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2. An Early Media Transition in the Middle East: A Tale of Stationers, Chancery Clerks and Scholars.
- Author
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Sauer, Rebecca
- Subjects
HISTORICAL source material ,CLERKS ,LITERARY sources ,SCHOLARS ,PRISONERS of war - Abstract
More than 1,000 years prior to the 'print revolution', a massive media transformation took place in the Middle East, namely, the introduction of paper during the eighth century. Accompanied by several further technological changes, the new writing surface—purportedly brought to Central Asia by Chinese prisoners of war—led to an increasing availability of written sources, an 'explosion of books'. In this paper, I examine the details of this early media transformation, survey how literary and historical sources discussed this development and give insight into the developments it entailed in just a few centuries. The main part of the paper deals with sources from the Mamluk period (1250–1517) that witnessed a thorough literarization of all parts of communal and personal life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Looted Libraries and Legitimation Policies: Ptolemy, the Library of al-Arawšī and the Translation Movement in Toledo.
- Author
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Bellver, José
- Subjects
- *
MARGINALIA , *LIBRARIES , *COPYING , *TRANSLATING & interpreting , *FLAX , *CULTURAL transmission - Abstract
MS Tunis, Dār al-kutub al-waṭaniyya, 7116, is the only extant manuscript containing a complete copy of the Isḥāq/Ṯābit version of the Almagest. Paul Kunitzsch has underlined the close similarities between the marginal notes in the Tunis manuscript and those in Gerard of Cremona's Latin translation of the Almagest , so that Kunitzsch has concluded that Gerard of Cremona had a manuscript close to the Tunis manuscript before him during the revision of his translation of the Almagest. A note in MS Tunis, Dār al-kutub al-waṭaniyya, 7116, points out that this manuscript was copied from a model owned by al-Arawšī, a bibliophile living in Valencia famous for the size of his library, a significant part of which was looted by al-Maʾmūn b. Ḏī l-Nūn and sent to Toledo, arguably shortly before Ṣāʿid al-Andalusī wrote his Ṭabaqāt al-umam. Based on MS Tunis, Dār al-kutub al-waṭaniyya, 7116, the present contribution explores the significance of al-Arawšī's looted library as an important link between Umayyad Cordoba and Toledo. It also calls attention to the highly unusual paper of MS Tunis, Dār al-kutub al-waṭaniyya, 7116, made of woven fibers, maybe flax. Résumé: Le manuscrit de Tunis, Dār al-kutub al-waṭaniyya, 7116, est le seul manuscrit existant contenant une copie complète de la version d'Isḥāq/Ṯābit de l' Almageste. Paul Kunitzsch souligna les fortes similitudes entre les notes marginales du manuscrit de Tunis et celles de la traduction latine de l' Almageste par Gérard de Crémone, de sorte qu'il conclut que Gérard de Crémone avait devant lui un manuscrit proche du manuscrit de Tunis lors de la révision de sa traduction de l' Almageste. Une note dans le manuscrit de Tunis, Dār al-kutub al-waṭaniyya, 7116, signale que ce manuscrit a été copié d'après un modèle appartenant à al-Arawšī, un bibliophile vivant à Valence et célèbre pour la taille de sa bibliothèque, dont une importante partie fut pillée par al-Maʾmūn b. Ḏī l-Nūn et envoyée à Tolède, sans doute peu avant que Ṣāʿid al-Andalusī ne rédige ses Ṭabaqāt al-umam. S'appuyant sur le manuscrit de Tunis, Dār al-kutub al-waṭaniyya, 7116, la présente contribution explore l'importance de la bibliothèque pillée d'al-Arawšī comme lien essentiel entre la Cordoue omeyyade et Tolède. Elle porte également une attention particulière au papier très inhabituel du manuscrit de Tunis, Dār al-kutub al-waṭaniyya, 7116, fait de fibres tissées, peut-être du lin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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