1. Deep mutational scanning reveals functional constraints and antibody-escape potential of Lassa virus glycoprotein complex.
- Author
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Carr, Caleb R., Crawford, Katharine H.D., Murphy, Michael, Galloway, Jared G., Haddox, Hugh K., Matsen IV, Frederick A., Andersen, Kristian G., King, Neil P., and Bloom, Jesse D.
- Subjects
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ANTIGENIC variation , *VIRAL antibodies , *LASSA fever , *VIRAL proteins , *VIRAL variation - Abstract
Lassa virus is estimated to cause thousands of human deaths per year, primarily due to spillovers from its natural host, Mastomys rodents. Efforts to create vaccines and antibody therapeutics must account for the evolutionary variability of the Lassa virus's glycoprotein complex (GPC), which mediates viral entry into cells and is the target of neutralizing antibodies. To map the evolutionary space accessible to GPC, we used pseudovirus deep mutational scanning to measure how nearly all GPC amino-acid mutations affected cell entry and antibody neutralization. Our experiments defined functional constraints throughout GPC. We quantified how GPC mutations affected neutralization with a panel of monoclonal antibodies. All antibodies tested were escaped by mutations that existed among natural Lassa virus lineages. Overall, our work describes a biosafety-level-2 method to elucidate the mutational space accessible to GPC and shows how prospective characterization of antigenic variation could aid the design of therapeutics and vaccines. [Display omitted] • Non-replicative pseudovirus deep mutational scanning of Lassa virus GPC • Effects of nearly all GPC mutations on cell entry and antibody escape were mapped • We identified natural Lassa GPC sequences with antibody-escape mutations Lassa fever causes thousands of deaths annually and lacks effective vaccines or therapies. Carr et al. use a non-replicative pseudovirus deep mutational scanning platform to determine how Lassa virus surface protein mutations affect cell entry and antibody neutralization. They also identify antibody-escape mutations in natural Lassa sequences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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