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Abstract Toulmin model has been widely applied to composition-rhetoric and several modified models have been advanced. However, those modified versions diverge widely from Toulmin model. To Keep loyalty to Toulmin’s argumentation and infuse van Eemeren et al.’s pragma-dialectic view, we propose a new modified model as an analytical framework for argumentative essays, with the assumption that a writer is in fact arguing with a potential reader who holds a different view. The proposed framework was applied to explore the Chinese writers’ argumentative essays with content analysis employed. Altogether 60 essays were selected, coded, and analyzed. The results show that the Chinese writers preferred parallel arguments (i.e., several arguments supporting the same claim with the same ground-warrant structure) to hierarchical ones, justification to opposition, and descriptive warrant to the other types. Moreover, the adult expert writers wrote more warrants and qualifiers than the novice writers. The results reveal Chinese rhetoric and writing conventions, and prove the effectiveness of our proposed analytical framework.

In 2015, Mao (J. Comput. Appl. Math., 290, 370–384, 2015) proposed the truncated Euler-Maruyama (EM) method for stochastic differential equations (SDEs) under the local Lipschitz condition plus the Khasminskii-type condition. Adapting the truncation idea from Mao (J. Comput. Appl. Math., 290, 370–384, 2015) and Mao (Appl. Numer. Math., 296, 362–375, 2016), lots of modified truncated EM methods are proposed (see, e.g., Guo et al. (Appl. Numer. Math., 115, 235–251, 2017,) and Lan and Xia (J. Comput. Appl. Math., 334, 1–17, 2018) and Li et al. (IMA J. Numer. Anal., 39(2), 847–892, 2019) and the references therein). These truncated-type EM methods Mao (J. Comput. Appl. Math., 290, 370–384, 2015) and Mao (Appl. Numer. Math., 296, 362–375, 2016) and Guo et al. (Appl. Numer. Math., 115, 235–251, 2017,) and Lan and Xia (J. Comput. Appl. Math., 334, 1–17, 2018) and Li et al. (IMA J. Numer. Anal., 39(2), 847–892, 2019) construct the numerical solutions by defining an appropriate truncation projection, then applying the truncation projection to the numerical solutions before substituting them into the coefficients in each iteration. In this paper, we develop a new class of explicit schemes for superlinear stochastic differential equations with piecewise continuous arguments (SDEPCAs), which are defined by directly truncating the coefficients. Our method has a more simple structure and is easier to implement. We not only show the explicit schemes converge strongly to SDEPCAs but also demonstrate the convergence rate is optimal 1/2. A numerical example is provided to demonstrate the theoretical results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study investigates the role of CXXC5 in the self-renewal and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) within the bone marrow microenvironment, utilizing advanced methodologies such as single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), CRISPR-Cas9, and proteomic analysis. Methods: We employed flow cytometry to isolate HSCs from bone marrow samples, followed by scRNA-seq analysis using the 10x Genomics platform to examine cell clustering and CXXC5 expression patterns. CRISPR-Cas9 and lentiviral vectors facilitated the knockout and overexpression of CXXC5 in HSCs. The impact on HSCs was assessed through qRT-PCR, Western blot, CCK-8, CFU, and LTC-IC assays, alongside flow cytometry to measure apoptosis and cell proportions. A mouse model was also used to evaluate the effects of CXXC5 manipulation on HSC engraftment and survival rates. Results: Our findings highlight the diversity of cell clustering and the significant role of CXXC5 in HSC regulation. Knockout experiments showed reduced proliferation and accelerated differentiation, whereas overexpression led to enhanced proliferation and delayed differentiation. Proteomic analysis identified key biological processes influenced by CXXC5, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. In vivo results demonstrated that CXXC5 silencing impaired HSC engraftment in a bone marrow transplantation model. Conclusion: CXXC5 is crucial for the regulation of HSC self-renewal and differentiation in the bone marrow microenvironment. Its manipulation presents a novel approach for enhancing HSC function and provides a potential therapeutic target for hematological diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Vancomycin trough concentration is closely associated with clinical efficacy and toxicity. Predicting vancomycin trough concentrations in pediatric patients is challenging due to significant inter-individual variability and rapid physiological changes during maturation. Aim: This study aimed to develop a machine learning model to predict vancomycin trough concentrations and determine optimal dosing regimens for pediatric patients < 4 years of age using ML algorithms. Method: A single-center retrospective observational study was conducted from January 2017 to March 2020. Pediatric patients who received intravenous vancomycin and underwent therapeutic drug monitoring were enrolled. Seven ML models [linear regression, gradient boosted decision trees, support vector machine, decision tree, random forest, Bagging, and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost)] were developed using 31 variables. Performance metrics including R-squared (R2), mean square error (MSE), root mean square error (RMSE), and mean absolute error (MAE) were compared, and important features were ranked. Results: The study included 120 eligible trough concentration measurements from 112 patients. Of these, 84 measurements were used for training and 36 for testing. Among the seven algorithms tested, XGBoost showed the best performance, with a low prediction error and high goodness of fit (MAE = 2.55, RMSE = 4.13, MSE = 17.12, and R2 = 0.59). Blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and creatinine clearance rate were identified as the most important predictors of vancomycin trough concentration. Conclusion: An XGBoost ML model was developed to predict vancomycin trough concentrations and aid in drug treatment predictions as a decision-support technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drug labeling and instructions provide essential information for patients regarding the usage of drugs. Instructions for the dosage of drug usage are critical for the effectiveness of the drug and the safety of patients. The dosage of many drugs varies depending on the patient's age. However, as our understanding of human biology deepens, we believe that these instructions need to be modified to incorporate different life stages. This is because human biology and metabolism differ significantly among different life stages, and their responses to drugs also vary. Additionally, the same age of different persons may fall into different life stages. Therefore, our group from multiple institutes and countries proposes a reexamination of whether incorporating life stages in all or any drug instructions will greatly enhance drug efficiency and patients' health. The Abstract shows that different life stages and during the periods of changes of these life stages should be considered for different drug dosages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has critical implications for mental health in children. This study examined how the COVID-19 lockdown affected sleep duration and anxiety symptoms in Chinese school-aged children and the bidirectional association between sleep and anxiety before and during the COVID-19 lockdown. A school-based longitudinal cohort study was conducted to examine the relationship between sleep duration and anxiety scores before and after the COVID-19 lockdown from January to May 2020. Generalized estimating equations model was used to identify variables that contributed to the changes in sleep duration. The bidirectional relationship between sleep duration and anxiety symptoms was explored by cross-lagged analysis. 7681 children completed two waves of surveys were included in the analysis. The daily exercise duration, anxiety symptoms, and sleep duration decreased significantly during the lockdown compared with that before the lockdown. Based on generalized estimating equations model, older age, secondary school, and higher anxiety scores of participants were positively associated with sleep duration, while female and no COVID-19 infection history were negatively associated with it. Cross-lagged analysis showed higher anxiety score of children before the lockdown was significantly associated with shorter sleep duration during the lockdown; and shorter sleep duration of children before the lockdown was also significantly associated with a higher anxiety score during the lockdown. Under the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, there were longitudinal, bidirectional associations between children’s anxiety symptoms and sleep duration. For school students, mental health services and sleep education should be considered in the daily health education curriculum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, human activities intensified the combined pollution of fluoride and lead in acidic tea garden soil. The key to eliminating this combined pollution is to immobilize pollutants simultaneously, thus preventing their migration from tea garden soil to tea trees. In this paper, the natural product bayberry tannin was employed as raw material to fabricate functional materials (TF-Zr) for simultaneous adsorption of fluorine (F) and lead (Pb) in water and soil by the reactivity of tannin with Pb2+ and the affinity of Zr with F. SEM-Mapping, EDS, FT-IR, XPS were utilized to probe the immobilization mechanisms. The results showed that TF-Zr could simultaneously and efficiently adsorb F– and Pb2+ from water with the adsorption capacity of 5.02 mg/g (Pb) and 4.55 mg/g (F). The adsorption processes were both in accordance with the proposed secondary kinetic adsorption model. Besides, the presence of F– promoted the adsorption of Pb2+ by TF-Zr. The materials were applied into tea garden soil to explore its effect on the variation of F and Pb forms in the soil. It was found that the proportion of water-soluble fluorine, exchangeable fluorine and exchangeable lead in the tea garden soil decreased significantly, while the proportion of residual fluorine and lead increased evidently, illustrating TF-Zr possessed eximious fixation effect on the highly reactive fluorine and lead in the soil and facilitated their conversion to the more stable residue state. Therefore, TF-Zr can be used for the efficient and simultaneous immobilization of fluorine and lead in water and tea garden soil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In deep underground geotechnical engineering, water–rock interaction emerges as a critical factor influencing the stability of engineering rock masses. This study delves into the macroscopic nonlinear mechanical behavior and fracture characteristics of natural water-bearing and saturated sandstone samples under various true triaxial stress states. The objective is to systematically elucidate the impact of actual three-dimensional stress conditions and water content on the mechanical behavior and fracture mechanisms of sandstone formations. The findings reveal significant anisotropic deformation in sandstone under 3D stress, while saturated sandstone exhibits robust plastic deformation capacity. Moreover, changes in the strain ratio coefficient are identified as precursors to rock fracture. The dilatation behavior of sandstone weakens progressively with increasing σ2, indicating reduced expansion in saturated sandstone. To account for the influence of σ2, a novel dilation index is proposed. The true triaxial strength of sandstone demonstrates a close relationship with both σ2 and water content, with strength initially increasing before declining as σ2 rises. In addition, water significantly undermines sandstone strength, although this weakening trend moderates with increasing σ2. Morphological analysis and SEM observations unveil three-dimensional volume fracturing characteristics in rock fractures, primarily characterized by shear accompanied by tensile fractures. Saturated sandstone samples, in contrast, exhibit numerous tensile and intergranular fractures. Overall, this study holds paramount practical significance for the evaluation of rock stability and the design of water-bearing engineering rock masses, encompassing domains, such as geology, water conservancy, and mining. Highlights: The influence of the σ2 and water on the nonlinear mechanical behavior of sedimentary sandstone was studied. A new dilatation index and strength criterion considering the effect of the σ2 was proposed. The 3D fracture morphology and failure network characteristics of sandstone was analyzed. Mesoscopic fracture mechanism of the σ2 and water on sandstone was revealed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on the fixed-time stability of a class of nonlinear systems with uncertain disturbances and time-varying delays. Different from other papers, the second-order sliding mode control algorithm (SOSMCA) is developed in this article to study the fixed-time stability of nonlinear systems for the first time. Additionally, the novel sliding mode surface (SMC) and second-order SMC are presented. And the stability and reachability of the sliding-mode dynamics under a faster settling time are demonstrated. Finally, the applicability and validity of the obtained SOSMCA are demonstrated by a simulation example with the F-404 aircraft engine model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Liriodendrin is a lignan compound that is involved in a wide variety of physiological functions, however it is unknown whether liriodendrin plays an important role in milk production in the mammary glands. In this study, we explored the role and molecular mechanism of Liriodendrin in milk synthesis of mammary epithelial cells (MECs). Bovine MECs were treated with liriodendrin (0, 0.45, 0.9, 1.35, 1.8, and 2.25 mM) for 24 h. Liriodendrin dose-dependently increased cell number, cell cycle transition, and milk protein synthesis, as well as Cyclin D1 and mTOR phosphorylation, with the maximal effects observed at a dose of 1.35 mM. Liriodendrin increased the expression of DDX18, which mediated liriodendrin stimulation of Cyclin D1 and mTOR mRNA expression. PI3K inhibition and DDX18 knockdown experiments further confirmed that liriodendrin regulates the mRNA expression of Cyclin D1 and mTOR via the PI3K-DDX18 signaling. Mouse feeding experiment showed that liriodendrin dose-dependently promotes β-casein and DDX18 expression in mouse mammary gland. In this study, DDX18 was found to be a novel positive regulator that plays a role in cell proliferation and synthesis of milk protein. These findings reveal that liriodendrin stimulates proliferation and milk protein synthesis of MECs via the PI3K-DDX18 signaling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flavonoids play a major role in promoting human health, yet their instability in solution greatly limits its industrial utilization. This study aimed to introduce soybean peptides (SP) to improve the stability and solubility of Dendrobium officinale flavonoids (DOFs), and to investigate the effects of their interaction, sterilization and storage. The results revealed that DOFs bind to SP through hydrogen bonding and steric effects, leading to changes in the structure, energy, and activity of DOFs, which resulted in enhanced stability and antioxidant capacity. The sedimentation rate and flavonoid content were measured to be 24.64 ± 0.55%, 3.83 ± 0.14 mg/mL, respectively, at the optimum mass ratio of DOFs and SP of 2:5. After thermal treatment, the flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of the complexes both dramatically enhanced. The optimum sterilization condition was 75 °C for 20 min, while the optimum range of temperatures for storage was 4 ~ 25 °C. These findings provide valuable insights for the processing, preservation and application of flavonoids in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two novel viologen-functionalized Supramolecular compounds {[H2bpybc]0.5⋅[H2BTEC]0.5⋅ H2O}n (1) and {[H2bpybc]⋅[H3BTEC]2⋅2H2O}n (2), were synthesized through a solution-based approach in the presence of 1,1'-bis((4-carboxybenzyl)-4,4'-bipyridine) chloride (H2bpybc⋅2Cl), 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid (H4BTEC), and Zn(NO3)2⋅6H2O. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis showed the three-dimensional supramolecular network structures within compounds 1 and 2. Notably, these compounds exhibit reversible photochromism due to the formation of viologen radicals, facilitating electron transfer. The order of light response time follows the sequence 1 > 2. To further elucidate the discoloration mechanism, Time dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) was employed. Additionally, compound 1 showed interesting photomodulated fluorescence behavior. Faster responsive rate is observed in the system of 1 due to its shorter D–A distance and intramolecular hydrogen bonding structure. Remarkably, compound 1 displays selective sensing capabilities towards NH3 and triethylamine among various organic amines. Given its photochromic properties, compound 1 holds promise as a potential candidate for photochromic materials, anti-counterfeit paints, and information monitoring technology applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The importance of carbonate weathering carbon sinks (CCSs) is almost equal to that of vegetation photosynthesis in the global carbon cycle. However, CCSs have become controversial in formulating carbon neutral policies to deal with global climate problems in various countries, since the carbonate dissolution is reversible. In order to address these controversies, we reviewed recent advances in understanding CCSs and examined the outstanding controversies surrounding them. We have analyzed the five controversies, revealing the existence of CCSs, quantifying their magnitude, clarifying their spatiotemporal pattern, and documenting how they have increased and how they evolved under the background of global change. By addressing these five controversies, we help to bring clarity to the role of CCSs in the carbon cycle of global terrestrial ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Existing multimodal conditional image synthesis (MCIS) methods generate images conditioned on any combinations of various modalities that require all of them must be exactly conformed, hindering the synthesis controllability and leaving the potential of cross-modality under-exploited. To this end, we propose to generate images conditioned on the compositions of multimodal control signals, where modalities are imperfectly complementary, i.e., composed multimodal conditional image synthesis (CMCIS). Specifically, we observe two challenging issues of the proposed CMCIS task, i.e., the modality coordination problem and the modality imbalance problem. To tackle these issues, we introduce a Mixture-of-Modality-Tokens Transformer (MMoT) that adaptively fuses fine-grained multimodal control signals, a multimodal balanced training loss to stabilize the optimization of each modality, and a multimodal sampling guidance to balance the strength of each modality control signal. Comprehensive experimental results demonstrate that MMoT achieves superior performance on both unimodal conditional image synthesis and MCIS tasks with high-quality and faithful image synthesis on complex multimodal conditions. The project website is available at https://jabir-zheng.github.io/MMoT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Edge-aware image smoothing refers to the removal of details with edges preserved. It is an essential topic in the field of image processing and computer graphics. In this paper, in order to achieve better edge preservation than the existing models, we propose a robust edge-preserving image filtering method based on a complementary weighting scheme. Both isotropic and anisotropic weights are involved in our model to adapt the fidelity and the regularization terms. To efficiently solve the proposed model, we introduce an effective algorithm based on additive half quadratic minimization, alternating direction of multipliers, and Fourier domain optimization strategies. We experimentally validate the proposed filter on several low-level vision tasks. Both quantitative and qualitative experimental results show significant superiority of our proposed filter compared to existing techniques. Furthermore, the filter exhibits high efficiency and is able to process 720P color images (over 10 fps) in real-time on an NVIDIA RTX 3070. Therefore, it is practical for real-world applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Migrativity is a recently studied property of binary operations defined on the unit interval, introduced by Durante and Sarkoci for studying convex combinations of a continuous t-norm and a drastic product t-norm T D . Inspired by the thought of it, in this paper, we introduce migrativity of extended general binary operations on fuzzy truth values by Zadeh extension principle, where a slight modification is considered. Based on the migrativity equation for fuzzy truth values, we discuss and present some of its characterizations specific to the binary operation that is migrative over a class of particular fuzzy truth values related to characteristic functions of elements in [0, 1] and then extend it to the rather general cases, which leads to the connections and equivalence between two concepts of migrativity under specific conditions. The results of this paper can be applied immediately to the extensions of some familiar aggregation functions like t-norms and overlap functions, revealing the preliminary traits of migrativity on type-2 set. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Randall's plaques (RP) serve as anchoring sites for calcium oxalate (CaOx) stones, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Renal interstitium with a high-calcium environment is identified as pathogenesis of RP formation where the role of human renal interstitial fibroblasts (hRIFs) was highlighted. Our study aims to elucidate the potential mechanism by which a high-calcium environment drives ectopic calcification of hRIFs to participate in RP formation. Alizarin Red staining demonstrated calcium nodules in hRIFs treated with high-calcium medium. Utilizing transcriptome sequencing, tissue factor pathway inhibitor-2 (TFPI-2) was found to be upregulated in high-calcium-induced hRIFs and RP tissues, and TFPI-2 promoted high-calcium-induced calcification of hRIFs. Subsequently, the downstream regulator of TFPI2 was screened by transcriptome sequencing analysis of hRIFs with TFPI-2 knockdown or overexpressed. Dachsous Cadherin Related 1 (DCHS1) knockdown was identified to suppress the calcification of hRIFs enhanced by TFPI-2. Further investigation revealed that TFPI-2/DCHS1 axis promoted high-calcium-induced calcification of hRIFs via disturbing the balance of ENPP1/ALP activities, but without effect on the canonical osteogenic markers, such as osteopontin (OPN), osteogenic factors runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2). In summary, our study mimicked the high-calcium environment observed in CaOx stone patients with hypercalciuria, and discovered that the high-calcium drove ectopic calcification of hRIFs via a novel TFPI-2-DCHS1-ALP/ENPP1 pathway rather than adaption of osteogenic phenotypes to participate in RP formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the progression of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) following ocular trauma, previously quiescent retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells transition into a state of rapid proliferation, migration, and secretion. The elusive molecular mechanisms behind these changes have hindered the development of effective pharmacological treatments, presenting a pressing clinical challenge. In this study, by monitoring the dynamic changes in chromatin accessibility and various histone modifications, we chart the comprehensive epigenetic landscape of RPE cells in male mice subjected to traumatic PVR. Coupled with transcriptomic analysis, we reveal a robust correlation between enhancer activation and the upregulation of the PVR-associated gene programs. Furthermore, by constructing transcription factor regulatory networks, we identify the aberrant activation of enhancer-driven RANK-NFATc1 pathway as PVR advanced. Importantly, we demonstrate that intraocular interventions, including nanomedicines inhibiting enhancer activity, gene therapies targeting NFATc1 and antibody therapeutics against RANK pathway, effectively mitigate PVR progression. Together, our findings elucidate the epigenetic basis underlying the activation of PVR-associated genes during RPE cell fate transitions and offer promising therapeutic avenues targeting epigenetic modulation and the RANK-NFATc1 axis for PVR management.Here the authors elucidate the epigenetic basis underlying the activation of PVR-associated genes during RPE cell fate transitions and offers potential therapeutic avenues targeting epigenetic modulation and the RANK-NFATc1 axis for PVR management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Collisions between objects are a relatively common phenomenon in nature. Analyses of collision processes can greatly contribute to solving problems such as impact-rub faults and particle impacts. The coefficient of restitution is a critical parameter in the analysis of collision processes. Many experiments have shown that the coefficient of restitution is closely related to the plate thickness, and the smaller the plate thickness, the more inaccurate the coefficient of restitution predicted by the existing model, which seriously affects the process of collision analysis. To remedy this shortcoming, this paper proposes a plate thickness influence factor with the ratio of sphere diameter to plate thickness as the variable. The plate thickness influence factor can optimize the coefficient of restitution model to effectively predict the coefficient of restitution of impacting elastoplastic spheres with finite plate thickness. Finally, the validity of the new model is verified using a large amount of experimental data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diagnosing liver lesions is crucial for treatment choices and patient outcomes. This study develops an automatic diagnosis system for liver lesions using multiphase enhanced computed tomography (CT). A total of 4039 patients from six data centers are enrolled to develop Liver Lesion Network (LiLNet). LiLNet identifies focal liver lesions, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), metastatic tumors (MET), focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH), hemangioma (HEM), and cysts (CYST). Validated in four external centers and clinically verified in two hospitals, LiLNet achieves an accuracy (ACC) of 94.7% and an area under the curve (AUC) of 97.2% for benign and malignant tumors. For HCC, ICC, and MET, the ACC is 88.7% with an AUC of 95.6%. For FNH, HEM, and CYST, the ACC is 88.6% with an AUC of 95.9%. LiLNet can aid in clinical diagnosis, especially in regions with a shortage of radiologists. The distinction of liver lesions is critical for the accurate diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer. Here, the authors develop LiLNet, a deep learning-based system to identify focal liver lesions as well as benign and malignant liver tumours from CT images with high accuracy across multiple patient cohorts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and aims: Hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated liver cirrhosis (LC), a common condition with high incidence and mortality rates, is often associated with diabetes mellitus (DM). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying impaired glucose regulation during HBV-associated LC remain unclear. Methods: Data from 63 patients with LC and 62 patients with LC-associated DM were analysed. Co-culture of NK cells and islet β cell lines were used to study the glucose regulation mechanism. A mouse model of LC was used to verify the effect of S100A8/A9 on the glucose regulation. Results: Higher levels of interferon (IFN)-γ derived from natural killer (NK) cells and lower levels of insulin emerged in the peripheral blood of patients with both LC and DM compared with those from patients with LC only. IFN-γ derived from NK cells facilitated β cell necroptosis and impaired insulin production. Furthermore, S100A8/A9 elevation in patients with both LC and DM was found to upregulate IFN-γ production in NK cells. Consistently, in the mouse model for LC, mice treated with carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) and S100A8/A9 exhibited increased blood glucose, impaired insulin production, increased IFN-γ, and increased β cells necroptosis compared with those treated with CCL4. Mechanistically, S100A8/A9 activated the p38 MAPK pathway to increase IFN-γ production in NK cells. These effects were diminished after blocking RAGE. Conclusion: Together, the data indicate that IFN-γ produced by NK cells induces β cell necroptosis via the S100A8/A9–RAGE–p38 MAPK axis in patients with LC and DM. Reduced levels of S100A8/A9, NK cells, and IFN-γ could be valuable for the treatment of LC with DM. Accumulation of S100A8/A9 in patients with LC may indicate the emergence of DM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To clarify the complex relationship between the factors causing safety accidents in metallurgical enterprises and predict the risk of accidents in enterprises, a correlation analysis model of the factors causing safety accidents in metallurgical enterprises based on grey Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory/Interpretative Structural Modeling (DEMATEL/ISM) was established, and a Bayesian network early warning model was constructed on this basis. The relationship and action path of accident-causing factors in metallurgical enterprises were clarified. The factors were hierarchically divided and a multi-layer hierarchical structure model was established to obtain the neighboring cause, transitional cause, and essential cause of the accident. The results showed that the employee violation rate, the hazardous substances reserves, the toxic gas and dust pollution control compliance rate, the pass rate for equipment maintenance, and the qualification rate of special equipment were the neighboring causes of the accident. The perfection of the safety production management system was the essential cause. The Bayesian network early warning model was applied to the Fuxin Jiuxing Titanium work site. The expected risk probability of an accident was 17.9%, which was in a comparatively safe state (State2). The results obtained by the Bayesian model are consistent with those obtained by AHP and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, which proved the accuracy of the early warning model. The Bayesian model can give the risk probability value of the accident and the risk probability value of the accident cause factors at the same time, and include the causal relationship and conditional correlation relationship among the indicator variables in the reasoning process, which can provide targeted technical support for the construction of the emergency system of risk classification management and control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Edge storage is driven by the emerging edge computing and application intelligence, which makes the data anonymization become essential to guarantee the security of the data. The risk with data anonymization is that it can be re-identified, where anonoymized data is matched with available information to discover the individual. Appropriate data anonymization techniques can help on reducing the risk of re-identification. It is very challenging to protect data privacy against re-identification attacks without significantly reduce usefulness of the data. This work proposes an evaluation framework for data anonymization techniques to measure the risks of re-identification and usefulness of anonymized data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To improve the tribological properties of sulfur-containing Ni-based self-lubricating composites, FGH97-WS2-Cr-CeO2 (FWCC) were prepared by spark plasma sintering technique. All composites prepared obtained new phases CrxSy and M6C, originating from the decomposition of WS2. Homogenization and fine microstructure resulted in the best mechanical properties of the FWCC composites, with the microhardness of 542 ± 12 HV, compressive yield strength of 1910 ± 52 MPa, and flexural strength of 954 ± 34 MPa. When the composites exposed to 600 °C, the oxidation of CrxSy dominated the oxidative weight gain. The coefficient of friction and wear rate of FWCC composites both tend to decrease with increasing temperature. The optimum tribological properties of FWCC composites are obtained at 600 °C with the coefficient of friction of 0.23 and the wear rate of 0.22 × 10-5 mm3 N-1 m-1. The wear rate is two orders of magnitude lower than that of FGH97-WS2 composites (FW). This is mainly due to the synergistic effect of Cr and CeO2. The addition of Cr promotes the formation of enough Cr2O3 oxide particles during friction, while the addition of CeO2 not only enhances the adhesion of the oxide enamel layer, but also improves the high-temperature stability of the sulfide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The interaction between nanoscale copper oxides (nano-CuOs) and soil matrix significantly affects their fate and transport in soils. This study investigates the retention of nano-CuOs and Cu2+ ions in ten typical agricultural soils by employing the Freundlich adsorption model. Retention of nano-CuOs and Cu2+ in soils was well fitted by the Freundlich model. The retention parameters (KD, KF, and N) followed an order of CuO NTs > CuO NPs > Cu2+, highlighting significant impact of nano-CuOs morphology. The KF and N values of CuO NPs/Cu2+ were positively correlated with soil pH and electrical conductivity (EC), but exhibited a weaker correlation for CuO NTs. Soil pH and/or EC could be used to predict KF and N values of CuO NPs or CuO NTs, with additional clay content should be included for Cu2+.The different relationship between retention parameters and soil properties may suggest that CuO NTs retention mainly caused by agglomeration, whereas adsorption and agglomeration were of equal importance to CuO NPs. The amendment of Ca2+ at low and medium concentration promoted retention of nano-CuOs in alkaline soils, but reduced at high concentration. These findings provided critical insights into the fate of nano-CuOs in soil environments, with significant implications for environmental risk assessment and soil remediation strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this work is to evaluate whether the iron ion-catalyzed hydrogen peroxide pretreatment (Fe-HP pretreatment) can be used as a more environmentally friendly pretreatment way for the fermentation of lignocellulose and the production of biofuel. The Fe-HP pretreatment significantly promoted the enzymatic hydrolysis/fermentation and the production of bio-jet fuels from sawdust (a typical lignocellulose biomass). Compared to the untreated sawdust, the Fe-HP pretreated sawdust showed higher sugar yield (33.8%, w/w) and higher ethanol yield (34.4%, w/w). Especially, the directional transformation of sawdust to bio-jet fuels was achieved by integrating biomass fermentation and catalytic synthesis processes. The highest ethanol conversion (94.2 C-mol %) and highest jet fuel selectivity (72.5 C-mol %) were obtained over the bi-functional catalyst (HSAPO34/NiHBET). The reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the Fe-HP pretreatment process was investigated by in-situ electron paramagnetic resonance analysis. Based on the biomass characterization, ROS analysis and intermediate analysis, the possible role and mechanism of the Fe-HP pretreatment were addressed. The iron ion catalyst can accelerate the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to form hydroxyl radicals, and thus promoting biomass depolymerization and lignin removal (delignification of 28.9%, w/w) from lignocellulose. The Fe-HP pretreatment increased sugar yield and concentration during enzymatic hydrolysis, which was beneficial for ethanol fermentation and bio-jet fuel production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wood-based laminated composites with excellent strength and toughness have attracted much attention, but it is a challenge to process fast-growing natural poplar wood with poor mechanical properties into high-performance laminated composites without the use of adhesives. In this study, natural poplar wood was delignified and TEMPO-oxidized by a "top-down" strategy to obtain a wood scaffold with a cellulose content of up to 98%, which was then used as a substrate and impregnated with Ca2+ and PVA to form a large number of hydrogen and ionic bonds within the wood. Finally, under the action of hot pressing, laminated composites with high tensile strength (237 MPa), flexural strength (246 MPa) and impact toughness (50.45 KJ/m2) were obtained, which also displayed excellent thermal stability and water resistance. This work demonstrates that the utilization of renewable fast-growing poplar wood as a substrate and glue-free bonding method can produce low-cost, sustainable and high-performance wood-based laminated composites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an extremely aggressive cancer with a relatively low median survival rate after diagnosis. Treatment options such as chemotherapy or combination immunotherapy have shown clinical benefits, but resistance and relapse can occur. Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs), as a novel class of biopharmaceutical compounds, have broad application prospects in the treatment of SCLC. ADCs consist of monoclonal antibodies that specifically target cancer cells and are attached to cytotoxic drugs, allowing for targeted killing of cancer cells while sparing healthy tissues. Current clinical studies focus on Delta-like protein 3 (DLL3), CD56, Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2 (Trop-2), B7-H3, and SEZ6. Although toxicities exceeding expectations have been observed with Rova-T, drugs targeting TROP-2 (Sacituzumab Govitecan), B7-H3 (DS-7300), and SEZ6 (ABBV-011) have shown exciting clinical benefits. In this review, we collect the latest clinical evidence to describe the therapeutic efficacy and safety of ADCs in SCLC and discuss prospects and challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (CNTFETs) are increasingly recognized as a viable option for creating high-performance, low-power, and densely integrated circuits (ICs). Advancements in carbon-based electronics, encompassing materials and device technology, have enabled the fabrication of circuits with over 1000 gates, marking carbon-based integrated circuit design as a burgeoning field of research. A critical challenge in the realm of carbon-based very-large-scale integration (VLSI) is the lack of suitable automated design methodologies and infrastructure platforms. In this study, we present the development of a wafer-scale 3 µm carbon-based complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) process design kit (PDK) (3 µm-CNTFETs-PDK) compatible with silicon-based Electronic Design Automation (EDA) tools and VLSI circuit design flow. The proposed 3 µm-CNTFETs-PDK features a contacted gate pitch (CGP) of 21 µm, a gate density of 128 gates/mm2, and a transistor density of 554 transistors/mm2, with an intrinsic gate delay around 134 ns. Validation of the 3 µm-CNTFETs-PDK was achieved through the successful design and tape-out of 153 standard cells and 333-stage ring oscillator circuits. Leveraging the carbon-based PDK and a silicon-based design platform, we successfully implemented a complete 64-bit static random-access memory (SRAM) circuit system for the first time, which exhibited timing, power, and area characteristics of clock@10 kHz, 122.1 µW, 3795 µm × 2810 µm. This research confirms that carbon-based IC design can be compatible with existing EDA tools and silicon-based VLSI design flow, thereby laying the groundwork for future carbon-based VLSI advancements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There has been no severity evaluation model for pediatric patients with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) that uses readily available parameters. This study aimed to develop a novel model for predicting the early mortality risk in pediatric patients with HLH using easily obtained parameters whatever etiologic subtype. Patients from one center were divided into training and validation sets for model derivation. The developed model was validated using an independent validation cohort from the second center. The prediction model with nomogram was developed based on logistic regression. The model performance underwent internal and external evaluation and validation using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), calibration curve with 1000 bootstrap resampling, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Model performance was compared with the most prevalent severity evaluation scores, including the PELOD-2, P-MODS, and pSOFA scores. The prediction model included nine variables: glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, albumin, globulin, myohemoglobin, creatine kinase, serum potassium, procalcitonin, serum ferritin, and interval between onset and diagnosis. The AUC of the model for predicting the 28-day mortality was 0.933 and 0.932 in the training and validation sets, respectively. The AUC values of the HScore, PELOD-2, P-MODS and pSOFA were 0.815, 0.745, 0.659 and 0.788, respectively. The DCA of the 28-day mortality prediction exhibited a greater net benefit than the HScore, PELOD-2, P-MODS and pSOFA. Subgroup analyses demonstrated good model performance across HLH subtypes. The novel mortality prediction model in this study can contribute to the rapid assessment of early mortality risk after diagnosis with readily available parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we proposed a novel deep image coding and decoding model for GMMQI (Gaussian mixture model quartile intervals, GMMQI) and a variable rate bit allocation method to optimize the rate distortion performance and prioritize the transmissions of more significant information. First, to address the problem of bit streams leading to ambiguity during encoding and decoding, we convert the image into a potential tensor, each element of which uses a four-bit parameter dictionary to preserve the parameter bits. Then, the variable rate is calculated using quaternions based on the parameter dictionary, and a hybrid CLM &BAM (Channel latent map & Bit allocation map) approach is designed to assign bits to the potential tensor and encode it, which transforms the problem of finding the optimal encoder-decoder into finding the optimal hyper-parameters in the model and reduces the complexity of the GMMQI model. Finally, a GMMQI approach with variable rate bit allocation is developed in combination with CLM &BAM, to be able to prioritize the transmission of more significant information. The experimental results show that the GMMQI method reaches an advanced level compared to the traditional image compression standards BPG, JPEG2000, and JPEG, and is comparable to the most advanced level compared to the existing deep learning based compression methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the current study, thermodynamic calculations and laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the evolution of inclusions in a 304 stainless steel with varied lanthanum contents. A thermodynamic database of rare earths elements was established. The agglomeration and collision behavior of inclusions in steel with different La contents were in-situ observed by the high-temperature confocal scanning laser microscope (CSLM). As the distance between inclusions decreased, the critical acceleration distance of La2O3–La2S3–Al2O3–SiO2 inclusions with the La content of 32 ppm was 50 μm, which was larger than the critical distance for La2O3–La2S3–Al2O3 inclusions in steel with 140 ppm La and La2O2S inclusion in steel with 230 ppm La. The attraction force range of La2O3–La2S3–Al2O3–SiO2 complex inclusions was 1.0 × 10−16 to 5.0 × 10−15 N, which was stronger than 1.0 × 10−17 to 5.0 × 10−16 N for La2O3–La2S3–Al2O3 inclusions and 1.0 × 10−18 to 1.0 × 10−16 N for La2O3–La2S3 inclusions. The increase of La content in steel retarded the agglomeration and collision of inclusions. The height difference of the molten steel around the inclusion pushed two inclusions closer. The impelling effect of the molten steel on inclusions became stronger with the larger height difference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The high concentration of chlorophyll a (Chl-a) and pollutants in estuaries has led to the deterioration of marine environmental quality and a reduction in the sustainability and safety of marine ecosystems. This study analyzed the distribution characteristics of Chl-a and pollutants in the Liugu Estuary (LE) based on field survey data. By incorporating environmental factors, the water's nutritional status and nutrient limitations were evaluated. The results indicated that there were variations in the concentration range of Chl-a and pollutants between flood and non-flood seasons in the LE, with nitrogen identified as the main limiting nutrient. The correlation indicated that Chl-a and nutrient levels in the LE were influenced by a complex interplay of multiple factors. River inputs with higher pollution levels increased concentrations and reduced DO levels, limiting the rise in Chl-a concentration and the uptake of nutrients by phytoplankton. The findings of this study could provide essential information for an in-depth examination of the eutrophication characteristics of the LE and offer a scientific foundation for the restoration and management of the estuary's ecological environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Carotid artery plaques can cause arterial vascular diseases such as stroke and myocardial infarction, posing a severe threat to human life. However, the current clinical examination mainly relies on a direct assessment by physicians of patients' clinical indicators and medical images, lacking an integrated visualization tool for analyzing the influencing factors and composition of carotid artery plaques. We have designed an intelligent carotid artery plaque visual analysis system for vascular surgery experts to comprehensively analyze the clinical physiological and imaging indicators of carotid artery diseases. The system mainly includes two functions: First, it displays the correlation between carotid artery plaque and various factors through a series of information visualization methods and integrates the analysis of patient physiological indicator data. Second, it enhances the interface guidance analysis of the inherent correlation between the components of carotid artery plaque through machine learning and displays the spatial distribution of the plaque on medical images. Additionally, we conducted two case studies on carotid artery plaques using real data obtained from a hospital, and the results indicate that our designed carotid artery plaque analysis system can effectively assist clinical vascular surgeons in gaining new insights into the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Developing advanced hydrogen storage materials with high capacity and efficient reversibility is a crucial aspect for utilizing hydrogen source as a promising alternate to fossil fuels. In this paper, we have systematically investigated the hydrogen storage properties of neutral and negatively charged C9N4 monolayer based on density functional theory (DFT). Our foundings indicate that injecting additional electrons into the adsorbent significantly boosts the adsorption capacity of C9N4 monolayer to H2 molecules. The gravimetric density of negatively charged C9N4 monolayer can reach up to 10.80 wt% when fully covered with hydrogen. Unlike other hydrogen storage methods, the storage and release processes happen automatically upon introducing or removing extra electrons. Moreover, these operations can be easily adjusted through activating or deactivating the charging voltage. As a result, the method is easily reversible and has tunable kinetics without requiring particular activators. Significantly, C9N4 is proved to be a suitable candidate for efficient electron injection/release due to its well electrical conductivity. Our work can serve as a valuable guide in the quest for a novel category of materials for hydrogen storage with high capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intellectual disability (ID) is a condition characterized by cognitive impairment and difficulties in adaptive functioning. In our research, we identified two de novo mutations (c.955C>T and c.732C>A) at the KDM2A locus in individuals with varying degrees of ID. In addition, by using the Gene4Denovo database, we discovered five additional cases of de novo mutations in KDM2A. The mutations we identified significantly decreased the expression of the KDM2A protein. To investigate the role of KDM2A in neural development, we used both 2D neural stem cell models and 3D cerebral organoids. Our findings demonstrated that the reduced expression of KDM2A impairs the proliferation of neural progenitor cells (NPCs), increases apoptosis, induces premature neuronal differentiation, and affects synapse maturation. Through ChIP-Seq analysis, we found that KDM2A exhibited binding to the transcription start site regions of genes involved in neurogenesis. In addition, the knockdown of KDM2A hindered H3K36me2 binding to the downstream regulatory elements of genes. By integrating ChIP-Seq and RNA-Seq data, we made a significant discovery of the core genes' remarkable enrichment in the MAPK signaling pathway. Importantly, this enrichment was specifically linked to the p38 MAPK pathway. Furthermore, disease enrichment analysis linked the differentially-expressed genes identified from RNA-Seq of NPCs and cerebral organoids to neurodevelopmental disorders such as ID, autism spectrum disorder, and schizophrenia. Overall, our findings suggest that KDM2A plays a crucial role in regulating the H3K36me2 modification of downstream genes, thereby modulating the MAPK signaling pathway and potentially impacting early brain development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to test a cross-lagged model that explores the relationship between organizational socialization and the cooperative behavior of newcomers, along with the mediating role of perceived organizational support and perceived insider status. Questionnaire survey was conducted to collect sample data, and two-wave cross-lagged design with a 5-month interval was employed to verify the conceptual model. A total of 187 newcomers (female = 59.89%; average employment time = 9.3 months) were recruited, and the data was examined by cross-lagged structural equation modeling. The results showed that organizational socialization at T1 had a positive cross-lagged effect on perceived organizational support, perceived insider status and cooperative behavior intention at T2 respectively. Both perceived organizational support and perceived insider status at T1 had a positive cross-lagged effect on cooperative behavior intention at T2. In addition, perceived organizational support at T1 had a positive cross-lagged effect on perceived insider status at T2. The insights gained in this study may help to draw the attention of organizations on the organizational socialization and cooperative behavior of newcomers so as to enhance their subsequent performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Four species of shellfish, blue mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis), Pacific abalone (Haliotis discus hannai), zhikong scallops (Chlamys farreri), and Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas), were exposed to decoupled carbonate system variables to investigate the impacts of different seawater carbonate parameters on the CO2 excretion process of mariculture shellfish. Six experimental groups with two levels of seawater pH (pH 8.1 and pH 7.7) and three levels of total alkalinity (TA = 1000, 2300, and 3600 μmol/kg, respectively) were established, while pH 8.1 and TA = 2300 μmol/kg was taken as control. Results showed that the CO2 excretion rates of these tested shellfish were significantly affected by the change in carbonate chemistry (P < 0.05). At the same TA level, animals incubated in the acidified group (pH 7.7) had a lower CO2 excretion rate than those in the control group (pH 8.1). In comparison, at the same pH level, the CO2 excretion rate increased when seawater TA level was elevated. No significant correlation between the CO2 excretion rate and seawater pCO2 levels (P > 0.05) was found; however, a significant correlation (P < 0.05) between CO2 excretion rate and TA-DIC (the difference between total alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon) was observed. Blue mussel has a significantly higher CO2 excretion rate than the other three species in the CO2 excretions per unit mass of soft parts, with no significant difference observed among these three species. However, in terms of CO2 excretion rate per unit mass of gills, abalone has the highest CO2 excretion rate, while significant differences were found between each species. Our studies indicate that the CO2 buffering capacity impacts the CO2 excretion rate of four shellfish species largely independent of pCO2. Since CO2 excretion is related to acid–base balancing, the results imply that the effects of other carbonate parameters, particularly the CO2 buffering capacity, should be studied to fully understand the mechanism of how acidification affects shellfish. Besides, the species difference in gill to soft parts proportion may contribute to the species difference in responding to ocean acidification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To retrospectively assess the effectiveness of deep learning (DL) model, based on breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), in predicting preoperative lymphovascular invasion (LVI) status in patients diagnosed with invasive breast cancer who have negative axillary lymph nodes (LNs). Data was gathered from 280 patients, including 148 with LVI-positive and 141 with LVI-negative lesions. These patients had undergone preoperative breast MRI and were histopathologically confirmed to have invasive breast cancer without axillary LN metastasis. The cohort was randomly split into training and validation groups in a 7:3 ratio. Radiomics features for each lesion were extracted from the first post-contrast dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI. The Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression method and logistic regression analyses were employed to identify significant radiomic features and clinicoradiological variables. These models were established using four machine learning (ML) algorithms and one DL algorithm. The predictive performance of the models (radiomics, clinicoradiological, and combination) was assessed through discrimination and compared using the DeLong test. Four clinicoradiological parameters and 10 radiomic features were selected by LASSO for model development. The Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) model, constructed using both radiomic and clinicoradiological features, demonstrated excellent performance in predicting LVI, achieving a high area under the curve (AUC) of 0.835 for validation. The DL model (MLP-radiomic) achieved the highest accuracy (AUC = 0.896), followed by DL model (MLP-combination) with an AUC of 0.835. Both DL models were significantly superior to the ML model (RF-clinical) with an AUC of 0.720. The DL model (MLP), which integrates radiomic features with clinicoradiological information, effectively aids in the preoperative determination of LVI status in patients with invasive breast cancer and negative axillary LNs. This is beneficial for making informed clinical decisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Free-floating bike sharing (FFBS) attracts increasing research focusing on usage patterns, determining factors, and integrated transportation. However, existing researchers tend to overlook the variation in usage characteristics over various time ranges, particularly the usage pattern at night. This paper is conducted to fill the gap through a series of analysis approaches on FFSB in Beijing. The characteristics of the usage pattern, including time-varying usage and traveling distance distributions, are initially illustrated. Subsequently, the spatial patterns of FFBS are visualized and thoroughly analyzed in different time ranges and origin-destination (O-D) flows. A statistical model evaluating the environmental effects of FFBS trips revealed the source of FFBS usage. In addition to focusing on the nighttime, the usage patterns varying day and night are compared through the analysis. The findings explain the usage pattern variation and the unique pattern at night, providing valuable insight for improving the management of the FFBS system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The selection of implants for fixing unstable femoral neck fractures (FNF) remains contentious. This study employs finite element analysis to examine the biomechanics of treating Pauwels type III femoral neck fractures using cannulated compression screws (3CS), biplane double-supported screw fixation (BDSF), and the femoral neck system (FNS). A three-dimensional model of the proximal femur was developed using computed tomography scans. Fracture models of the femoral neck were created with 3CS, BDSF, and FNS fixations. Von Mises stress on the proximal femur, fracture ends, internal fixators, and model displacements were assessed and compared across the three fixation methods (3CS, BDSF, and FNS) during the heel strike of normal walking. The maximum Von Mises stress in the proximal fragment was significantly higher with 3CS fixation compared to BDSF and FNS fixations (120.45 MPa vs. 82.44 MPa and 84.54 MPa, respectively). Regarding Von Mises stress distribution at the fracture ends, the highest stress in the 3CS group was 57.32 MPa, while BDSF and FNS groups showed 51.39 MPa and 49.23 MPa, respectively. Concerning implant stress, the FNS model exhibited greater Von Mises stress compared to the 3CS and BDSF models (236.67 MPa vs. 134.86 MPa and 140.69 MPa, respectively). Moreover, BDSF displayed slightly lower total displacement than 3CS fixation (7.19 mm vs. 7.66 mm), but slightly higher displacement than FNS (7.19 mm vs. 7.03 mm). This study concludes that BDSF outperforms 3CS fixation in terms of biomechanical efficacy and demonstrates similar performance to the FNS approach. As a result, BDSF stands as a dependable alternative for treating Pauwels type III femoral neck fractures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Physical activity (PA) benefits children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Evidence suggests that some barriers impede parents from providing PA support for their children with ASD. Parental perceived stigma is one of these barriers. However, few studies have explored how parental perceived stigma influences parental PA support. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between parental perceived stigma and parental PA support, the mediating role of parental self-efficacy, and the moderating effect of having other typically developing children or not. A total of 274 participants were recruited to participate in the study. The results showed that parental self-efficacy mediated the association between parental perceived stigma and parental PA support and the moderating effect of having other typically developing children or not. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High throughput and low latency are essential for the endorsement phase in the Hyperledger Fabric system (HFS). Currently, endorser nodes can be selected by clients through static configuration or service discovery to verify user-submitted proposals. However, the transparent identities of the endorser nodes in the HFS channel render them more vulnerable to attacks, and nodes with high resource consumption among the endorsers can worsen system performance. To overcome these limitations, we propose Pdo-Fabric, a proposal distribution strategy that determines the distribution weight of proposals among organizations and dynamically selects endorsers based on the resource load of nodes. This paper discusses this strategy from the following aspects: (1) the transaction latency among organizations and the selection of endorsers are investigated, together with the formalization of the problem for the endorsement phase including endorser's resource load, endorser consensus, and proposal communication latency. (2) Based on fuzzy logic, the CPU and memory resources of the endorsers are fuzzified to select endorser nodes. The number of endorser nodes is determined by a user-defined fault-tolerance probability. (3) Clients perceive the latency in processing transaction proposals and form a roulette based on the latency among multiple organizations. This roulette determines the weight of which organization will receive the distributed proposals. (4) Pdo-Fabric is implemented on top of Hyperledger Fabric platform and evaluated on metrics such as system throughput and response latency in a simulated Hyperledger Fabric environment. With a comprehensive evaluation, the proposed Pdo-Fabric system exhibits promising advancements over the existing Hyperledger Fabric endorsement strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tight glutenite reservoir structure is complex, mineral types are multi-seepage, and most of them are non-Darcy's law flows Based on the finite element COMSOL simulation of seepage flow in glutenite water flooding, this chapter mainly explores the influence of several related factors on displacement recovery. With the increase of wetting angle, the wettability makes the porous state of solids and fluids in glutenite stable, so that water can easily push oil out, which leads to the increase of water flooding recovery The higher the injection rate, the higher the water cut in a short time, which makes the oil-water two-phase displacement accelerate and the higher the displacement recovery With the increase of gravel diameter, the oil saturation decreases less and more crude oil is bound by the pore structure surrounded by large particles, which is not conducive to displacement Small gravel particles have little influence on the front of water drive, and there is no obvious dominant channel, which leads to the recovery effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]