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Introduction: The use of magnesium sulfate for treating aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) has shown inconsistent results across studies. To assess the impact of magnesium sulfate on outcomes after aSAH, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of relevant randomized controlled trials. Methods: PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched for relevant literature on magnesium sulfate for aSAH from database inception to March 20, 2023. The primary outcome was cerebral vasospasm (CV), and secondary outcomes included delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI), secondary cerebral infarction, rebleeding, neurological dysfunction, and mortality. Results: Of the 558 identified studies, 16 comprising 3,503 patients were eligible and included in the analysis. Compared with control groups (saline or standard treatment), significant differences were reported in outcomes of CV [odds ratio (OR) = 0.61, p = 0.04, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.37-0.99)], DCI [OR = 0.57, p = 0.01, 95% CI (0.37-0.88)], secondary cerebral infarction [OR = 0.49, p = 0.01, 95% CI (0.27-0.87)] and neurological dysfunction [OR = 0.55, p = 0.04, 95% CI (0.32-0.96)] after magnesium sulfate administration, with no significant differences detected in mortality [OR = 0.92, p = 0.47, 95% CI (0.73-1.15)] and rebleeding [OR = 0.68, p = 0.55, 95% CI (0.19-2.40)] between the two groups. Conclusion: The superiority of magnesium sulfate over standard treatments for CV, DCI, secondary cerebral infarction, and neurological dysfunction in patients with aSAH was demonstrated. Further randomized trials are warranted to validate these findings with increased sample sizes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the predictive value of Whole Brain CT Perfusion (WB-CTP) combined with the ABCD3 score in patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA). Methods: A total of 336 TIA patients with TIA underwent WB-CTP and ABCD3 score assessment within 48 h of admission. Spearman correlation test was performed to analyze the relationship between the degree of vascular stenosis, relative perfusion values, and ABCD3 score. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors for secondary cerebral infarction. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to evaluate the predictive value of relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF), degree of vascular stenosis, ABCD3 score, and the WB-CTP-ABCD3 combined model for secondary cerebral infarction after TIA. Calibration curves and H-L tests were used to evaluate the predictive efficacy of the model. Results: Among the 336 TIA patients, 143 showed abnormal perfusion areas and 146 had responsible vessel stenosis. The degree of vascular stenosis, relative time-to-maximum (rTmax), and relative mean transit time (rMTT) were positively correlated with the ABCD3 score, while rCBF and relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) were negatively correlated with the ABCD3 score. ROC curve analysis identified a cutoff value of 0.8205 for rCBF, with a sensitivity of 84.10% and specificity of 58.10% for distinguishing the cerebral infarction group from the non-cerebral infarction group. Furthermore, rCBF = 0.8205, degree of vascular stenosis, and ABCD3 score > 6 were identified as independent risk factors for secondary cerebral infarction in TIA patients within 90 days in TIA patients. The AUC of the WB-CTP-ABCD3 combined model for predicting secondary cerebral infarction within 90 days was 0.836. The model risk was assessed by plotting calibration curves. The value of p for the H-L goodness of fit test was 0.366 (p > 0.05), which indicated that the difference between the obtained model and the perfect model were statistically insignificant. Conclusion: The combined model of WB-CTP-ABCD3 shows promise as a valuable method for predicting secondary cerebral infarction within 90 days following TIA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

目的 探索高血压性脑出血（hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage，HICH）患者钻孔引流手术后继发性脑梗死的危险因素。 方法 连续纳入2017年1月—2020年1月在南京同仁医院神经外科行钻孔引流术治疗的HICH患者的临床资料，进行回顾性分析。根据术后1～7 d头颅CT检查是否存在继发性脑梗死，分为继发性脑梗死组和无继发性脑梗死组。通过单因素分析和多因素logistic回归分析筛选出HICH患者继发性脑梗死的独立危险因素，并构建继发性脑梗死的风险预测模型。采用ROC曲线、校准曲线、临床决策曲线评价模型的区分度、准确度和有效性。 结果 本研究共纳入210例HICH患者，其中24例术后继发性脑梗死，发生率为11.43%。单因素分析显示，继发性脑梗死组高血压病史时间（年）、收缩压、舒张压、糖尿病比例、血肿量、脑水肿分布范围、脑组织移位距离、hs-CRP和尿酸（uric acid，UA）水平均高于无继发性脑梗死组，服用扩血管药物比例患者低于无继发性脑梗死组，上述差异均有统计学意义。多因素分析显示，高血压病史时间长（OR 1.642，95%CI 1.175～1.892，P

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This study explored the value of carotid ultrasound combined with CT and serum microRNA-124 (miR-124) and microRNA-155 (miR-155) in predicting the risk of secondary cerebral infarction in patients with carotid stenosis. Forty-three patients with carotid stenosis were selected as carotid stenosis group, and 43 normal volunteers were selected as normal group. The expression of miR-124 and miR-155 was detected by RT-PCR. Carotid artery stenosis was examined by carotid ultrasound. The blood vessels in the neck were examined by CT. The results showed that compared with the normal group, the expression of miR- 124 and miR-155 in carotid stenosis group was increased (P<0.05). Compared with ultrasound and CT, ultrasound combined with ct had higher accuracy and diagnostic value (P<0.05). It is found that carotid ultrasound, CT, miR-124 and miR-155 have high diagnostic value for carotid artery stenosis, and can be used to predict the risk of secondary cerebral infarction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Transient ischemic attack (TIA) is a super warning for cerebral infarction stroke, thus probe of sensitive biomarker for TIA diagnosis and prognosis can contribute to make an optimal intervention plan.Objective: This study was conducted to explore the value of ischemic modified albumin (IMA) and microRNA-12miR-126 on the diagnosis of posterior circulation TIA and the prediction of secondary cerebral infarction.Study Design: This study was conducted as a longitudinal prospective research.Methods: The levels of serum IMA and miR-126 at 3h, 6h and 12h after TIA onset were analyzed in 106 patients, then the predictive value of IMA and miR-126 for secondary cerebral infarction were tested.Results: A significant increase of serum IMA and a decrease of miR-126 were observed after TIA onset (P = 0.000),simultaneously a significant negative correlation was found between serum IMA for 3 h and miR-126 for 12 hr=-0.401, P = 0.000. Both IMA and miR-126 were significant associated with the secondary cerebral infarction.Conclusion: Early detection of IMA and miR-126 is of great value in diagnosing posterior circulation TIA and predicting the secondary cerebral infarction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the predictive value of Whole Brain CT Perfusion (WB-CTP) combined with the ABCD3 score in patients with transient ischemic attack (TIA)., Methods: A total of 336 TIA patients with TIA underwent WB-CTP and ABCD3 score assessment within 48 h of admission. Spearman correlation test was performed to analyze the relationship between the degree of vascular stenosis, relative perfusion values, and ABCD3 score. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors for secondary cerebral infarction. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to evaluate the predictive value of relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF), degree of vascular stenosis, ABCD3 score, and the WB-CTP-ABCD3 combined model for secondary cerebral infarction after TIA. Calibration curves and H-L tests were used to evaluate the predictive efficacy of the model., Results: Among the 336 TIA patients, 143 showed abnormal perfusion areas and 146 had responsible vessel stenosis. The degree of vascular stenosis, relative time-to-maximum (rTmax), and relative mean transit time (rMTT) were positively correlated with the ABCD3 score, while rCBF and relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) were negatively correlated with the ABCD3 score. ROC curve analysis identified a cutoff value of 0.8205 for rCBF, with a sensitivity of 84.10% and specificity of 58.10% for distinguishing the cerebral infarction group from the non-cerebral infarction group. Furthermore, rCBF ≤ 0.8205, degree of vascular stenosis, and ABCD3 score > 6 were identified as independent risk factors for secondary cerebral infarction in TIA patients within 90 days in TIA patients. The AUC of the WB-CTP-ABCD3 combined model for predicting secondary cerebral infarction within 90 days was 0.836. The model risk was assessed by plotting calibration curves. The value of p for the H-L goodness of fit test was 0.366 ( p > 0.05), which indicated that the difference between the obtained model and the perfect model were statistically insignificant., Conclusion: The combined model of WB-CTP-ABCD3 shows promise as a valuable method for predicting secondary cerebral infarction within 90 days following TIA., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Liu, Chen and Wu.)

Objective: To explore the application value of comprehensive nursing in improving prognosis and relieving bad moods of patients with secondary cerebral infarction after craniocerebral injury., Methods: Patients with cerebral infarction secondary to craniocerebral injury in our hospital from January 2017 to October 2019 were selected as the study subjects. According to the random number table method, they were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group, with 40 patients in each group. The control group was given routine nursing care and the observation group was given comprehensive nursing care. The prognosis, the changes of mood before and after nursing, nursing satisfaction, quality of life after nursing, and complications were compared between the two groups., Results: After the implementation of nursing, the good prognosis rate of the observation group was 90.00% (36/40), significantly higher than that of the control group 60.00% (24/40) ( P <0.05); the HAMA and HDRS scores of the observation group were significantly better than that of the control group, and the nursing satisfaction rate was higher than that of the control group ( P <0.05). The total score of quality of life in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the incidence of complications was significantly lower than that in the control group ( P <0.05)., Conclusion: Comprehensive nursing care for patients with secondary cerebral infarction after craniocerebral injury can effectively improve prognosis and relieve bad moods, reduce the incidence of complications and improve nursing satisfaction, so as to improve the quality of life of patients., Competing Interests: None., (AJTR Copyright © 2021.)