Search

Human astrovirus (HAstV) is one of the common causes of acute gastroenteritis in children. The investigation of molecular epidemiology of HAstV is essential for monitoring the emergence and/or re-emergence of new HAstV genotypes, as well as understanding the evolution of HAstV circulating in children suffering from acute gastroenteritis. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence and distribution of HAstVs strains circulating in children hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in Chiang Mai, Thailand during 2017–2020. A total of 1500 fecal specimens collected from children with acute gastroenteritis were screened for HAstV by RT-PCR that targeted the partial RdRp in ORF1b and strains were characterized by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Of the 1500 fecal samples, 39 (2.6%) were positive for HAstV. Of these, both classic and novel HAstV genotypes, including classic HAstV1–HAstV5, novel HAstV-MLB1, MLB2, and HAstV-VA2, were detected. The data in this study revealed a high divergence of HAstV genotypes circulating in pediatric patients admitted to the hospitals with acute gastroenteritis in Chiang Mai, Thailand during 2017–2020. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Penetrating planetary regolith is extremely important to explore the secrets inside extraterrestrial celestial bodies. Applying the concept and method of bionics to endow planetary regolith-burrowing robots (PRBRs) with elegant and flexible mobility as natural creatures is gradually becoming a research hotspot in the field of planetary robotics. Compared with traditional penetrating methods, such as drilling and excavation, bioinspired burrowing methods are still seldom studied. This work presents a detailed review of the progress and perspective of bioinspired PRBRs. According to the burrowing mechanisms and strategies of creatures, the current bioinspired PRBRs are divided into seven categories, namely wriggling, undulating, dual-anchoring, grabbing-pushing, reciprocating, granular fluidizing methods inspired by animals, and root growth method inspired by plants. The general characteristics of these robots are summarized in-depth, and the advantages and disadvantages are compared. Then, the key technologies of determining the functionalities and performance of bioinspired PRBRs are comprehensively analyzed, including bioinspired mechanism design, motion control, robot-regolith interaction, and terrestrial validation. Finally, the development trend of bioinspired PRBRs is presented, including new mechanisms and materials, autonomous burrowing control, and intelligent perception and communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human astrovirus (HAstV) is one of the common causes of acute gastroenteritis in children. The investigation of molecular epidemiology of HAstV is essential for monitoring the emergence and/or re-emergence of new HAstV genotypes, as well as understanding the evolution of HAstV circulating in children suffering from acute gastroenteritis. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence and distribution of HAstVs strains circulating in children hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in Chiang Mai, Thailand during 2017–2020. A total of 1500 fecal specimens collected from children with acute gastroenteritis were screened for HAstV by RT-PCR that targeted the partial RdRp in ORF1b and strains were characterized by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Of the 1500 fecal samples, 39 (2.6%) were positive for HAstV. Of these, both classic and novel HAstV genotypes, including classic HAstV1–HAstV5, novel HAstV-MLB1, MLB2, and HAstV-VA2, were detected. The data in this study revealed a high divergence of HAstV genotypes circulating in pediatric patients admitted to the hospitals with acute gastroenteritis in Chiang Mai, Thailand during 2017–2020. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Author Correction: High divergence of human astrovirus genotypes circulating in pediatric patients hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis in Chiang Mai, Thailand, 2017-2020 Correction to: I Scientific Reports i https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-02745-7, published online 01 December 2021 The original version of this Article contained errors in Table 1, where the percentage total (%) of "No. of HAstV co-infection" was incorrect. [Extracted from the article]

Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. The original article can be found online at https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-021-00863-2 B Correction to: Space Sci. Rev. (2021) 217:87 b https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-021-00863-2 The original article was published with an affiliation sequence error introduced during typesetting. [Extracted from the article]

Deep space exploration can satisfy humanity's curiosity about the origin of life and the evolution of the universe and enhance our understanding of the internal geological structure and climate change of extraterrestrial bodies. The most direct way to explore extraterrestrial bodies is to sample and analyze the regolith. Drilling is the most effective sampling method, and extraterrestrial regolith drills have helped humans acquire many samples in planetary exploration. Developing high applicable and flexible ERDs for extraterrestrial regolith penetration and sampling has attracted strong attention from scientists and engineers worldwide. This paper presents a detailed review of extraterrestrial drilling technologies. Firstly, the particularities of extraterrestrial drilling are introduced. Then, the ERDs utilized in previous planetary exploration missions and the latest advances are reviewed in detail, including the categories, historical context, and (dis)advantages. Next, the general characteristics of extraterrestrial drilling are summarized, including the mainstream approaches to studying the drilling mechanics and thermophysics. Then, the critical technologies of ERDs, from a conceptual design to a practical prototype, are analyzed in depth. Finally, the prospects for extraterrestrial drilling technology are presented, including water ice drilling, long tunnel boring, deep drilling, and intelligent drilling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Late Paleozoic tectonic evolution of northeastern China is complicated by the interaction of the Central Asian Orogenic belt development and the initiation of subduction from the Pacific Ocean plate along the eastern margin of Asia. In this study, we elucidate this problem by collecting new geochemical and geochronological data from late Paleozoic bimodal igneous rocks from the eastern margin of the Jiamusi block. By LA–ICP–MS zircon U–Pb dating, the 206Pb/238U age of the granitoid sample is 313–279 Ma, and the diabase 206Pb/238U age is 298–276 Ma. Rock geochemical studies show that diabase and granitoid have obvious chemical differentiation characteristics, indicating that they are the products of non-homologous magmatic evolution. Zircon Lu–Hf isotopes indicate that diabase magma originates from the metasomatism of the mantle wedge by subducting oceanic crust melts, granitoid magma mainly comes from the lower crust and the new crust. Our results together with a synthesis of existing data show that bimodal magmatism occurred in the study area from the Late Carboniferous to Early Permian when the Jiamusi block was an active continental margin and in a stretching background. Our synthesis of the existing data places our new data into a regional tectonic framework, and our proposed tectonic model provides the following new insights: (1) the northward expansion of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean from the Late Carboniferous to the Early Triassic led to the overall northward drift of the Paleo-Asian Ocean and the Xing'an-Mongolian Orogenic belt, which marks the easternmost segment of the Central Asian Orogenic belt, (2) the Paleo-Asian Ocean continued Late Permian–Early Triassic subduction caused back extension that rifted the Jiamusi and Songnen blocks apart and formed the Mudanjiang Ocean. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]