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CIRM Jean-Morlet Chair, Spring 2016, Lecture notes from the workshops held in Marseille, CIRM Jean-Morlet Series; International audience; This volume presents a panorama of the diverse activities organized by V. Heiermann and D. Prasad in Marseille at the CIRM for the Chaire Morlet event during the first semester of 2016. It assembles together expository articles on topics which previously could only be found in research papers.Starting with a very detailed article by P. Baumann and S. Riche on the geometric Satake correspondence, the book continues with three introductory articles on distinguished representations due to P. Broussous, F. Murnaghan, and O. Offen; an expository article of I. Badulescu on the Jacquet–Langlands correspondence; a paper of J. Arthur on functoriality and the trace formula in the context of "Beyond Endoscopy", taken from the Simons Proceedings; an article of W-W. Li attempting to generalize Godement–Jacquet theory; and a research paper of C. Moeglin and D. Renard, applying the trace formula to the local Langlands classification for classical groups.The book should be of interest to students as well as professional researchers working in the broad area of number theory and representation theory.

In this thesis we study geometric Satake correspondance. First we identify the intersection form throught the correspondance. It equals a contravariant form twisted by Schützenberger's involution. Then we use a combinatoric conjecture to demonstrate the compatibility of the Mirkovic and Vilonen basis with the Schützenberger involution. We demonstrate this conjecture for the sl2 case. The combinatoric tools created to demonstrate this conjecture allow us to demonstrate that the dual semicanonical basis semicanonique duale equals the generalized Mirovic et Vilonen basis., On étudie dans cette thèse la correspondance de Satake géométrique. Un premier résultat est l’identification de la forme d’intersection au travers de la correspondance de Satake géométrique. En effet elle est égale à la forme contravariante "tordue"par l’involution de Schützenberger. On fait alors une conjecture combinatoire afin de démontrer que la base de Mirkovic ́ et Vilonen est compatible avec l’involution de Schützenberger. On démontre cette conjecture dans le cas où l’algèbre de Lie est sl2. Les outils combinatoires développés pour démontrer cette conjecture permettent, en outre, de prouver que la base semicanonique duale coïncide, pour sl2, avec la base de Mirovic et Vilonen généralisée.