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The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of inactivated Lactobacillus plantarum and its metabolite (LPM) on the growth performance and intestinal health of Procambarus clarkii. A total of 162 Procambarus clarkii with an initial weight of (8.16±0.23) g were randomly divided into three groups with three replicates in each group and 18 shrimps in each replicate. Three groups of compound diets containing 0 (control group), 300 (LPM-300 group), 600 mg/kg (LPM-600 group) of Lactobacillus plantarum and its metabolite (LPM) were prepared. In the two experimental groups, 3% flour was used instead of 3% peanut meal on the basis of the feed formula of the control group, which reduced the protein level of the feed by 1.5%. The trial period was 42 days. The results showed that the weight gain rate, specific growth rate, protein efficiency and protein deposition rate of Procambarus clarkii were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05), while the feed coefficient was significantly lower than that of the control group when 600 mg/kg LPM was added to the diet (P<0.05). The contentations of crude protein, crude fat and crude ash of whole shrimp fed with 600 mg/kg LPM were significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). When 300 and 600 mg/kg LPM was added to the diet, the crude fat content of muscle was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the content of serum total protein (TP) increased significantly (P<0.05), and the activities of aspartateoxaloacetic transaminase (AST) and alanine-pyruvic transaminase (ALT) decreased when LPM was added to the diet (P<0.05). The content of serum albumin (ALB) and the activity of alkaline phosphatase (AKP) were significantly increased when 600 mg/kg LPM was added to the diet (P<0.05). The protease activity of hepatopancreas and intestinal tract was significantly increased by adding 600 mg/kg LPM (P<0.05). The addition of 600 mg/kg LPM significantly reduced the villus width of the shrimp compared with the control group (P<0.05). The hepatopancreas cells in the control group and the experimental group were intact without damage or pathological changes. The number of B cells, F cells, and R cells in the LPM-300 group was significantly more than that in the control group. The study indicates that the addition of 600 mg/kg LPM in the feed can improve the intestinal tissue structure of Procambarus clarkii, enhance the non-specific immunity and promote the utilization of feed protein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experiment aimed to investigate the effects of microbial preparations on the growth and intestinal microbiota of crucian carp. Three hundred evenly sized crucian carp were randomly divided into five groups, with three replicates in each group, and 20 fish in each replicate. The group A was fed a feed containing mixed lactic acid bacteria preparations, the group B was fed a feed containing mixed Clostridium butyricum preparations, the group C was fed a feed containing a mixture of lactic acid bacteria and Clostridium butyricum preparations, the group D was fed a feed containing a mixture of lactic acid bacteria, Clostridium butyricum preparations, and 3 mg/g nano-selenium. The control group (CK group) was fed a basic feed. The experimental period lasted for 28 days. The results showed that the weight gain rate of crucian carp in the group A, group B, and group D was higher than that in the CK group ( P<0.05). The condition factor and feed coefficient of crucian carp in the group A were higher than those in the CK group ( P<0.05). The hepatopancreas SOD activity of crucian carp in the group D was higher than that in the CK group ( P<0.05), and the hepatopancreas LZM activity in the group B was higher than that in the CK group ( P<0.05). The abundance of Fusobacteria in the intestines of crucian carp in the group A significantly increased, while the abundance of Bacteroidetes in the intestines of crucian carp in the group B significantly increased. The study indicates that adding lactic acid bacteria, Clostridium butyricum, and nano-selenium to the feed can promote the growth of crucian carp, alter the community structure of the intestinal microbiota, and inhibit harmful bacteria in the intestines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]