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(1) Background--In 2021, the forest chief system was fully implemented nationwide. Under this background, how to embed the forest-chief system into the forest resources management system in the state-owned forest areas and fully realize the comprehensive efficiency of forest supervision and protection policies has become an important issue in the forest areas at present. (2) Methods--Based on the field investigation of some typical forestry enterprises in the key state-owned forest areas, this paper systematically analyzed the forest resources management practice after the reform in the key state-owned forest areas at the present stage, summarized the new challenges faced by the forest resources management mechanism after the implementation of the forest chief system, and on this basis, put forward policy suggestions to help the forest chief system to be embedded in the forest resources management system in the key state-owned forest areas. (3) Results--First, the forest chief system was carried out in the key state-owned forest areas, and the state-owned forest industry enterprises were incorporated into the local forest chief system through the organization of personnel. Second, the managers in different state-owned forest industry enterprises served as forest chiefs in different forms. Among them, the enterprise managers of China Longjiang Forest Industry Group Co., Ltd., Yichun Forest Industry Group and Daxing' anling Forestry Group participated in the forest chief system by serving as deputy forest chief of their respective counties (cities or districts). The managers of Jilin Forest Industry Group Co., Ltd.and Changbai Mountain Forest Industry Group served as the general forest chief of their respective forestry bureaus in accordance with the county-level forest chief system. As one of the six major areas of responsibility under the forest chief system in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia Forest Industry Group appointed deputy forest chief to manage forest resources. (4) Conclusions and Discussions--The implementation of forest chief system in the key state-owned forest areas faces a series of challenges. First, in the process of realizing the policy goal of forest chief system in the key state-owned forest areas, the forest resources management in the forest areas needs to be systematically integrated in the goal setting. Second, under the background of the overall implementation of forest chief system, the forest resources management in the key state-owned forest areas has a pattern of "dual-track and parallel". Third, the coordination mechanism of forest resources management under the forest chief system in the key state-owned forest areas is not perfect, including the government-enterprises coordination mechanism and the social participation mechanism. Based on the above analysis, the following policy suggestions are put forward. First, promote the integration of forest resources management objectives based on the reality of the key state-owned forest areas. Second, develop a list of forest chief powers to clarify the boundaries of responsibilities and powers of forest resources management under the forest chief system. Third, accelerate the establishment of the working mechanism of forest resources management under the forest chief system. In short, when promoting the forest resources management under the forest chief system in the key state-owned forest areas, the appeals of the central government, local governments, forest industry enterprises, forest residents and other parties must be comprehensively considered, the work objectives of the forest chief system must be clearly defined, the work content of the forest chief system must be enriched, and the objectives of integrating ecological benefits, social benefits and economic benefits must be formulated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]