinated control strategy for isolated AC microgrids based on the consensus algorithm. The proposed strategy first replaces LBC lines with a filter to alleviate the effects of communication delays. A small‐signal model is established in its state space, and stability of the microgrid system under the proposed control strategy is verified through eigenvalue analysis. Furthermore, based on the above theoretical analysis, a consensus algorithm is introduced, and a distributed control strategy for isolated AC microgrids based on the consensus algorithm is proposed to solve the issue of inaccurate equalization of the system's reactive power. Finally, factors that influence the dynamic convergence performance of the consensus algorithm are analyzed through simulation in PLECS software. Also, the maximum tolerable communication delays of the microgrid system under different communication topologies are also compared, and the system's robustness is evaluated under the condition of sudden communication interruption in a DG unit and sudden weather variation. These analyses confirmed the robustness of the proposed strategy against communication delays, output power fluctuation, and communication interruptions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The assessment of energy consumption of data traffic for Internet services usually relies on energy intensity figures (in Wh/GB). In this paper, we argue against using these indicators for evaluating the evolution of energy consumption of data transmission induced by changes in Internet usage. We describe a model that estimates global impacts for different scenarios of Internet usages and technological hypothesises, and show that it can overcome some limitations of intensity indicators. We experiment the model on four use‐cases: basic usage, video streaming, large downloads, and video conferencing. Results show that increasing the resolution of videos does increase the total energy consumption while misleadingly decreasing the power intensity indicator at the same time. In other words, a more efficient network does not necessarily mean less energy consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a drone system with dual data links, this article presents a redundant data processing algorithm that can minimize flight control instability without increasing the weight and price of the aircraft by software processing of duplicate received messages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Underwater wireless sensor network (UWSN) connects the real world to the hidden resources available deep into the sea using sensor nodes deployed sparsely and are interconnected to gather information for any movement/change in the ocean. The computed information on nodes obtained from concurrently running UWSN's applications will be meaningful, only if the location of this change will be identified. Nevertheless, it is always difficult to obtain the exact location coordinates of any misadventure like tectonic plate's movement but using localization algorithms in UWSN helps to obtain the coordinates. Since localization algorithms for terrestrial networks are not feasible for UWSN because of environmental challenges. Moreover, GPS systems do not work after 15 m of depth and the radio frequency gets suppressed. So, the requirement arises to analyze existing localization approaches in the deep sea where acoustic signals are used for communication and data transfer. In this paper, along with describing the UWSN's applications and challenges, the underwater localization schemes are reviewed to present, summarize, and mention the scope of improvement. Further, classification into range‐based and range‐free categories of these schemes is depicted with implementation in the NS2.30 simulation environment of some of the recent techniques to showcase the reasons for better performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: The main goal of this strategy is to detect the occurrence of wild animals in farmsteads and human habitats using an improved deep learning in order to avoid loss of life and damage to agricultural crops. This paper formulates a technique for recognizing wild animals in an Internet of Things (IoT) environment utilizing deep batch normalized exponential linear unit AlexNet (DbneAlexnet) and the Gazelle Hunting Optimization Algorithm (GHOA). The IoT‐Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSN) network is first simulated, with the IoT nodes capturing the images needed for wild animal identification. The suggested GHOA is used for routing, which sends the captured images to the base station (BS). The input wild animal image is transmitted to image preprocessing at the BS, where it is processed using the Weiner filter (WF) to remove undesirable noise from the image. The denoised output is sent into salient map extraction, which extracts salient map to determine the regions that are conspicuous or noticeable at every place in the field of vision and guides the selection of attended location. Finally, the saliency map is forwarded to DbneAlexnet for detecting the wild animals, where the DbneAlexnet is trained using proposed GHOA. The suggested GHOA algorithm is created by combining the Gazelle Optimization Algorithm (GOA) and the deer hunting optimization algorithm (DHOA). Furthermore, detection is appraised by precision, recall, and f1‐score, which provide values of 90.2%, 89.1%, and 89.6%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are becoming increasingly important and well liked for delivering pervasive computing environments for a range of applications. Extending the networking life lifetime in WSNs is an important issue that must be addressed. Effective techniques for conserving the WSN's limited energy resources must be developed. Cross‐layer protocols are employed in WSNs to solve network lifespan difficulties. This paper proposes a new cross‐layer–cross‐domain routing scheme with stages such as “(1) network association stage, (2) nearer node detection phase, and (3) consistent state phase.” In the consistent stage, the optimal cluster head selection (CHS) is carried out by taking into account risk, delay, energy, trust, and distance. A new model called manta ray collided dwarf mongoose optimization (MRC‐DMO) is introduced to help with this. Furthermore, the routing is accomplished by dependable data communication. The results obtained establish the effectiveness of the MRC‐DMO scheme for SEACRCLCD in WSN over varied methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When the COMS camera of optical camera communication (OCC) system acquired the information image, the grayscale value of pixels fluctuated due to the influence of blooming effect and light noise, so that the data logic could not be correctly judged by the decision threshold, which affected the bit error rate (BER) performance transmission distance and data rate, and degraded the system performance. In this paper, the adaptive exponential weighted moving average algorithm is proposed, and the optimal grayscale value matrix of signal demodulation is verified by experiment, so as to reduce the fluctuation of grayscale value and improve the performance of OCC system. The experimental results show that for data processing and analysis based on ZYNQ7020 experimental platform, a 7% forward error correction（BER = 3.8 × 10−3）requirements can be satisfied at 150 cm when the data rate is 3 Kbps, and a 7% forward error correction（BER = 3.8 × 10−3）requirements can be satisfied at 100 cm when the data rate is 5 Kbps. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: In this paper, an ultra‐low‐power and area‐efficient demodulator circuit for wireless downlink SCM/CWM modulation schemes is proposed. The proposed demodulator offers high performances and allows simultaneous power and downlink data transmission over a single 13.56‐MHz inductive link. The proposed method requires only two carrier cycles per data bit period, and also, a power index of 75% is obtained. Although the proposed demodulator can be applicable to other wireless systems, here, it is intended for implantable medical devices. To prove the performance of the proposed demodulator circuit, it has been designed and post‐layout simulations are provided using a standard 65‐nm CMOS technology and occupies 27 × 32 μm2 of active area. Post‐layout simulation results indicate that with a 1‐V power supply, the proposed circuit achieves an ultra‐low‐power consumption of 8.51 μW at a data rate of 6.78 Mb/s corresponding to an energy efficiency of 1.25 pJ/bit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: The fifth generation of mobile technology is referred to as "5G." 5G refers to the next significant phase of mobile communications standards after the upcoming 4G standards. With 5G technology, the bulk of high‐bandwidth consumers would be able to use their phones in innovative ways. When 5G is pushed over a VOIP‐enabled device, individuals encounter record levels of call volume and data transmission. In this paper, we reviewed smart antenna 5G for Internet of Things (IoT) application. Beamforming is a 5G active antenna technique that uses directional radio links to concurrently and selectively supply high bandwidth to certain mobile devices. Multi‐antenna systems are required when using larger frequency ranges. The better the propagation conditions for electromagnetic waves, the higher the frequency. To some extent, multi‐antenna arrays and beamforming can assist mitigate this. Radio signals can be transmitted and received in a spatially targeted manner due to beamforming. The better the beamforming works, the more dipoles (antenna elements) are available. In contrast to earlier eras on wireless networking, such as Global System For Mobile Communication (GSM), Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), also 4G/LTE, 5G would not require major technological advances. Additional systems and equipment are added to the existing LTE technology to increase data capacity and reduce latency. The 5G NR infrastructure depends heavily on active antenna arrays, which enable multi‐user multiple‐in multiple‐out (MIMO) technologies. For targeted radio contact with the receiver, these antenna modules use beamforming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Backscatter communication, an emerging ultra‐low‐power wireless communication paradigm, has been studied as a promising solution for wireless communications in some Internet‐of‐Things (IoT) applications. The required ubiquitous data transmission in the IoT world is demanding information security. Different from mathematical encryption at higher protocol layers, the directional modulation (DM) technology can provide physical‐layer wireless security, which does not require digital and computation resources that are otherwise scarce in low‐power IoT devices. In this paper, a synthesis‐free Van‐Atta backscatter array is constructed and studied. The authors show that a Van‐Atta array can be made to project orthogonal interference upon the backscattered signals in the radio frequency domain. The design details of the Van‐Atta DM array are elaborated, and its efficacy is validated via bit error rate simulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Node localization technology can identify and track nodes, making observing data more relevant; for example, information received at the sink node would be useless to the client if node localization data from the sensor region were not included. Localization is described as determining the location of unknown sensor nodes named destination nodes applying the recognized location of anchor nodes based on measurements such as time difference of occurrence, time of occurrence, angle of occurrence, triangulation, and maximum probability. The purpose of node localization is to assign coordinates points to all sensor nodes arbitrarily put in the monitoring region and have an unknown location. Localization of nodes is essential to account for the cause of events that help group sensor querying, routing, and network coverage. In this paper, data transmission among the nodes is done by comparing the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) value with the supervised learning value. If the RSSI value is less than the supervised learning value, the data transmission takes place; else, no transmission. This paper proposes a hybrid localization scheme that effectively uses K‐fold optimization with supervised learning and gives good results for distance error and RSSI/energy efficiency. The proposed scheme can effectively detect the optimal path for data transmission, node localization for the destination, and overall performance enhancement using threshold decision making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: The rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) creates a high requirement for data collected through wireless sensor networks (WSNs), resulting in a lot of emphasis on WSN data collecting in recent decades. However, the resource‐constrained nature of sensor devices exerts heavy constraints for acquiring the optimal network performance. To resolve this concern, this paper proposes the Chain‐based Energy‐Efficient Clustering (CBEEC) Routing Protocol that considers nodes of two heterogeneous levels of energy (normal level and advanced level). The number of advanced nodes in CBEEC is analytically determined and hence are analytically allocated. However, normal nodes are stochastically deployed in the vicinity of advanced nodes. The data transmission is performed among the advanced nodes in the form of chain and from there it is forwarded to base station (BS). Consequently, it preserves immense amount of energy for the network. The performance of CBEEC is empirically investigated with benchmarks of different performance metrics and simulation outcomes showing that the CBEEC outperforms state‐of‐the‐art routing protocols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Spatiotemporal traffic data usually suffers from missing entries in the data acquisition and transmission process. Existing imputation methods only consider the global/local structure of spatiotemporal traffic data, resulting in insufficient estimation performance. Fortunately, it is found that traffic data admits the nonlocal self‐similarity (NSS) prior. This paper incorporates the global and nonlocal low‐rank priors of traffic data and proposes a tensor completion model for spatiotemporal traffic data imputation. To be specific, the proposed method uses tensor ring (TR) decomposition with an enhanced representation capability to characterize the global low‐TR‐rank prior of traffic data, e.g. the correlation of sensor and time modes of the tensor (i.e. traffic data). An implicit plug‐and‐play (PnP)‐based regularization is further utilized to exploit the NSS prior, which depicts the nonlocal similar traffic data patterns. Furthermore, the proximal alternating minimization algorithm under the PnP framework is derived to solve this model. The experiment results on various datasets and missing scenarios show the superiority of the proposed model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Direct‐to‐Earth transmissions with optical on/off‐keying are becoming the method of choice to realize telemetry downlinks from low Earth orbit satellites at highest data‐rates. Here, we review the calculation procedure for a practical assessment of the mean link budget in this space‐ground data communication technology. We present a comprehensive survey of the dynamic orbital and beam‐pointing effects as well as the impacts from atmospheric attenuation on the link performance. The paper provides an exhaustive review of the formulas commonly used and propounds a recipe to reliably estimate the received power on ground. An overview of typical data transmitter terminals, transmission channel parameters, and the according optical ground stations is provided. Comparison with measured received powers over transmitter elevation angle and the respective design estimates serves for verification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: High‐order compensation for the inductive coupling power transfer (ICPT) system is preferred due to its high design freedom and excellent coil current harmonics suppression capability. Especially, the good harmonics suppression capability is helpful to implement the synchronous wireless transfer of energy and data with a pair of data communication coils integrated into the energy transfer coils. Thus, on basis of THD1 and THD2 comparison for different high‐order compensation topologies, the LCC‐LC compensated ICPT system with load‐independent zero phase angle (ZPA) and constant voltage output is discussed in this paper. Compared with other high‐order compensation topologies with constant voltage output such as LC‐LC, LC‐LCC, and LCC‐LCC, the LCC‐LC has the advantages of ZPA operation with zero voltage switching and less secondary‐side components. For a given magnetic coupler, infinite feasible combinations of compensation parameters can make the system accomplish ZPA and the same output characteristics. Thus, efficiency optimization of the LCC‐LC compensated ICPT system can be investigated by configuring the optimal compensation parameters. To validate the theoretical analysis, especially the efficiency improvement, the experimental platform with 270 V input and 270 V/3 kW output is designed and built. The comparative experimental results for three different the compensation parameters show the optimized system can improve greatly conversion efficiency over the entire load range, especially under light load. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]