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126 results on '"Zito, Phoebe"'

9. Effects of burning and photochemical degradation of Macondo surrogate oil on its composition and toxicity.

Author

Benz, Pamela P., Zito, Phoebe, Osborn, Ed, Goranov, Aleksandar I., Hatcher, Patrick G., Seivert, Matthew D., and Jeffrey, Wade H.

Abstract

Petroleum products in the environment can produce significant toxicity through photochemically driven processes. Burning surface oil and photochemical degradation were two mechanisms for oil removal after the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. After burning, residual oil remains in the environment and may undergo further weathering, a poorly understood fate. Although photochemistry was a major degradation pathway of the DWH oil, its effect on burned oil residue in the environment is under studied. Here, we ignited Macondo surrogate crude oil and allowed it to burn to exhaustion. Water-accommodated fractions (WAFs) of the burn residue were created in full sunlight to determine the effects of photochemical weathering on the burned oil residue. Our findings show that increased dissolved organic carbon concentrations (DOC) for the light unburned and light burned after sunlight exposure positively correlated to decreased microbial growth and production inhibition (i.e. more toxic) when compared to the dark controls. Optical and molecular analytical techniques were used to identify the classes of compounds contributing to the toxicity in the dark and light burned and dark and light unburned WAFs. After light exposure, the optical composition between the light unburned and light burned differed significantly (p < 0.05), revealing key fluorescence signatures commonly identified as crude oil degradation products. Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) analysis showed more condensed aromatic, reduced oxygenated compounds present in the light burned than in the light unburned. FT-ICR MS also showed an increase in the percent relative abundance of carboxyl-rich alicyclic molecules (CRAM) like compounds in the light burned compared to light unburned. The increase in CRAM suggests that the composition of the light burned is more photorefractory, i.e., reduced, explaining the residual toxicity observed in microbial activity. Overall, these data indicate burning removes some but not all toxic compounds, leaving behind compounds which retain considerable toxicity. This study shows that burn oil residues are photolabile breaking down further into complex reduced compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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11. High fire-derived nitrogen deposition on central African forests

Author

Bauters, Marijn, Drake, Travis W., Verbeeck, Hans, Bodé, Samuel, Hervé-Fernández, Pedro, Zito, Phoebe, Podgorski, David C., Boyemba, Faustin, Makelele, Isaac, Ntaboba, Landry Cizungu, Spencer, Robert G. M., and Boeckx, Pascal

Published
2018

19. Photochemical Mobilization of Dissolved Hydrocarbon Oxidation Products from Petroleum Contaminated Soil into a Shallow Aquifer Activate Human Nuclear Receptors

Author

Zito, Phoebe, primary, Bekins, Barbara A., additional, Martinović-Weigelt, Dalma, additional, Harsha, Maxwell L., additional, Humpal, Katherine E., additional, Trost, Jared, additional, Cozzarelli, Isabelle, additional, Mazzoleni, Lynn Rebecca, additional, Schum, Simeon K., additional, and Podgorski, David C., additional

Published
2023
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21. P17858_Barium Ion Adduct Mass Spectrometry to Identify Carboxylic Acid Photoproducts from Crude Oil–water Systems Under Solar Irradiation

Author

Mckenna, Amy and Zito, Phoebe

Abstract

Petroleum derived dissolved organic matter (DOMHC) samples were successfully cationized with barium, revealing many [M–H + Ba]+ peaks in both dark and simulated sunlight treatments. The DOMHC samples generated after light exposure exhibited a greater number of [M–H + Ba]+ peaks compared to the dark control. Multiple [M–H + Ba]+ peaks were investigated in the irradiated DOMHC using low resolution MS/MS in order to confirm the presence of diagnostic fragment ions, m/z 139, 155 and 196 in each treatment. Due to the high complexity of the bariated DOMHC mixture, Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS/MS) was employed to obtain molecular level information for both irradiated and dark treatments. The irradiated DOMHC treatments had more bariated oxygenated species over a wide range of H/C and O/C when compared to the dark controls. Doubly bariated species were also observed in DOMHC, which provides evidence that photochemistry transforms DOMHC to even more complex mixtures with multiple oxygenations per molecule. This study provides evidence that barium adduct mass spectrometry can be successfully applied to DOMHC screening for the presence of COOHs, both in dark samples and solar irradiated samples. Furthermore, direct evidence and molecular composition of aqueous phase crude oil photoproducts is provided by this technique.

Published
2022
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27. Contributors

Author

Adhikari, Puspa L., Aeppli, Christoph, Brown, Carl E., Brunswick, Pamela, Cody, Robert B., Diaz, Martin Andres, Fingas, Merv, Gundlach, Erich R., Iroakasi, Ogonnaya, Mac Cormack, W.P., Martínez Álvarez, Lucas M., Massot, Francisco, Overton, Edward B., Owens, Ed, Radović, Jagoš R., Rayaroth, Manoj P., Ruberto, Lucas A.M., Shang, Dayue, Shigenaka, Gary, Story, Nicholas I., Tikkisetty, Krishnaja, Uche, Izuchukwu, and Zito, Phoebe

Published
2025
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28. Life at the Frozen Limit: Microbial Carbon Metabolism Across a Late Pleistocene Permafrost Chronosequence

Author

Leewis, Mary-Cathrine, primary, Berlemont, Renaud, additional, Podgorski, David C., additional, Srinivas, Archana, additional, Zito, Phoebe, additional, Spencer, Robert G. M., additional, McFarland, Jack, additional, Douglas, Thomas A., additional, Conaway, Christopher H., additional, Waldrop, Mark, additional, and Mackelprang, Rachel, additional

Published
2020
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29. An international laboratory comparison of dissolved organic matter composition by high resolution mass spectrometry: Are we getting the same answer?

Author

Hawkes, Jeffrey A., primary, D'Andrilli, Juliana, additional, Agar, Jeffrey N., additional, Barrow, Mark P., additional, Berg, Stephanie M., additional, Catalán, Núria, additional, Chen, Hongmei, additional, Chu, Rosalie K., additional, Cole, Richard B., additional, Dittmar, Thorsten, additional, Gavard, Rémy, additional, Gleixner, Gerd, additional, Hatcher, Patrick G., additional, He, Chen, additional, Hess, Nancy J., additional, Hutchins, Ryan H. S., additional, Ijaz, Amna, additional, Jones, Hugh E., additional, Kew, William, additional, Khaksari, Maryam, additional, Palacio Lozano, Diana Catalina, additional, Lv, Jitao, additional, Mazzoleni, Lynn R, additional, Noriega‐Ortega, Beatriz E., additional, Osterholz, Helena, additional, Radoman, Nikola, additional, Remucal, Christina K., additional, Schmitt, Nicholas D., additional, Schum, Simeon K, additional, Shi, Quan, additional, Simon, Carsten, additional, Singer, Gabriel, additional, Sleighter, Rachel L., additional, Stubbins, Aron, additional, Thomas, Mary J., additional, Tolic, Nikola, additional, Zhang, Shuzhen, additional, Zito, Phoebe, additional, and Podgorski, David C., additional

Published
2020
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32. An international laboratory comparison of dissolved organic matter composition by high resolution mass spectrometry : Are we getting the same answer?

Author

Hawkes, Jeffrey A., D'Andrilli, Juliana, Agar, Jeffrey N., Barrow, Mark P., Berg, Stephanie M., Catalan, Nuria, Chen, Hongmei, Chu, Rosalie K., Cole, Richard B., Dittmar, Thorsten, Gavard, Remy, Gleixner, Gerd, Hatcher, Patrick G., He, Chen, Hess, Nancy J., Hutchins, Ryan H. S., Ijaz, Amna, Jones, Hugh E., Kew, William, Khaksari, Maryam, Lozano, Diana Catalina Palacio, Lv, Jitao, Mazzoleni, Lynn R., Noriega-Ortega, Beatriz E., Osterholz, Helena, Radoman, Nikola, Remucal, Christina K., Schmitt, Nicholas D., Schum, Simeon K., Shi, Quan, Simon, Carsten, Singer, Gabriel, Sleighter, Rachel L., Stubbins, Aron, Thomas, Mary J., Tolic, Nikola, Zhang, Shuzhen, Zito, Phoebe, Podgorski, David C., Hawkes, Jeffrey A., D'Andrilli, Juliana, Agar, Jeffrey N., Barrow, Mark P., Berg, Stephanie M., Catalan, Nuria, Chen, Hongmei, Chu, Rosalie K., Cole, Richard B., Dittmar, Thorsten, Gavard, Remy, Gleixner, Gerd, Hatcher, Patrick G., He, Chen, Hess, Nancy J., Hutchins, Ryan H. S., Ijaz, Amna, Jones, Hugh E., Kew, William, Khaksari, Maryam, Lozano, Diana Catalina Palacio, Lv, Jitao, Mazzoleni, Lynn R., Noriega-Ortega, Beatriz E., Osterholz, Helena, Radoman, Nikola, Remucal, Christina K., Schmitt, Nicholas D., Schum, Simeon K., Shi, Quan, Simon, Carsten, Singer, Gabriel, Sleighter, Rachel L., Stubbins, Aron, Thomas, Mary J., Tolic, Nikola, Zhang, Shuzhen, Zito, Phoebe, and Podgorski, David C.

Abstract

High-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) has become a vital tool for dissolved organic matter (DOM) characterization. The upward trend in HRMS analysis of DOM presents challenges in data comparison and interpretation among laboratories operating instruments with differing performance and user operating conditions. It is therefore essential that the community establishes metric ranges and compositional trends for data comparison with reference samples so that data can be robustly compared among research groups. To this end, four identically prepared DOM samples were each measured by 16 laboratories, using 17 commercially purchased instruments, using positive-ion and negative-ion mode electrospray ionization (ESI) HRMS analyses. The instruments identified similar to 1000 common ions in both negative- and positive-ion modes over a wide range of m/z values and chemical space, as determined by van Krevelen diagrams. Calculated metrics of abundance-weighted average indices (H/C, O/C, aromaticity and m/z) of the commonly detected ions showed that hydrogen saturation and aromaticity were consistent for each reference sample across the instruments, while average mass and oxygenation were more affected by differences in instrument type and settings. In this paper we present 32 metric values for future benchmarking. The metric values were obtained for the four different parameters from four samples in two ionization modes and can be used in future work to evaluate the performance of HRMS instruments.

Published
2020
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38. Spatiotemporal transformation of dissolved organic matter along an alpine stream flow path on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau: importance of source and permafrost degradation

Author

Wang, Yinghui, primary, Spencer, Robert G. M., additional, Podgorski, David C., additional, Kellerman, Anne M., additional, Rashid, Harunur, additional, Zito, Phoebe, additional, Xiao, Wenjie, additional, Wei, Dandan, additional, Yang, Yuanhe, additional, and Xu, Yunping, additional

Published
2018
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42. Spatiotemporal transformation of dissolved organic matter along an alpine stream flowpath on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau: importance of source and permafrost degradation

Author

Wang, Yinghui, primary, Spencer, Robert G. M., additional, Podgorski, David, additional, Kellerman, Anne, additional, Rashid, Harunur, additional, Zito, Phoebe, additional, Xiao, Wenjie, additional, Wei, Dandan, additional, Yang, Yuanhe, additional, and Xu, Yunping, additional

Published
2018
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43. Supplementary material to &quot;Spatiotemporal transformation of dissolved organic matter along an alpine stream flowpath on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau: importance of source and permafrost degradation&quot;

Author

Wang, Yinghui, primary, Spencer, Robert G. M., additional, Podgorski, David, additional, Kellerman, Anne, additional, Rashid, Harunur, additional, Zito, Phoebe, additional, Xiao, Wenjie, additional, Wei, Dandan, additional, Yang, Yuanhe, additional, and Xu, Yunping, additional

Published
2018
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48. Weathering of oil spilled in the marine environment

Author

Tarr, Matthew, Zito, Phoebe, Overton, Edward B., Olson, Gregory M., Adhikari, Puspa L., Reddy, Christopher M., Tarr, Matthew, Zito, Phoebe, Overton, Edward B., Olson, Gregory M., Adhikari, Puspa L., and Reddy, Christopher M.

Abstract

Author Posting. © The Oceanography Society, 2016. This article is posted here by permission of The Oceanography Society for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Oceanography 29, no. 3 (2016): 126–135, doi:10.5670/oceanog.2016.77., Crude oil is a complex mixture of many thousands of mostly hydrocarbon and nitrogen-, sulfur-, and oxygen-containing compounds with molecular weights ranging from below 70 Da to well over 2,000 Da. When this complex mixture enters the environment from spills, ruptures, blowouts, or seeps, it undergoes a continuous series of compositional changes that result from a process known as weathering. Spills of petroleum involving human activity generally result in more rapid input of crude oil or refined products (diesel, gasoline, heavy fuel oil, and diluted bitumens) to the marine system than do natural processes and urban runoffs. The primary physicochemical processes involved in weathering include evaporation, dissolution, emulsification, dispersion, sedimentation/flocculation, microbial degradation, and photooxidation., The authors of this article received funding from the Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative (data are publicly available through the Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative Information & Data Cooperative [GRIIDC] at https://data.gulfresearchinitiative.org) and the National Science Foundation (CHE-1507295 and OSE-1333148).

Published
2016

49. Synthesis of the 5-Fluoro-4-hydroxypentyl Side Chain Metabolites of Synthetic Cannabinoids 5F-APINACA and CUMYL-5F-PINACA.

Author

McKinnie, Ryan J., Darweesh, Tasneam, Zito, Phoebe A., Shields Jr., Terrell J., and Trudell, Mark L.

Subjects
CANNABINOIDS, METABOLITES, EPOXIDATION, HYDROXYL group, INDAZOLES
Abstract

An efficient method for the construction of the 5-fluoro-4-hydroxypentyl side chain common to a number of synthetic cannabinoid metabolites was developed. A series of hydroxyl protecting groups was examined to assess the viability as orthogonal protecting groups for epoxidation and regioselective hydrofluorination. The 1-[5-fluoro-4-(diphenyl-tert-butylsilyloxy)]pentyl tosylate was prepared in 67% overall yield (six steps) from pent-4-en-1-ol and was employed for the synthesis of the 4-hydroxy metabolites of the synthetic cannabinoid 5FAPINACA and CUMYL-5F-PINACA [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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50. Spatiotemporal transformation of dissolved organic matter along an alpine stream flowpath on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau: importance of source and permafrost degradation.

Author

Yinghui Wang, Spencer, Robert G. M., Podgorski, David, Kellerman, Anne, Rashid, Harunur, Zito, Phoebe, Wenjie Xiao, Dandan Wei, Yuanhe Yang, and Yunping Xu

Subjects
ORGANIC compound content of seawater, BIODEGRADATION of carbon compounds, STREAMFLOW, CLIMATE change, PERMAFROST ecosystems
Abstract

The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) accounts for approximately 70 % of global alpine permafrost and is an area sensitive to climate change. The thawing and mobilization of ice and organic carbon-rich permafrost impact hydrologic conditions and biogeochemical processes on the QTP. Despite numerous studies of Arctic permafrost, there are no reports to date for the molecular-level in-stream processing of permafrost-derived dissolved organic matter (DOM) on the QTP. In this study, we examine temporal and spatial changes of chemical composition of DOM and 14C age of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) along an alpine stream (3850–3207 m above sea level) by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS), accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) and UV-visible spectroscopy. Compared to downstream sites, the DOM at the headstream exhibited older radiocarbon (14C-DOC) age, higher mean molecular weight, higher aromaticity and fewer polyunsaturated components. At the molecular level, 6409 and 1345 formulas were identified as unique to the active layer (AL) leachate and permafrost layer (PL) leachate, respectively. Comparing permafrost leachates to the downstream site, 59 % of AL-specific formulas and 90 % of PL-specific formulas were degraded, likely a result of rapid instream degradation of permafrost-derived DOM. From peak discharge in the summer to low flow in late autumn, the DOC concentration at the headstream site decreased from 13.9 to 10.2 mg/L, while the 14C-DOC age increased from 745 to 1560 years before present (BP), reflecting an increase in relative contribution of deep permafrost carbon due to the effect of changing hydrological conditions over the course of the summer on DOM source (AL vs. PL). Our study thus demonstrates that hydrological conditions impact the mobilization of permafrost carbon in an alpine fluvial network, the signature of which is quickly lost through in-stream metabolism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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