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Objective To compare the accuracy of the original-mirror alignment algorithm and a landmark-independent method in constructing the midsagittal plane (MSP) of the cone beam computed tomography in patients with facial deformities, so as to provide a theoretical basis for symmetric analysis. Methods The study was approved by the hospital ethics committee. Cone beam computed tomography data of 30 patients with facial deformities were obtained, and the output was saved in DICOM format. The scan data were imported into Mimics 21.0; after segmentation, three-dimensional (3D) skull models were reconstructed. Furthermore, the 3D scan data of skulls were transformed into mirror skull models using Geomagic Studio 2014 reverse engineering software. The MSP of each skull was generated using both the original-mirror alignment algorithm and the landmark-independent method. Original-mirror alignment algorithm: the original skull model and its mirror model were combined, and the new data to calculate the MSP (S1) of the original data in Geomagic Studio 2014 were obtained. Landmark-independent method: the following anatomical landmarks were determined using Mimics 21.0: nasion (N), crista galli (CG), sella (S), basion (Ba), vomer (V), posterior nasal spine (PNS), incisive foramen (IF), and anterior nasal spine (ANS). The MSP (S2) of best fit was then found by minimizing the mean square distance of these eight anatomical landmarks to a plane in Geomagic Studio 2014. The results of the S1 and S2 models constructed using the original-mirror alignment algorithm and the landmark-independent method, respectively, were scored subjectively by five senior maxillofacial surgeons, and a paired t-test was performed for the two groups. The internal consistency analysis was performed based on secondary experiments to verify the repeatability of the expert evaluation method. Results The average scores of the S1 and S2 models were 65.73 and 75.90, respectively. The average score of the model constructed using the landmark-independent method was significantly higher than that of the model constructed using the original-mirror alignment algorithm (P

To reduce slippage between the sensing module mounted on the tight-fitting clothing and the human skin during body movement, the clothing was optimized by numerical simulation. Firstly, solid models of the upper body and the sleeveless tight-fitting clothing were established using the reverse engineering software Geomagic Studio. Secondly, the sleeveless tight-fitting clothing was cut and segmented by the structural style of the tight-fitting clothing and the range of the skin deformation in each area. Finally, taking the running movement of the body as an example, the finite element analysis platform ANSYS Workbench was used to study the position change of sensing module mounting points relative to the human skin when different elastic fabrics were combined into the clothing. The results showed that when fabrics with higher elasticity were selected for front and back pieces and fabrics with lower elasticity were selected for shoulder and side pieces, the slippage between the sensing module and the human skin was smaller. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Use Case Diagram (UCD) is a visual form of system design that helps software developers comprehend the system behavior. Maintaining and updating the system can be a difficult task when it has no visualization of a system behavior or software requirement specification document. Reverse engineering is an approach used to extract software requirement specifications from the existing systems. Research in reverse engineering has shown various techniques in which the processes are not fully understood. This study analyzes the University Community Services Information System (UCSIS) as the existing system in three processes: identifying the system domain process, elaborating system features by implementing the event table, and constructing the use case realization. The results showed that a UCD could be generated through the reverse engineering process on the existing system. Furthermore, a new feature for system improvement can also be detected using this method. It is expected that the reverse engineering approach in this study can be used as guidance for the software development team in extracting the use case diagram from the existing systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In software engineering, documentation is considered the best way to distinguish the main functions of the software. The lack of software documentation may lead to consuming time and effort during the software design phase, which finally affects the quality of software. For instance, without proper documentation, the software maintainability index would never get a reasonable mark. The research has been progressive originally as a resilient concept, once the concept is proved to be developable in the Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC), the finishing product will be started to improve with satisfactory documentation. Also, software responsibility has caused complications, such as high costs of software repairs and inefficient process of knowledge transmission between developers. As a Software Reverse Engineering (SRE) method, this work uses a combination of an automatic class diagram creation tool with some manual tweaks, as well as source code analysis and comfortable interviews, to recover the product's design principles and requirement use cases. As a result, two documents will be produced: a Software Requirements Specification document and a Software Design Document. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To investigate a computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) process for producing one-piece removable partial dentures (RPDs) and to evaluate their fits in vitro.Materials and Methods: A total of 15 one-piece RPDs were designed using dental CAD and reverse engineering software and then fabricated with polyetheretherketone (PEEK) using CAM. The gaps between RPDs and casts were measured and compared with traditional cast framework RPDs.Results: Gaps were lower for one-piece PEEK RPDs compared to traditional RPDs.Conclusion: One-piece RPDs can be manufactured by CAD/CAM, and their fits were better than those of traditional RPDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The existing works of software watermarking have the intrinsic defects: watermarking is independent of program semantics and have weak strength and resilience to state-of-the-art reverse engineering such as symbolic execution, dynamic taint analysis and theorem proving. In this paper, we propose a semantic-integrated watermarking with tamper-proofing to mitigate such problems. This work chooses neural network as the “integrator” and skillfully integrates the watermarking and tamper-proofing module into program semantics. The difficult of reverse engineering or tampering with watermarked program is equal to extracting the rules from neural networks, which had be proven as a NP-hard problem. We have deployed our work in SPECint-2006 benchmarks to evaluate the overhead, strength and resilience. Experiment results show that our watermarking could effectively resist the state-of-the-art reverse engineering, and the introduced overhead is acceptable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A domain model can provide compact information about its corresponding software system for business people. If the software system exists without its domain model and documentation it is time-consuming to understand its behavior and structure only from the code. Reverse Engineering (RE) tools can be used for obtaining behavior and structure of the software system from source code. After that the domain model can be created. A short overview and an example of obtaining the domain model, Topological Functioning Model (TFM), from source code are provided in the paper. Positive and negative effects of the process of TFM backward derivation are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This report describes the case of a patient who required rehabilitation of their maxillary anterior teeth following a traumatic injury through a physical altercation. The decision was made to extract the maxillary central incisors and maxillary right lateral incisor, perform immediate implantation on the maxillary right lateral incisor and left central incisor areas, and place a three-unit immediate provisional restoration. Predesigned virtual teeth enabled efficient fabrication of the immediate provisional restoration following the implant placement. After a sufficient healing period with periodic check-ups, final impressions were made using a digital approach, with meticulous care taken to preserve the gingival architecture around the sites of rehabilitation. Thus, the custom abutments and definitive restoration were placed without eliciting an uncomfortable feeling in the patient. Both esthetic and functional outcomes were satisfactory. Reduced soft tissue volume around the implant restoration was observed, primarily within the two months post-extraction/implantation, based on superimposition of the serial scan data. Soft tissue volume changes in the present case suggest the need for controlled clinical studies of three-dimensional changes of gingival contours after extraction and/or implantation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]