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The cherry tomato is a nutritious product commonly used in salads or consumed as a dietary supplement. However, improper storage after harvesting can lead to a decrease in its quality and shelf-life. In this study, we aimed to assess the effects of free essential oil of Mentha × Piperita L. and solid lipid nanoparticles containing free essential oil at concentrations of 0.025%, 0.05%, 0.075%, 0.1%, and 0.2% on the microbial load and post-harvest quality of Solanum lycopersicum cv. Santiago F1 during 28 days of storage at 8°C. Fruits coated with solid lipid nanoparticles containing essential oil at 0.075%, 0.1%, and 0.2% maintained their quality attributes, including firmness at approximately 50%, ascorbic acid at about 80%, phenolic compounds, color parameters, antioxidant activity at around 71%, and sensory properties compared to the control groups or fruits treated with free essential oil of Mentha × Piperita L. This coating also effectively suppressed cellulase and polyphenol oxidase activity, reducing microbial load and weight loss percentages to under 10%. However, it's important to note that fruits coated with free essential oil of Mentha × Piperita L. at 0.1% and 0.2% showed visible tissue damage. Our research demonstrated that the combination of solid lipid nanoparticles and free essential oil of Mentha × Piperita L. resulted in a decrease in microbial load, an extension of shelf-life, and improvements in the quality characteristics of cherry tomato fruits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to investigate the effect of vitamin C and aspirin on the growth performance of turkeys under normal conditions. For this purpose, 288 male turkeys, BUT6 strain, were used from 1-day-old to 12 weeks of age in nine treatments with four replications and eight birds per replication, as a 3 × 3 factorial experiment [three levels of vitamin C (V; 0, 250, and 500 mg/kg feed), and three levels of aspirin (A; 0, 75, and 150 mg/kg feed)] in a completely randomized design. Our results demonstrated that supplementing with vitamin C and aspirin had no effect on plasma total protein and albumin levels, but the data revealed significant effects on total cholesterol, triglycerides, very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels in the supplemental groups. Also, the interaction of vitamin C and aspirin significantly increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and decreased plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and abdominal fat pad. The results of this study indicated the beneficial effects of vitamin C and aspirin supplements may be related to changes in plasma lipids and body fat under normal conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Orange peel and its extract are good sources of phenols and vitamin C that can be used as powerful antioxidants and antibacterial. The effects of dietary ascorbic acid (AA), orange peel powder (OPP) and orange peel extract (OPE) supplementations on growth performance, blood biochemicals, gene expression and antioxidant status of growing rabbits under hot conditions were investigated. A total of 80 weaned Giant Flander male rabbits, five weeks old (606.25 ± 10.08 g), were randomly assigned to four groups. The first group received untreated diet (control group). The other groups received diets supplemented with 0.5 g AA/kg diet, 2% OPP and 500 mg OPE/kg diet. The lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) was recorded by rabbits consumed diet supplemented with AA. Supplementations of OPP and OPE reduced blood plasma total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein and very-low density lipoprotein concentrations. The tested diets reduced triglycerides, total lipids, hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde levels, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli of the rabbits cecum. Supplementation of OPE improved activities of superoxide dismutase gene (6.1475) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (9.2108). Conclusively, dietary supplementation of OPE improved rabbit performance through improving antioxidant enzyme activities as well as upregulation of insulin-like growth gene. Additionally, OPP and OPE (2% and 500 mg/kg diet, respectively) had antibacterial effects for growing rabbits under hot conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Results from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) testing the effect of vitamin C supplementation on blood pressure (BP) have been inconsistent. This systematic review evaluated the effects of vitamin C supplementation on BP and included RCTs testing the effects of vitamin C supplementation alone, on systolic and diastolic BP in adult participants (≥18 years). Random-effect models were conducted to estimate the pooled effects of vitamin C supplementation on BP. A total of 20 studies with 890 participants were included. The median dose of vitamin C was 757.5 mg/d, the median duration was 6 weeks. Vitamin C supplementation was found to reduce systolic BP by −3.0 mmHg (95%CI: −4.7, −1.3 mmHg; p = 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed a more pronounced effect on systolic BP in patients with hypertension (−3.2 mmHg, 95%CI −5.2, −1.2 mmHg, p = 0.002) and diabetes (−4.6 mmHg, 95%CI −8.9, −0.3 mmHg, p = 0.03). Further research needs to evaluate the long-term effect of vitamin C on BP in populations with impaired cardio-metabolic health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Favipiravir (FPV), an effective antiviral agent, is a drug used to treat influenza and COVID-19 by inhibiting the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of RNA viruses. FPV has the potential to increase oxidative stress and organ damage. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the oxidative stress and inflammation caused by FPV in the liver and kidneys of rats, as well as to investigate the curative effects of vitamin C (VitC). Methods: A total of 40 Sprague–Dawley male rats were randomly and equally divided into the following five groups: 1st; Control, 2nd; FPV = 20 mg/kg, 3rd; FPV = 100 mg/kg, 4th; FPV = 20 mg/kg + VitC (150 mg/kg), and 5th; FPV = 100 mg/kg + VitC (150 mg/kg) groups. Rats were given either FPV (orally) or FPV plus VitC (intramuscular) for 14 days. Rat blood, liver, and kidney samples were collected at 15 days to be analyzed for oxidative and histological changes. Results: FPV administration resulted in an increase in proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) in the liver and kidney, as well as oxidative and histopathologic damage. FPV increased TBARS levels significantly (p <.05) and decreased GSH and CAT levels in liver and kidney tissues but had no effect on SOD activity. VitC supplementation significantly reduced TNF-a, IL-6, and TBARS levels while increasing GSH and CAT levels (p <.05). Furthermore, VitC significantly attenuated FPV-induced histopathological alterations associated with oxidative stress and inflammation in the liver and kidney tissues (p <.05). Conclusion: FPV caused liver and kidney damage in rats. In contrast, co-administration of FPV with VitC improved FPV-induced oxidative, pro-inflammatory, and histopathological changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background:The combined supplementation of vitamins C and E potentially can mitigate oxidative stress (OS) and accelerate recovery following exercise. However, there is little evidence and a lack of consensus on the effects of these vitamins for this purpose. The objective of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence on the effects of the combined supplementation of vitamins C and E in OS, inflammatory markers, muscle damage, muscle soreness, and musculoskeletal functionality following acute exercise. Methods: The search was carried out from inception until March 2021, on MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science, and SPORT Discus. We included placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that evaluated the effects of combined supplementation of vitamins C and E in OS, inflammatory markers, muscle damage, muscle soreness, and muscle strength following a single bout of exercise. Random-effect meta-analyses were used to compare pre to post-exercise mean changes in subjects who received supplementation with vitamins C and E or placebo versus controls. Data are presented as standard mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results: Eighteen RCTs, accounting for data from 322 individuals, were included. The use of vitamins attenuated lipid peroxidation (SMD= −0.703; 95% CI= −1.035 to −0.372; p < 0.001), IL-6 (SMD= −0.576; 95%CI= −1.036 to −0.117; p = 0.014), and cortisol levels (SMD= −0.918; 95%CI= −1.475 to −0.361; p = 0.001) immediately, and creatine kinase levels 48 h following exercise (SMD= −0.991; 95%CI= −1.611 to −0.372; p = 0.002). Supplementing the combination of vitamins had no effects on protein carbonyls, reduced/oxidized glutathione ratio, catalase, interleukin-1Ra, C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, muscle soreness, and muscle strength. Conclusion: Prior supplementation of the combination of vitamins C and E attenuates OS (lipid peroxidation), the inflammatory response (interleukin-6), cortisol levels, and muscle damage (creatine kinase) following a session of exercise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic that can lead to severe respiratory distress requiring hospitalization and can be fatal. Media have reported that various dietary supplements (DS) or their combination with different medications can prevent infection or decrease disease severity. Here, we analyzed data collected from 15,830 patient follow-up telephone interviews from the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences COVID-19 testing sites from March 15 to August 1, 2020. Within the REDCap database, we recorded patient demographics and DS and medication use. In total, data on DS and medication use was available for 8,150 study participants, of whom 21.9% and 4.1% reported using DS or medications, respectively, to either prevent or treat COVID-19. The majority of respondents were female (64%) and non-Hispanic whites (44.5%). Most individuals (64.5%) who took DS were younger than 50 years of age. Products such as vitamin C (1,013, 33.2%), multivitamins (722, 23.6%), and vitamin D (294, 9.6%) were the most commonly used DS among the responders. Analysis of the DS use and symptom scores association did not provide a strong evidence of beneficial health effects of DS. The results of this study demonstrate that a significantly higher proportion of study participants considered usage of DS to mitigate or prevent COVID-19-related symptoms compared to those who preferred medications. However, lack of observable health benefits associated with ingestion of DS suggests that more rigorous research is needed to substantiate the label claims. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herbal additives and vitamins have gained considerable attention to improve fish health. This study investigates the effects of vitamin C (VC), Thymus vulgaris L. essential oil (TE), and quercetin (QR) supplementation on growth performance, digestive enzyme, body composition, and biochemical parameters of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Four hundred and twenty fish weighing 20.46 ± 0.07 g were randomly divided into seven experimental treatments in triplicates. Experimental diets were containing as T1 (0, control), T2 (500 mg/kg VC), T3 (1000 mg/kg VC), T4 (1% TE), T5 (2% TE), T6 (200 mg/kg QR), and T7 (800 mg/kg QR). Fish were fed 3% of body weight daily for 60 days. According to the results, the groups fed with experimental diets showed the higher final weight, weight gain (WG), specific growth rate (SGR), and survival rate (SR) and lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to the control group (p <.05). Regarding biochemical indices results, T5, T6, and T7 significantly had the higher serum total protein (TP) than the control (p <.05). Meanwhile, albumin (ALB) showed no significant difference in all groups (p >.05). All the supplemented groups were found to have significantly lower creatinine (CRT), glucose (GLU), and urea (UR) and higher globulin (GLO) content compare to the control (p <.05). Moreover, T3, T4, and T5 showed a significant decrease in triglyceride (TRIG) levels compared to the control (p <.05). Cholesterol (CHOL) activity in T4 supplemented group was significantly lower than the control (p <.05). Also, cortisol (CORT) recorded a significant decrease in T6 and T7 compared to the control (p <.05). Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) had a significantly lower level in T4, T6, and T7 compared to the control (p <.05). The whole fish body composition was not affected by the feed additives and the control (p >.05). Besides, significant enhancements were observed in cases of intestine protease, amylase, and lipase enzymes in all the supplemented groups compared to the control (p <.05). In conclusion, the present results demonstrated that VC, TE, and QR could effectively improve survival, growth performance, and biochemical indices in C. carpio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although some epidemiological studies have reported the associations between vitamin C and risk of esophageal cancer, these results are inconsistent. Therefore, we performed an updated meta-analysis to explore the associations between dietary vitamin C intake and risk of esophageal cancer. We used PubMed, Embase, and the Web of Science to screen all published articles, which yielded 18 papers eligible for data extraction (involving 4,126 cases and 36,902 controls), and then pooled the odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using random-effects model. As we detected the associations in highest category and the lowest type of dietary vitamin C intake, we discovered that dietary vitamin C intake was negatively correlated to the risk of esophageal cancer. The analysis of subgroup showed a significant counter proportion between vitamin C and the risk of ESCC and EAC. Moreover, the dose-analysis indicated that if increasing dietary intake of vitamin C of 50 mg/day, esophageal cancer risk dropped down 10% (OR = 0.81, 95%CI: 0.75-0.87). In summary, our study provides a comprehensive and updated epidemiological evidence to elucidate the relationships between dietary vitamin C and reduction of esophageal cancer risk. Nevertheless, we still need larger case-control and cohort studies to confirm these connections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article was to assess the existing systematic reviews and meta-analyses for the association between vitamin C intake and multiple health outcomes. A total of 76 meta-analyses (51 papers) of randomised controlled trials and observational studies with 63 unique health outcomes were identified. Dose–response analysis showed that vitamin C intake was associated with reduced risk of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease (CVD), oesophageal cancer, gastric cancer, cervical cancer and lung cancer with an increment of 50–100 mg per day. Beneficial associations were also identified for respiratory, neurological, ophthalmologic, musculoskeletal, renal and dental outcomes. Harmful associations were found for breast cancer and kidney stones for vitamin C supplement intake. The benefits of vitamin C intake outweigh the disadvantages for a range of health outcomes. However, the recommendation of vitamin C supplements needs to be cautious. More prospective studies and well-designed randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cleome gynandra (Syn. Gynandropsis gynandra) is fast emerging as one of the most widely consumed leafy vegetables due to its nutrition and health-promoting properties. In addition to its high nutritional content, the plant has a rich pool of diverse antioxidant phytochemicals. The current review provides a critical appraisal on the increasing nutritional significance of Cleome gynandra due to its rich pool of natural bioactive compounds and beneficial health-promoting qualities. The rich nutritional content especially the high levels of macro- and micronutrients is an indication of its potential to mitigate malnutrition and the increasing incidence of diet-related obesity and non-communicable diseases. The presence of health-promoting natural compounds, notably polyphenols, glucosinates and terpernoids has been confirmed in Cleome gynandra using different analytical methods. Cleome gynandra possesses high levels of α-tocopherol, β-tocopherol and γ-tocopherol, ascorbic acid, α-carotene, β-carotene, lutein, violaxanthin, and β-cryptoxanthin. These nutritional compounds could be useful in food applications as supplements, colorants and extending shelf-life of food products. Cleome gynandra extracts have demonstrated promising effects in several biological assays using in vitro and in vivo systems. Clearly, diversified diets that include a regular intake of dark green leafy vegetables including Cleome gynandra, holds great promise in ensuring food and nutrition security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important epigenetic regulators in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), with miR-31 being considered an oncomir and miR-375, a tumor suppressor miR, which are up- and down-regulated in HNSCC, respectively. Nutrients are known to influence miRNA expression; however, this association is poorly explored in HNSCC. This work aimed to identify associations between dietary intake and the expression of miR-31 and miR-375 in patients newly diagnosed with HNSCC. The expression of miR-31 was positively associated with the consumption of iron (β = 16.65) and vitamin C (β = 0.37), and inversely associated with total sugar (β = −0.88), cholesterol (β= −0.23), vitamin B9 (β= −0.37) and zinc (β = −5.66) intake. The expression of miR-375 was positively associated with the consumption of selenium (β = 1.52), vitamin C (β = 0.17) and vitamin D (β = 13.01), and inversely associated with the consumption of added sugar (β = −0.49), phosphorus (β= −0.27) and vitamin B12 (β = −10.80). Our findings showed important associations between dietary intake and miR-31 and miR-375 expression in HNSCC, offering possible directions for further studies investigating how nutrients interfere with carcinogenesis. Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/01635581.2021.1990972. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Present study was designed to explore the efficacy of vitamin C and E (VC&VE) against fluoride mediated testicular, epididymal and spermatozoal anomalies. Thirty two adult Wistar rats were divided into four groups. Group-I was control; Group-II received sodium fluoride (NaF) at 15 mg/kg/day dose; Group-III was provided with VC (200 mg/kg/day) and VE (400 mg/kg/day) plus NaF; Group-IV received only VC&VE. Structural integrity and oxidative stress markers (superoxide dismutase, catalase, malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl) of testis and epididymis were assessed. Spermatozoal parameters (count, motility, viability and hypo-osmotic swelling) were evaluated. Testicular functional maker enzymes (acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase) were also assessed. Integrity of testicular and spermatozoal DNA was evaluated. Testicular fluoride content was measured. Fluoride induced structural changes and alterations of oxidative stress markers were observed in testis and epididymis. Spermatozoal potentials were altered and reduced activities of testicular functional marker enzymes were observed. Fluoride caused testicular and spermatozoal DNA damages. VC&VE supplementation resulted in protection from all fluoride mediated alterations and helped in attenuating testicular fluoride accumulation. Antioxidant properties of VC&VE ameliorated fluoride mediated reproductive damages but only supplementation did not exhibit any notable effect compared to control rats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

COVID-19 (COronaVIrus Disease of 2019), the disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), represents an ongoing global health challenge and the deadliest epidemic coronavirus outbreak to date. Early sequencing of the viral genome and knowledge from past coronavirus outbreaks (SARS-CoV-1 and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, MERS) has led to rapid advances in knowledge of how the virus spreads and infects human hosts. Unfortunately, advancing knowledge has not yet produced a treatment that substantially lowers morbidity or mortality and only recently resulted in the development of a vaccine that prevents severe disease. Mounting evidence supports the notion that dietary supplementation of key essential nutrients may contribute to the body's defenses against infection as well as bolster the body's responses to infection. Evidence supporting the potential beneficial roles of vitamin C, vitamin D, zinc, and B3 vitamins is reviewed here, revealing a combination of basic research elucidating underlying mechanisms of action, preclinical studies and human intervention studies has led to the proliferation of registered clinical trials on COVID-19. Overall, the data suggest this collection of nutrients has a promising impact on reducing the risk and/or severity of COVID-19, although firm conclusions await the results of these trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to compare the dietary intake of carotenoids, tocopherols, ascorbic acid, flavonoids, and dietary total antioxidant capacity (dTAC) and to evaluate relationship of dTAC with serum inflammatory biomarkers in patients with gastrointestinal system (GIS) and non-GIS cancer. In total, 104 adult cancer survivors (52 GIS and 52 non-GIS cancer cases) were included. 24-hour dietary recalls were obtained and dTAC was calculated on the basis of oxygen radical absorption capacity (ORAC), Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter (TRAP), ferric reducing antioxidant potential (FRAP), and vitamin C equivalents (VCE). Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were used as inflammatory biomarkers. Routinely analyzed serum CRP, neutrophil, lymphocyte, and platelet levels every day in hospital biochemistry laboratory were obtained from patients' file. There was no significant difference between patients with GIS and non-GIS cancer in terms of dietary intake of carotenoids, tocopherols, and flavonoids. While there was no significant difference between groups in terms of the mean dietary ORAC, TEAC, and FRAP, the mean TRAP of patients with GIS cancer was significantly higher than patients with non-GIS cancer. Serum inflammatory markers (CRP and NLR) were found to have an inverse relationship with dTAC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polypharmacy regimens may increase the susceptibility of older adults to micronutrient inadequacy and deficiency via impairment of nutritional status. We hypothesized that a multi-vitamin-mineral supplement (MVMS) could improve nutritional status in older adults prescribed diuretics, metformin, and/or proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled, parallel clinical trial in which eligible subjects were instructed to consume either a MVMS or placebo for 16 wk. Fasting blood was collected at baseline, 8, and 16 wk and the status of selected vitamins and minerals determined. Thirty-five and 19 men and women aged 45–75 yrs in the in MVMS and placebo arms, respectively, completed the trial. The mean total number of medications among the three drug classes taken by participants did not differ between two groups. The status of vitamins B1, B12, C and folate and calcium, copper, magnesium and zinc at baseline were within normal ranges. The MVMS group had a greater change in nutrient status after 16 wk compared to the placebo group for serum folate (7.5 vs. –1.6 ng/mL, p < 0.0001), vitamin B12 (159.2 vs. –33.9 pg/mL, p = 0.007), and plasma vitamin C (0.2 vs. 0.0 mg/dL, p = 0.004). Other measured vitamins and minerals were not significantly changed during the intervention. In conclusion, the status of vitamins B12, C and folate improved with MVMS but remained within normal ranges in older adults taking diuretics, metformin, and/or PPIs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We assessed the relation between dietary total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and risk of glioma among Iranian adults. Design: A hospital-based case-control study. Setting: This case-control investigation was done in 2011. Usual dietary intakes of participants during the preceding year were examined using a food frequency questionnaire. Data on dietary TAC from foods was gathered from published databases that provided the antioxidant capacity for each food item, measured by ferric reducing antioxidant power. Participants: Cases were individuals with pathologically confirmed glioma that were diagnosed during the last month (n = 128). Controls were individuals, aged between 20 and 75 years, who were hospitalized or were outpatients referred to other wards of the same hospitals (n = 256). Results: Compared with participants in the lowest quartile, those in the highest quartile of dietary TAC had a lower odds of glioma (OR: 0.28, 95%CI: 0.15–0.45). This association was strengthened when potential confounders were taken into account (OR: 0.13; 95%CI: 0.05–0.35). Such inverse association was also seen for men (OR: 0.05, 95%CI: 0.01–0.19), but not for women. Furthermore, significant inverse associations were seen between dietary intakes of vitamin C (OR for Q4 vs. Q1: 0.14, 95%CI: 0.05–0.36; P-trend < 0.01), vitamin B6 (OR for Q4 vs. Q1: 0.35, 95%CI: 0.13–0.97; P-trend = 0.02) and β-carotene (OR for Q3 vs. Q1: 0.43, 95%CI: 0.19–0.98; P-trend = 0.57) and glioma, after controlling for potential covariates. Conclusions: We found that dietary TAC as well as dietary intake of vitamin C, vitamin B6, and β-carotene was inversely associated with odds of glioma in adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplemental vitamin C and zinc sulfate on performance, egg quality characteristics and blood parameters of laying hens reared under cold stress condition. A total of 144 Lohmann-LSL Lite laying hens (65 weeks old) were allotted to 24 groups. Based on a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement, four corn-soybean-based diets (2750 kcal/kg ME and 14.69% CP) including two levels of vitamin C (0, 240 mg/kg) and two levels of zinc sulfate (0, 40 mg/kg) were assigned to hens with six replicate cages (n = 6) during 3-month experimental period. The data were analysed in a completely randomized design using GLM procedure of SAS. Increased egg weight (EW), egg mass (EM) and albumin weight egg and heterophil to lymphocyte ratio, and reduced FCR were observed in hens fed the zinc-included diet (P < 0.05). Supplementing the diet of laying hens, with zinc sulfate increased egg mass and improved FCR. Significant interaction between supplemental vitamin C and zinc sulfate was detected on egg Haugh unit and shell thickness, so that the best results were observed when the diet of laying hens was supplemented by 240 mg/kg vitamin C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In this study, we investigated the effects of supplementation and exercise on the expression of genes associated with inflammation like CCL2, CRP, IL1, IL6, IL10 mRNA in elderly women. Methods: Twenty four participants divided randomly into two groups were subjected to 6 weeks of the same health training program (three times per week). SUP group (supplemented, n = 12, mean age 72.8 ± 5.26 years and mean body mass 68.1 ± 8.3 kg) received 1000 mg of Vitamin C/day during the training period, while CON group (control, n = 12, mean age 72.4 ± 5.5 years and body mass 67.7 ± 7.5 kg) received placebo. Results: No significant changes in IL-1, IL-6, IL-10 and CRP mRNA were observed within and between groups. However, there was a clear tendency of a decrease in IL-6 (two-way ANOVA, significant between investigated time points) and an increase in IL-10 mRNA noted in the supplemented group. A significant decrease in CCL2 mRNA was observed only in the CON group (from 2^0.2 to 2^0.1, p = 0.01). Conclusions: It can be concluded, that 6 weeks of supplementation and exercise was too short to obtain significant changes in gene expression in leukocytes, but supplementation of 1000 mg vitamin C positively affected IL-6 and IL-10 expression – which are key changes in the adaptation to training. However, changes in body mass, IL1 and CCL2 were positive in CON group. It is possible that Vitamin C during 6 weeks of supplementation could have different effects on the expression of individual genes involved in the immune response. Trial registration: Retrospectively registered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]