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This paper studies local governments' decisions on public debt under the Financial Discipline Law for States and Municipalities (ldfem in Spanish) in Mexico. It implies distinguishing economic and political factors and their relevance within ldfem's legal framework that defines norms and limitations for Mexican subnational governments. Based on municipal data for 2017-2019, our results prove that political variables significantly impact municipal debt. This paper highlights the elections' proximity and the incumbent mayor's electoral support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to identify the necessary or sufficient conditions that promote the installed photovoltaic (pv) capacity in Mexico. To do this, different configurations of conditions are identified, which can lead to the same desired case, through the comparative qualitative analysis of complex cases. The analysis suggests that, to boost the installed pv capacity, a long-term planning of the Mexican pv industry should be carried out. The starting point of such a plan should consists of the following five necessary conditions: a) tax credit for investment or production; b) feed in tariff & feed in premium; c) development of intellectual, technical and professional capital; d) the promotion of research and development of pv technology, and e) to include installed pv capacity in smart grids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Building on the literature on formal and informal institutions, this paper offers a typology of the role informal institutions play in the efficacy or inefficacy of formal institutions. Particularly, whether and why de jure and de facto independence converge or diverge. We distinguish four roles that informal institutions can play: competing, reinforcing, overlapping, and redundant. To illustrate our typology, we include examples of each role from Latin American countries. In Brazil we show that a norm of professionalism reinforces internal judicial independence, whereas in Mexico a norm of patronage competes with it. In Uruguay we show that a norm of legislative cooperation is redundant with a high level of de jure external judicial independence, whereas in Paraguay a norm of militant subordination overlaps with a low level of it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a systematic review of the scientific literature on participatory monitoring (PM) in Mexico in order to understand its dimensions and usefulness for decision-making and public environmental policies. For this, a conceptual scheme of the mp is proposed from the socioecosystemic perspective (SEPM) in accordance with interdisciplinary scientific approaches and citizen science, through eight structural dimensions. The qualitative method of analysis was based on the application of the Search, Assessment, Synthesis, Analysis (SALSA) protocol, and the use of Scopus and scielo databases. The results first describe general spatial and temporal trends for Latin America and, subsequently, focus on the analysis of 24 preselected and coded publications for Mexico, considering monitoring criteria related to eight structural dimensions of the conceptual scheme. It is observed that the SEPM in Mexico has increased since the year 2000, the scale has been local, the land tenure dominant of social property, the regional scope, and has been more applied to the forest, water and agroforestry socio-ecosystems. The sepm has great potential for decisionmaking at different organizational levels, especially when it is implemented in an integrated manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this work is to argue that the decentralization of health services for the uninsured population in Mexico has not yielded the expected results. By analyzing the evolution of some indicators constructed from INEGI and Ministry of Health databases, we conclude that the current government's effort to recentralize health services to the uninsured population in Insabi is justified. However, the contradiction between the declared objectives and the financial effort made is evident, which makes a fiscal reform unavoidable. In the last part, we show the feasibility of this reform in the current economic context and outline its main characteristics, which will be specified in a future paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]