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This document contains abstracts of papers presented at an academic conference. The papers cover a wide range of topics related to economics, history, and social development. Each paper presents empirical evidence and analysis to shed light on specific phenomena or historical events. The research is conducted using different methodologies and data sources, providing valuable insights into these complex subjects. The summaries provide a brief overview of each paper's main findings and contribute to the understanding of various social and economic phenomena. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses two books, "Latinx Literature Unbound" by Ralph Rodríguez and "The Sense of Brown" by José Esteban Muñoz, which explore the concept of Latinx identity and its implications for literature and cultural production. Rodríguez argues for a revision of the Latinx label to expand its boundaries beyond ethnic themes, while Muñoz focuses on the idea of "Brownness" as a shared experience of harm and resistance. Both books offer different interpretations of Latinx as a political and cultural category. Rodríguez's book analyzes various genres of Latinx literature and proposes a new taxonomy, while Muñoz examines Latina/o drama and performance as forms of political resistance. Despite their differences, both books contribute to the understanding of contemporary Latinx literature and cultural studies. [Extracted from the article]

Objective: Given the rapidly changing food environment and proliferation of ultra-processed foods (UPF) in South Africa (SA), this study aimed to critically evaluate dietary quality and adequacy of low-income adults using the Nova classification system and WHO and World Cancer Research Fund dietary guidelines. Design: Secondary household data and 1-d 24-h recalls were analysed from two cross-sectional studies conducted in 2017–2018. Foods consumed were classified according to the Nova classification system. Compliance with WHO dietary guidelines and UPF consumption trends were evaluated. Setting: Three low-income areas (Langa, Khayalitsha and Mount Frere) in SA were included. Participants: In total, 2521 participants (18–50 years) were included in the study. Results: Participants had a mean energy intake of 7762 kJ/d. Most participants were within the acceptable WHO guideline range for saturated fat (80·4 %), total fat (68·1 %), Na (72·7 %) and free sugar (57·3 %). UPF comprised 39·4 % of diets among the average adult participant. Only 7·0 % of all participants met the WHO guideline for fruit and vegetables and 18·8 % met the guideline for fibre. Those within the highest quartile of share of energy from UPF consumed statistically higher amounts of dietary components to limit and were the highest energy consumers overall. Conclusions: Low-income adults living in SA are consuming insufficient protective dietary components, while UPF consumption is prevalent. Higher UPF consumers consume larger amounts of nutrients linked to increased chronic disease risk. Policy measures are urgently needed in SA to protect against the proliferation of harmful UPF and to promote and enable consumption of whole and less UPF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Extensive research by demographers and economists has shown that longevity differs across socio-economic status (SES), with low-educated or low-income people living, on average, shorter lives than their better-endowed and wealthier peers. Therefore, a pension system with a unique retirement age is a priori problematic. The usual policy recommendation to address this problem is to differentiate the retirement age by SES. This paper explores the relative merits of partial de-annuitization of public pensions as a way of addressing the (imperfectly assessed) inequality of longevity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Court cases involving sexual assault and police violence rely heavily on victim testimony. We consider what we call the Traumatic Untrustworthiness Argument (TUA) according to which we should be skeptical about victim testimony because people are particularly liable to misremember traumatic events. The TUA is not obviously based in mere distrust of women, people of color, disabled people, poor people, and so forth. Rather, it seeks to justify skepticism on epistemic and empirical grounds. We consider how the TUA might appeal to the psychology and neuroscience of memory for empirical support. However, we argue that neither support the TUA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article assesses the state of substantive representation in Quebec provincial politics. In particular, it examines whether women, youth, allophones, and individuals with lower income or level of education are underrepresented by political parties. Citizen representation by political parties is conceptualized according to three types of ideological congruence: 1) the party being ideologically the closest to citizens; 2) the party citizens voted for; and 3) the party system. We evaluate these forms of representation on five dimensions structuring Quebec politics allowing, therefore, for a multidimensional approach to representation: the sovereigntist-federalist axis, the left-right axis, social spending, environmental spending, and immigration. Our results present a complex picture of the representation of the groups under study. Although some groups appear disadvantaged (in particular, women and low-educated citizens), no group is systematically underrepresented, and some groups are sometimes even advantaged (in particular, the youth). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Both Campbell and Carter are influenced by the writing of Walter Benjamin. Carter presents a deep analysis of various aspects of gang activity. By failing to engage with the much wider literature on gangs, violence, and crime in Latin America and the Caribbean and the question of why gang engagement with state power differs in those locales, Carter misses an important opportunity to investigate what shapes the maras and what brought them to the disturbing aesthetics he writes about. While Juárez comes through in this book, the individual stories sometimes feel like the stories of Campbell's relationships with the subjects rather than the narrative of the subjects' experience. [Extracted from the article]

For the state formation literature, increasing the burden on elites is a means used to reinforce the state administratively and militarily, not state capacity itself. The linkages between business and government authorities, such as "consultation forums, collaboration mechanisms, and the inclusion of corporate leaders or their representatives into government positions" (49), determine whether the elite tax can be successfully enacted. In that sense, elite taxation is a state-building phenomenon insofar as it boosts state elites' ability to penetrate society. [Extracted from the article]

In a high fertility context, research on the relationship between parental investment, unwanted births and child nutritional outcomes is limited. The implications may be especially relevant for children coming from the most disadvantaged backgrounds and at increased risk of nutritional deprivation. This study assessed the association between maternal investment, unwanted births disaggregated into mistimed and unwanted children, and child nutritional outcomes in a poor population of Serbian Roma. Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys rounds 5 and 6 data for Serbian Roma settlements were used to account for the association between two measures of maternal investment: weight at birth and parity, and mistimed and unwanted children, and children height-for-age z-score (HAZ), weight-for-age z score (WAZ) and weight-for- height z-score (WHZ). The sample included 130 children aged 0-24 months. The child variables were age, gender, and birth order, while maternal independent variables included age, literacy and access to improved toilet facility as proxies for socioeconomic status. Children born with low birth weight (lower maternal investment in utero) face a significant deficit in terms of their nutritional outcomes, measured by HAZ and WAZ. The effect was aggravated for height if the child was unwanted while there was a positive relationship between access to improved toilet facility and WHZ. Unwanted children were of higher birth order, with older, higher parity mothers than mistimed children. Many of the Roma children may be at risk of undernutrition, however, Roma children who received lower maternal investment in utero, unwanted and living in poorest households may face additional risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we provide an analysis of financial literacy in Peru and Uruguay. We find that the knowledge of simple concepts at the basis of financial decision-making is low in both countries. Not only is financial illiteracy widespread, but it is particularly acute among women, rural populations, the less educated, low-income people, the self-employed, the not employed, younger people (in the case of Peru), and older people (in the case of Uruguay). We also find that financial literacy is linked to measures of financial wellbeing: those who are financially literate are more likely to be able to save and plan for retirement in both countries. In addition, we find a relationship between knowledge of specific concepts and key financial behaviors. Lastly, we find a relationship between financial literacy and financial resilience [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We analyze financial literacy regarding interest rates, inflation, and risk diversification in nine Eastern European countries based on survey data collected in the fall 2022. The percentage of individuals with an understanding of all three concepts is generally low but varies strongly among countries, from 13 percent in Romania to 47 percent in the Czech Republic. Financial illiteracy is particularly acute among those with primary or lower secondary education. Among the three concepts, inflation is what people know best in eight out of nine countries -- a pattern which has emerged recently and is in contrast to other countries, where interest rate literacy is highest. Differences in lifetime inflation experience, in particular experience of high or hyperinflation, affect inflation literacy. Higher financial literacy is associated with a higher propensity to save and a lower propensity to be financially vulnerable in six out of nine countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hopscotch: An Opera for 24 Cars was a celebrated site-based and technetronic musical performance that sought to bring opera into various communities in Los Angeles, many of which were economically disadvantaged. In the process, this opera set off a firestorm of protests that ultimately resulted in confrontations with community members, protests that would test the very premise of the dissemination of opera and performance outside spaces of privilege and in communities of colour. Informed by the concept of transit-oriented performance, this article analyses some ways in which neoliberalism is distorting opera's modern-day resonances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Good though this book is, an even better case could be made for the Church of England as a diverse I People's Church. i So far as any religious body is a "people's Church" it is the Church of England, with its continuing local strength sadly disregarded, as Dr Morris notes by those tempted by a "powerful centralised polity". Old church ways were rapidly reinstated after 1660 along with the king and bishops, and the lay, elected, House of Commons strictly enforced conformity, firmly excluding those unwilling to accept it, so establishing a dissenting tradition apart from the Church. The sharp decline in church attendance after 1960 is noted, but these statistics are a blunt instrument for registering religious allegiance and the Church's penetration of public life and charitable activities. [Extracted from the article]

Growing economic inequality has raised concerns that democratic governments are no longer responsive to popular demands for redistribution either because the state capacity is eroded by footloose capital or because the wealthy subvert democracy through the power of money. In this paper we critically assess these conjectures against long-standing arguments about redistribution and insurance under democracy. We test the alternatives on a new comprehensive dataset on income inequality from 17 advanced democracies between 1980 and 2019. We find that before taxes and transfers income inequality has increased markedly everywhere but also that government redistribution has played a critical role in compensating the middle class and to a perhaps surprising degree also the poor. However, the United States is a large outlier. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The late eighteenth and early nineteenth century witnessed a dramatic increase in the number of pauper lunatics being admitted to institutions and many mentally-ill paupers found their way into workhouses. The range of options existing for the admission of paupers, who at the time were described as lunatics or insane, included private madhouses, charitable asylums, public asylums as well as workhouses. Legislation relating to transfer from a workhouse to a one of these other institutions was ambiguous and depended on the concept of dangerousness and whether a workhouse inmate was manageable, rather than the nature of their illness. Because demand exceeded the space available because of overcrowding, workhouses and public asylums continually needed to increase provision by means of converting existing facilities or erecting new buildings. Nevertheless, the transfer of patients between asylums was commonplace and extensive. This article will explore the interface between two urban workhouses in the West Midlands of England and their local asylums from the late eighteenth until the end of the nineteenth century. It will demonstrate that, although local circumstances at any one time may have contributed to decisions on transfer, the overriding difficulty in the correct placement of pauper lunatics throughout the time period was institutional overcrowding, mainly driven by the increasing numbers of pauper lunatics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A uniform value of a statistical life (VSL) is part of established practice within the federal government. Some people have applauded a uniform VSL on the ground that it respects the equality of persons; takes harm to poor people as seriously as it does harm to wealthy people; avoids expressive harms; and builds appropriate wealth redistribution into regulatory policy. Other people have strenuously objected to a uniform VSL, emphasizing that to reduce mortality risks, poor people are willing to pay less than rich people are, and urging that poor people should not have to pay more than they are willing to pay. Whether a uniform VSL is in the interest of poor people depends on whether we are dealing with subsidies or regulations. In the case of subsidies, a uniform VSL is highly likely to benefit poor people. If we are dealing with regulations, we cannot know whether a uniform VSL helps or harms poor people without knowing the incidence of costs (and benefits). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

However, as Bowen and Bauer demonstrate, when implementing land reforms, the challenge is to develop state action that can effectively balance both state and societal factors under neoliberalism. Bowen and Bauer intersect on different and related topics, from the old and new agrarian (and ecological) question of the twenty-first century to the twists and turns of state-society interactions when implementing land programss for historically excluded subaltern classes. [Extracted from the article]

McRobbie singles out an epicenter of the contemporary anti-trans movement, I mumsnet.com i , as the media outlet/platform that "most precisely embodies" (21) the discourse of professionalized motherhood, but unfortunately she doesn't consider the relationship between this discourse and the recent explosion of trans-exclusionary feminism for which I mumsnet i is significantly responsible. Also, especially given the concentration of trans-exclusionary feminism in the UK, McRobbie's analysis would have been stronger and more useful if it had considered how the neoliberal feminisms she studies in the book take cis women as their ideal subject. McRobbie's book is a valuable contribution to the growing scholarly literature on gender, feminism, and neoliberalism. [Extracted from the article]

Aim: This article draws on the poverty and access to health care framework to explore the barriers to access and utilization of primary health care among aged indigents under the Livelihood Empowerment Against Poverty Programme (LEAP) in Ghana. Background: Although many developing countries have made progress in extending primary health care to their populations following the Alma-Ata Declaration of 1978, the establishment of the Millennium Development Goals, and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), barriers remain pervasive, particularly among vulnerable population groups. Previous studies have hardly paid in-depth attention to this important indicator for measuring progress toward achieving SDG 3. Methodology: To this end, we conducted a case study of access to health care services and utilization among aged indigents enrolled on the LEAP programme in the Daffiama Bussie Issa District of the Upper West. We collected and analyzed qualitative data from indigents aged 65 years and above, health care providers, and staff of the LEAP and the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS). Findings: Our analysis found geographic inaccessibility of health care, high costs of drugs and related services, exclusion of essential services from NHIS benefits package, and irregular transfer of cash to negatively influence access and utilization of health care among aged LEAP beneficiaries in the district. In addition to the need to strengthen the economy, provide health infrastructure and human resources for health in rural areas, the government needs to review the beneficiaries' bimonthly stipends to reflect the daily minimum wage, eliminate the delay in payments, and review the benefits package of the NHIS to include essential services and medical devices commonly used by aged people. Yet implementing these recommendations has affordability implications that require innovation to mobilize additional resources and create the desired fiscal space and institutions that can sustainably implement universal coverage programmes such as the LEAP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Still, Toledo's position is almost an invitation to educational determinism: if you are poor, there is little that the education system can do to equip you with learning, and therefore you are trapped in the poverty cycle. And since many of the students not getting foundational skills in Latin America belong to poor households, the cycle of poverty-low learning-poverty repeats itself. Latin America must exploit its full productivity and growth potential to eliminate poverty and reduce violence. [Extracted from the article]

Economic freedom is robustly associated with income growth, but does this association extend to the poorest in a society? In this paper, we employ Canada's longitudinal cohorts of income mobility between 1982 and 2018 to answer this question. We find that economic freedom, as measured by the Fraser Institute's Economic Freedom of North America (EFNA) index, is positively associated with multiple measures of income mobility for people in the lowest income deciles, including (a) absolute income gain; (b) the percentage of people with rising income; and (c) average decile mobility. For the overall population, economic freedom has weaker effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1985, Yü Ying-shih wrote a poem honoring his mentor, the eminent historian Qian Mu, on the occasion of Qian's ninetieth birthday. Qian Mu offered that view in the introduction to his I General History of China i ( I Guoshi dagang i ), which Yü had read at Northeast Zhongzheng University in 1947 but first studied in depth with Qian Mu himself in 1950. Further reflection leads the reader to see how Yü's memoir resembles Qian Mu's, which was completed in Qian's eighty-eighth year ( I Shi you za yi i [Memories of Teachers and Friends]). [Extracted from the article]

This article explores the childhood of a Mexican Indigenous activist, Raúl Javier Gatica Bautista, who was born in 1963 in the Oaxacan market town of Tlaxiaco. Growing up in poor circumstances, Gatica would become a leader in the social movements that between the 1980s and early 2000s pushed Mexico toward gradual democratic reform. The article seeks to describe what it was like to grow up poor and Indigenous at a time (later dubbed the Mexican Miracle) of impressive social and economic advances. Paying special attention to the experience of racial abuse, the article also asks how Gatica's childhood came to inform his political militancy. While other historians have linked the phenomenon of political radicalism in twentieth-century Latin America to particular social conditions, or to the influence and adaptation of global ideologies, this article seeks the origins of Gatica's radicalism in the experience of a racialised childhood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article attempts to answer the question about the position of women in Polish peasant families in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries based on the memoirs of rural women. Contrary to the claim that taking control over the household budget gave women more power on the farm, memoirs of peasant women show that it was rather an additional duty and responsibility. This problem mainly affected low-income families, where income from typically male activities was insufficient, so homemakers supported the family from the female part of the farm: gardening and dairy production. Thus, despite the decisive importance of women's earnings for the household budget, their power in the family had only a symbolic dimension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Using an adaption of the Photovoice method, this study explored how food insecurity affected parents' ability to provide food for their family, their strategies for managing household food insecurity and the impact of food insecurity on their well-being.Design: Parents submitted photos around their families' experiences with food insecurity. Afterwards, they completed in-depth, semi-structured interviews about their photos. The interviews were transcribed and analysed for thematic content using the constant comparative method.Setting: San Francisco Bay Area, California, USA.Participants: Seventeen parents (fourteen mothers and three fathers) were recruited from a broader qualitative study on understanding the experiences of food insecurity in low-income families.Results: Four themes were identified from the parents' photos and interviews. First, parents described multiple aspects of their food environment that promoted unhealthy eating behaviours. Second, parents shared strategies they employed to acquire food with limited resources. Third, parents expressed feelings of shame, guilt and distress resulting from their experience of food insecurity. And finally, parents described treating their children to special foods to cultivate a sense of normalcy.Conclusions: Parents highlighted the external contributors and internal struggles of their experiences of food insecurity. Additional research to understand the experiences of the food-insecure families may help to improve nutrition interventions targeting this structurally vulnerable population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To compare the cost and affordability of two fortnightly diets (representing the national guidelines and current consumption) across areas containing Australia's major supermarkets.Design: The Healthy Diets Australian Standardised Affordability and Pricing protocol was used.Setting: Price data were collected online and via phone calls in fifty-one urban and inner regional locations across Australia.Participants: Not applicable.Results: Healthy diets were consistently less expensive than current (unhealthy) diets. Nonetheless, healthy diets would cost 25-26 % of the disposable income for low-income households and 30-31 % of the poverty line. Differences in gross incomes (the most available income metric which overrepresents disposable income) drove national variations in diet affordability (from 14 % of the median gross household incomes in the Australian Capital Territory and Northern Territory to 25 % of the median gross household income in Tasmania).Conclusions: In Australian cities and regional areas with major supermarkets, access to affordable diets remains problematic for families receiving low incomes. These findings are likely to be exacerbated in outer regional and remote areas (not included in this study). To make healthy diets economically appealing, policies that reduce the (absolute and relative) costs of healthy diets and increase the incomes of Australians living in poverty are required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As French himself explains, the book pays close attention to the first half of Lula's life, which offers, he argues, the key to understanding how Lula became a key global political figure (2). Such explanation, however, is simplistic at best (and misogynist at worst).[3] It preserves Lula's reputation but ignores why it was possible for Lula to appoint his successor in the first place. The title of the book, Lula's "politics of cunning", is a result of all of these factors and of the concrete challenges that Lula, his family, and his coworkers had to face between the 1960s and the 1980s. French's rigorous analysis of former Brazilian president Lula's trajectory throughout more than half a century of history not only enables us to understand what happened in the past, but also provides key insights to understand the current challenges Brazilian democracy faces. [Extracted from the article]

"The true measure of a nation's standing is how well it attends to its children - their health and safety, their material security, their education and socialization, and their sense of being loved, valued, and included in the families and societies into which they are born." While it is possible for professionals residing abroad to offer such services via telehealth at reduced and affordable costs, the ultimate goal would be to train professionals in Lebanon to support community-wide and one-to-one interventions. Given the gravity of the situation in Lebanon and the importance of early intervention, we encourage professionals residing in high-income nations to extend such training and certification services to Lebanese professionals, or professionals-to-be. [Extracted from the article]

How does poverty influence political participation? This question has interested political scientists since the early days of the discipline, but providing a definitive answer has proved difficult. This article focuses on one central aspect of poverty—the experience of acute financial hardship, lasting a few days at a time. Drawing on classic models of political engagement and novel theoretical insights, I argue that by inducing stress, social isolation, and feelings of alienation, acute financial hardship has immediate negative effects on political participation. Inference relies on a natural experiment afforded by the sequence of bank working days that causes short-term financial difficulties for the poor. Using data from three million individuals, personal interviews, and 1,100 elections in Germany, I demonstrate that acute financial hardship reduces both turnout intentions and actual turnout. The results imply that the financial status of the poor on election day can have important consequences for their political representation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a constellation of deleterious cardiometabolic health conditions (e.g., diabetes, hypertension) that have been linked to cognitive impairment and accelerated cognitive decline in older adults. Research has shown that Latinos are at increased risk for developing MetS relative to non-Latino Whites and the prevention, maintenance, and treatment of cardiometabolic risk factors are largely contingent upon health insurance status. Within the United States there are considerable state-based differences in eligibility and access to health insurance coverage. Although Texas has the second largest population of Latinos, they are one of the most underinsured groups within the state. There is some evidence to suggest that inconsistent healthcare is associated with cognitive impairment among underserved/underprivileged groups. The current study sought to examine whether insurance status moderates the association between MetS and cognitive functioning in an effort to inform public health policy initiatives vital to reducing age-related health disparities amongst Latino older adults residing in Texas. Participants and Methods: The study sample included 850 primarily Spanish-speaking (67.6%) Latino older adults (mean age = 63.1±7.81) largely of Mexican origin/descent (95%) enrolled in the Health and Aging Brain Study-Health Disparities. All participants completed neuropsychological testing, a health exam, and questions about health insurance coverage. MetS status (MetS+ vs. MetS-) was determined by abnormal clinical abdominal obesity, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein, blood pressure, and fasting glucose values. Health insurance status was determined by current enrollment in any private or public insurance plan. Cognition was assessed with Digit Span, Logical Memory I and II, Trail Making Test (A and B), Spanish-English Verbal Learning Test, and Letter Fluency (FAS). Raw scores were converted to z-scores which were subsequently averaged into two distinct memory and executive functioning composite scores. ANCOVAs controlling for age, sex, education, APOE e4 positivity, annual income, and primary language status were used examine health insurance status x MetS interactions on cognitive composites. Results: Approximately 54.6% of the sample met clinical criteria for MetS+ and 23.6% endorsed having no health insurance. There were no significant group differences in the proportion of MetS+ and MetS- individuals with and without health insurance (X 2 =.002, p =.96). Results revealed there was a significant MetS x health insurance status interaction on the memory composite (F = 5.39, p =.02). Post-hoc comparisons revealed that Latino older adults without health insurance demonstrated poorer memory performance relative to those with health insurance in the MetS+ group (p=.02). In contrast, there were no significant differences in memory performance across insurance status in the MetS- group (p=.35). Finally, there was no significant MetS x health insurance interaction on executive functioning (p=.60). Conclusions: Findings revealed that health insurance coverage differentially impacts memory, but not executive functioning, amongst Latinos with MetS+. Underinsured Latinos with chronic cardiometabolic health conditions may be at risk for poor memory outcomes and increasing access to affordable healthcare could help mitigate the adverse effects of MetS+ on memory. Future studies examining the relationship between health insurance, MetS status, and neuroimaging markers may yield additional insight into mechanisms underlying age-related dementia disparities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

I The Ambivalent State i is a careful, thorough and solid examination of the contradictory, ambiguous, selective and ultimately criminal practices of the state in marginalised urban spaces in Argentina. Auyero and Sobering engage both Wacquant and Cruz's notions to make sense of their complex data. In I Urban Outcasts i (Polity, 2008) Loïc Wacquant highlights the importance of the police for the study of state penetration in neighbourhoods of social exclusion. [Extracted from the article]

Emersberger and Podur are critical of the "mano dura" (216) of Maduro's police (which they contrast unfavorably with Chávez's more lenient approach to crime). One example is the media's repeated references to Washington's assertion that Guaidó was Venezuela's legitimate president while omitting that "there was never any reasonable grounds for taking seriously" such a claim (35). The authors argue that "a direct economic incentive is insufficient" to explain Washington's actions, since the I Chavista i governments "never denied the United States access to its country's oil" (21). [Extracted from the article]

Benefit-cost analyses of regulations address Kaldor-Hicks efficiency but rarely investigate the distribution of benefits and costs as experienced by low-income households. In order to fill this gap, this article assembles the available evidence to determine how regulations of the automobile industry may impact the well-being of low-income Americans. The scope of the investigation includes air pollution, safety and fuel-economy regulations. We find that performing benefit-cost analyses for low-income households is more challenging than commonly understood. Given the difficulties in completing distributional analysis with available information, the authors offer practical suggestions on how to change the federal data systems and the rulemaking process to ensure that information is collected about how future automobile regulations impact the well-being of the poor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]