4 results on '"United Kingdom"'
Search Results
2. A Scoping Review of the Relationship Between Physical Activity and Mental Health Among Immigrants in Western Countries: An Integrated Bio-Psycho-Socio-Cultural Lens.
- Author
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Elshahat, Sarah, Moffat, Tina, Morshed, Mahira, Alkhawaldeh, Haneen, Madani, Keon, Mohamed, Aya, Nadeem, Naya, Emira, Sara, Newbold, K. Bruce, and Donnelly, Michael
- Subjects
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IMMIGRANTS , *ONLINE information services , *PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems , *LEISURE , *RISK-taking behavior , *SPORTS participation , *WELL-being , *COGNITION disorders , *BIOPSYCHOSOCIAL model , *MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems , *ACCULTURATION , *SYSTEMATIC reviews , *TRAVEL , *SELF-perception , *MENTAL health , *ACTIVITIES of daily living , *PSYCHOSOCIAL functioning , *POST-traumatic stress disorder , *PHYSICAL activity , *CONCEPTUAL structures , *SLEEP , *EXERCISE , *EMPLOYMENT , *MENTAL depression , *AFFECTIVE disorders , *LITERATURE reviews , *MEDLINE , *ANXIETY , *SOMATOFORM disorders , *EAST Asians , *PSYCHOLOGICAL resilience , *PSYCHOLOGICAL distress , *PSYCHOLOGICAL stress - Abstract
Epidemiological evidence suggests that regular physical activity (PA) positively impacts individuals' mental health (MH). The PA-MH relationship may be critical among immigrants owing to psycho-social-cultural influences. This scoping review of 61 studies employed a holistic bio-psycho-socio-cultural framework to thoroughly investigate the complex relationship between PA (across life domains) and immigrants' MH in Western countries. A systematic search of five electronic databases (Medline, PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO and Anthropology Plus) was conducted to locate relevant articles. No limitations were applied to study design, age, gender, home country, MH condition or PA type. A bio-psycho-socio-cultural-informed conceptual model guided the analysis of the multi-domain PA-MH relationship. Immigrant PA-MH studies were conducted and reported most commonly in the USA (38%), Australia (18%), and Canada (11%). Overall, PA was positively related to MH. Each domain-specific PA appeared to be associated with unique MH-promoting pathways/mechanisms. Leisure-related PA may support MH by enhancing self-agency and minimizing risky behaviors, whilst travel- and domestic-related PA may promote self-accomplishment and physical engagement. Ethnic sports appeared to enhance resilience. Occupational-related PA was associated with either positive or negative MH, depending on the type of occupation. A bio-psycho-socio-cultural-informed model is required to gain an encompassing and integrated understanding of immigrants' health. The first iteration of such a model is presented here, along with an illustration of how the model may be used to deepen analysis and understanding of the multi-domain PA-MH relationship among immigrants and inform public health planners and practitioners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Differences in Breast Cancer Presentation at Time of Diagnosis for Black and White Women in High Resource Settings.
- Author
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Osei-Twum, Jo-Ann, Gedleh, Sahra, Lofters, Aisha, and Nnorom, Onye
- Subjects
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CINAHL database , *MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems , *BLACK people , *SYSTEMATIC reviews , *EARLY detection of cancer , *DEMOGRAPHY , *WHITE people , *MEDLINE , *BREAST tumors , *WOMEN'S health - Abstract
This paper provides a narrative review of the existing literature on differences in demographic and biological features of breast cancer at time of diagnosis between Black and White women in Canada, the United Kingdom and the United States. Electronic database searches for published peer-reviewed articles on this topic were conducted, and 78 articles were included in the final narrative review. Differences between Black and White women were compared for eight categories including age, tumour stage, size, grade, lymph node involvement, and hormone status. Black women were significantly more likely to present with less favourable tumour features at the time of diagnosis than White women. Significant differences were reported in age at diagnosis, tumour stage, size, grade and hormone status, particularly triple negative breast cancer. Limitations on the generalizability of the review findings are discussed, as well as the implications of these findings on future research, especially within the Canadian context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Mental health consequences of detaining children and families who seek asylum: a scoping review.
- Author
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Mares, Sarah
- Subjects
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IMMIGRATION law , *MENTAL illness risk factors , *PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems , *CINAHL database , *WELL-being , *PSYCHOLOGY of refugees , *SYSTEMATIC reviews , *PARENT-child separation , *RISK assessment , *PARENTING , *CHILD psychopathology , *LITERATURE reviews , *MEDLINE , *PARENT-child relationships - Abstract
Almost 80 million people globally are forcibly displaced. A small number reach wealthy western countries and seek asylum. Over half are children. Wealthy reception countries have increasingly adopted restrictive reception practices including immigration detention. There is an expanding literature on the mental health impacts of immigration detention for adults, but less about children. This scoping review identified 22 studies of children detained by 6 countries (Australia, Canada, Hong Kong, Netherlands, the UK and the US) through searches of Medline, PsychINFO, Emcare, CINAHL and Scopus data bases for the period January 1992–May 2019. The results are presented thematically. There is quantitative data about the mental health of children and parents who are detained and qualitative evidence includes the words and drawings of detained children. The papers are predominantly small cross-sectional studies using mixed methodologies with convenience samples. Despite weaknesses in individual studies the review provides a rich and consistent picture of the experience and impact of immigration detention on children's wellbeing, parental mental health and parenting. Displaced children are exposed to peri-migration trauma and loss compounded by further adversity while held detained. There are high rates of distress, mental disorder, physical health and developmental problems in children aged from infancy to adolescence which persist after resettlement. Restrictive detention is a particularly adverse reception experience and children and parents should not be detained or separated for immigration purposes. The findings have implications for policy and practice. Clinicians and researchers have a role in advocacy for reception polices that support the wellbeing of accompanied and unaccompanied children who seek asylum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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