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Esketamine provides an immediate and noticeable antidepressant effect, although the underlying molecular processes are yet unclear. Irisin induced by aerobic exercise has been implicated in the alleviation of depressive symptoms, whether irisin expression responds to the administration of esketamine remains unknown. In this study, we found that irisin was reduced in the hippocampus and peripheral blood of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) mice, whereas the irisin level was rescued by esketamine treatment. The reduction of PGC-1α expression (transcriptional regulator of irisin gene expression) in the CUMS mice was rescued by esketamine treatment, PGC-1α knockdown significantly reduced the irisin level induced by esketamine. Additionally, FNDC5/irisin-knockout mice developed more severe depressant-like behaviors than wild-type mice under CUMS stimulation, with an attenuated the antidepressant effect of esketamine. Further research indicated that irisin-mediated modulation of esketamine on depressive-like behaviors in CUMS mice involved the ERK1/2 pathway. Overall, the PGC-1α/irisin/ERK1/2 signaling activation may be a new mechanism underlying the antidepressant activity of esketamine, denoting that irisin may be a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Obtaining the position of ego-vehicle is a crucial prerequisite for automatic control and path planning in the field of autonomous driving. Most existing positioning systems rely on GPS, RTK, or wireless signals, which are arduous to provide effective localization under weak signal conditions. This paper proposes a real-time positioning system based on the detection of the parking numbers as they are unique positioning marks in the parking lot scene. It does not only can help with the positioning with open area, but also run independently under isolation environment. The result tested on both public datasets and self-collected dataset show that the system outperforms others in both performances and applies in practice. In addition, the code and dataset will release later. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vehicle re-identification (Re-ID) is a critical component of the autonomous driving perception system, and research in this area has accelerated in recent years. However, there is yet no perfect solution to the vehicle re-identification issue associated with the car's surround-view camera system. Our analysis identifies two significant issues in the aforementioned scenario: (1) It is difficult to identify the same vehicle in many picture frames due to the unique construction of the fisheye camera. (2) The appearance of the same vehicle when seen via the surround vision system's several cameras is rather different. To overcome these issues, we suggest an integrative vehicle Re-ID solution method. On the one hand, we provide a technique for determining the consistency of the tracking box drift with respect to the target. On the other hand, we combine a Re-ID network based on the attention mechanism with spatial limitations to increase performance in situations involving multiple cameras. Finally, our approach combines state-of-the-art accuracy with real-time performance. We will soon make the source code and annotated fisheye dataset available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abundant nanostructures have been constantly found in various foods, like vinegar, tea, coffee, and milk. However, these structures largely remain unexplored and even been eliminated for stability reasons in food industry. Here we report the isolation, characterization, and antioxidant activities of food nanoparticles (NPs) carrying polyphenols from Chinese rice vinegar. Using a gel-chromatography-based isolation protocol, the vinegar was separated into three major fractions. They were identified as spherical NPs (P1), lollipop-like NPs (P2) and spherical microparticles (P3) with average hydrodynamic diameter of 210, 245,1643 nm, separately. The former two fractions accounted for the major parts of dry matter in the vinegar. The P1-NPs fraction was composed of proteins, carbohydrates, and a high number of polyphenols (15 wt%), demonstrated potent antioxidant activity as determined by ABTS and ORAC assays. Moreover, they effectively quenched peroxyl free radicals in peritoneal macrophages and promoted cellular growth. The P2 fraction contained majority of organic acids, esters and mineral elements of the vinegar. It demonstrated the NPs are bioactive units of the rice vinegar, inspiring the development of novel functional nanomaterials with nutraceutical and pharmaceutical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CoZn layered double hydroxide (LDH) or Co(OH)2 pseudocapacitive material has been prepared on the current collector of carbon fiber paper (CFP) using an eco-friendly one-step electrodeposition. Benefiting from its unique structural feature, the binder-free CoZn LDH/CFP electrode material realizes high specific capacitance of 1156 Fg−1 at a current density of 1 Ag−1 and excellent rate capability of 80% retention with 16 fold current density increment, which is much better than that of Co(OH)2 (617 Fg−1, 65%). Notably, the CoZn LDH/CFP can retain an outstanding electrochemical stability with a capacitance degradation of only 6% after 6000 charge–discharge cycles at 32 Ag−1. Moreover, an asymmetric supercapacitor (ASC) using CoZn LDH/CFP as a positive electrode and AC/CFP as a negative electrode has been assembled. The ASC exhibits a superior energy density of 30.0 Whkg−1 at a power density of 800 Wkg−1 with a specific capacitance up to 84.4 Fg−1 and a potential window wide to 1.6 V. These encouraging results indicate that CoZn LDH/CFP composite material has a great potential for next-generation energy conversion/storage devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]