Search

Using a sample of 5,383 investment events of venture capital firms (VCs) investing in Chinese companies between 1997 and 2017, we investigate how levels of human capital of chief executive officers (CEOs) of portfolio companies affect tendencies of foreign and domestic VCs to replace CEOs. We find that domestic and foreign VCs are similar in that they are both less likely to replace CEOs of their portfolio companies if CEOs have higher levels of human capital. Furthermore, we find that domestic and foreign VCs exhibit significant differences in CEO replacement when not considering CEO human capital or when CEOs have lower levels of human capital. Results are consistent with our hypotheses that foreign VCs rely on CEO human capital as a stronger quality signal than domestic VCs, because they have more difficulty monitoring CEOs' post-investment performance. On the contrary, the geographical and cultural proximity of domestic VCs enables them to obtain information other than CEO human capital, such as CEOs' social skills, potential, entrepreneurial passion, and charisma, to make replacement decisions. The study advances our understanding of the behavioral differences between domestic and foreign VCs in the post-investment management process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this text, the new crystal forms of geffitinib were explored through evaporation solution crystallization experiment. The formation of salts was confirmed by the single crystal X-ray diffraction, powder X-ray diffraction, thermo gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry, Raman spectroscopy, hot-stage microscopy and Hirshfeld surface analysis. Furthermore, Hirshfeld surface analysis confirmed that the driving force and supporting force for the formation of crystals were C-C, C-H, N-H, H-H, O-H and Cl-H interactions. The dissolution rate of the new salts of gefitinib in phosphate buffer of pH 6.8 was evaluated, and the results showed a significant increase in solubility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cinnamomum zelanicum is one of the popular medicinal plants. The plant has many pharmaceutical uses in traditional medicine. In this study, copper nanoparticles were synthesized using the aqueous extract of Cinnamomum zelanicum. The CuNPs were characterized using different techniques such as EDX, FE-SEM, XRD, and FT-IR. The FE-SEM results confirm spherical morphology for the nanoparticles with size of 19.55 to 69.70 nm. For investigating the antioxidant property of CuNPs, the DPPH test was used in the presence of butylated hydroxytoluene as the positive control. To survey the cytotoxicity and anti-human lung carcinoma effects of CuNPs, MTT assay was used on the NCI-H2126, NCI-H1437, NCI-H1573, and NCI-H661 cell lines. DPPH test revealed similar antioxidant potentials for Cinnamomum zelanicum aqueous extract, CuNPs, and butylated hydroxytoluene. Copper nanoparticles had very low cell viability and anti-lung carcinoma properties dose-dependently against NCI-H2126, NCI-H1437, NCI-H1573, and NCI-H66 cell lines without any cytotoxicity on the normal cell line. The best result of anti-lung carcinoma properties of CuNPs against the above cell lines was seen in the case of the NCI-H2126 cell line. According to the above findings, the copper nanoparticles containing Cinnamomum zelanicum can be administrated in humans for the treatment of several types of lung carcinoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]