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BACKGROUND Cardiac arrest (CA) is recognized as a life-threatening disease; however, the initial resuscitation success rate has increased due to advances in clinical treatment. Levosimendan has shown potential benefits in CA patients. However, its exact function on intestinal and systemic circulation in CA or post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS) remained unclear. This study preliminarily investigated the link between dynamic changes in intestine and systemic hemodynamics post-resuscitation after levosimendan administration. METHODS Twenty-five rats were randomized into three groups: sham control group (n = 5), levosimendan group (n = 10), and vehicle group (n = 10). Intestinal microcirculation was observed using a sidestream dark-field imaging device at baseline and each hour of the return of spontaneous circulation (≤6 h). Systemic hemodynamics, serum indicators of cardiac injury, and tissue perfusion/metabolism were measured by echo-cardiography, a biological signal acquisition system, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. RESULTS Myocardial injury and global and intestinal perfusion/metabolism were significantly improved by levosimendan treatment. There was no statistically significant difference in the mean arterial pressure values between the vehicle and levosimendan groups (P > 0.05). The intestinal and systemic circulation measurements showed poor correlation (Pearson r-value of variable combinations in the levosimendan group was much less than 0.75; P

BACKGROUND Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a topic of great scientific and clinical interest that has received much attention in the past decade. Our study aimed to predict the trends in CPR research activities and evaluate hot topics via bibliometric means, quantitatively and qualitatively. MATERIAL AND METHODS All data were collected from a search of the Web of Science Core Collection on May 12, 2020. Retrieved information was investigated with bibliometric analysis by CiteSpace and VOSviewer software and the Online Analysis Platform of Literature Metrology to analyze and predict the trends and hotspots in this field. RESULTS Our search returned a total of 9563 articles and reviews on CPR published from 2010 through 2019. The number of original research studies on CPR has been increasing annually. The journal Resuscitation published the greatest number of manuscripts involved CPR, and the leading country and institution with regard to contributions on CPR were the United States and the University of Pennsylvania. Keyword co-occurrence/co-citation-cluster analysis showed that the most popular terms associated with CPR occurred in the manner of cluster labels, such as therapeutic hypothermia and treatment recommendation, among others. In addition, palliative care, sepsis, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and brain injury were identified as new foci through burst detection analysis. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that the scientific research focus on CPR is switching from traditional therapeutic treatments to a public health practice, with in-depth understanding and development of CPR-related techniques expanding over the past decade. These results demonstrate trends in the CPR research and detected the possible neo-foci for ensuing research.

Large undergraduate CS courses receive thousands of code submissions per term. To help make sense of the large quantities of submissions, projects have emerged to dynamically cluster student submissions by approach for writing scalable feedback, tailoring hints, and conducting research. However, relatively little attention has been paid to the value of these tools for informing revision to core course materials and delivery methods. In this work, we applied one such technology-Sense, the eponymous product of its company-to an online CS1 class delivered simultaneously for credit to on-campus students and for free to MOOC students. Using Sense, we clustered student submissions to around 70 problems used throughout the course. In this work, we discuss the value of such clustering, the surprising trends we discovered through this process, and the changes made or planned to the course based on the results. We also discuss broader ideas on injecting clustering results into course design.

On August 1, 2019, China’s 2019 version of the Evaluation Standard for Green Building GB/T50378 (ESGB2019) was implemented formally. How to develop design strategies base on this standard in order to guide or control green building design is explored in this paper. Firstly, 62 indexes in ESGB2019 which are directly related to architectural design realm are extracted; then the extracted indexes are classified into six categories according to different aspects of building design;finally, possible ways to extract or establish design strategies relating to the two types of extracted indexes are discussed. The result are expected to provide assistants for architects in designing green buildings that would meet the requirements of ESGB2019.