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The assessment of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) is crucial for evaluating overall antioxidant potential, predicting the risk of chronic diseases, guiding dietary and nutritional interventions, and studying the effectiveness of antioxidants. However, achieving rapid TAC assessment with high sensitivity and stability remains a challenge. In this study, Ce/Fe-MOF with abundant oxygen vacancies was synthesized using microplasma for TAC determination. The microplasma synthesis method was rapid (30 min) and cost-effective. The presence of oxygen vacancies and the collaboration between iron and cerium in Ce/Fe-MOF not only enhanced the catalyst's efficiency but also conferred multiple enzyme-like properties: peroxidase-like, oxidase-like, and superoxide dismutase mimetic activities. Consequently, a simple colorimetric assay was established for TAC determination in vegetables and fruits, featuring a short analysis time of 15 min, a good linear range of 5–60 μM, a low detection limit of 1.3 μM and a good recovery of 91 %-107 %. This method holds promise for rapid TAC assessment in agricultural products.

This study proposed a framework of optimal design for flexible cable dome structures based on progressive collapse resistance. First, a quantitative evaluation method for nonlinear robustness based on robustness control theory to reflect the structural progressive collapse resistance was proposed. Second, an actual engineering structure was used as a case study to evaluate the effects of design parameters on structural robustness. Finally, a genetic algorithm was used as an optimisation algorithm to further optimise the element cross-section and the structural shape and obtain a combined optimisation rate. The results indicated that increasing the element cross-sectional area, decreasing the structural span, and increasing the rise-to-span ratio effectively improved the structural robustness. The structural robustness was also effectively improved through the optimal design of element cross-sections by increasing element cross-sections sensitive to structural robustness and decreasing those insensitive to structural robustness. In this study, the combined optimisation rate was 38.27%, which was not only greater than the individual optimisation rates of 11.2% for element cross-sectional area optimisation and 22.5% for structural shape optimisation but also the sum of these two rates.

Liquid crystalline network (LCN) actuators switch reversibly between two states. Here, the authors report an asymmetrically processed LCN actuator which allows desynchronized actuation between three states using light and thermal stimuli.

A high Mandard score may indicate the tumor is insensitive to chemotherapy. We analyzed tumor regression and lymph node response under different Mandard scores to assess the impact of Mandard score on prognosis. Methods. Mandard scores and ypN stage of postoperative pathological reports were recorded. The results were reviewed by a professional pathologist. The radiologist compared the tumor regression before and after chemotherapy by computed tomography (CT). The survival of all patients was obtained by telephone follow-up. Multivariate Cox regression was used to assess the relationship between overall risk of death and Mandard score, imaging evaluation, and ypN stage. Results. In the Mandard score (4-5) group, the median survival time for PR and ypN0 patients was 68.5 and 76.7 months. While in the Mandard score (1-2) group, the median survival time for PD and ypN3a patients was 15.6 and 14.5 months. Imaging evaluation of tumor regression (PR 68.5 months, SD 27.8 months, and PD 10.2 months) and lymph node remission (ypN0 76.7 months, ypN1 61.6 months, ypN2 18.0 months, ypN3a 18.7 months, and ypN3b 18.3 months) showed improved survival. Mandard score, imaging evaluation, and ypN stage are important prognostic factors affecting prognosis. Conclusion. A high Mandard score does not mean neoadjuvant chemotherapy is ineffective in gastric cancer. Patients with imaging evaluation of tumor regression and ypN stage reduction may benefit from neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

The slip mechanism on the surface of silicon wafers under laser irradiation was studied by numerical simulations and experiments. Firstly, the slip was explained by an analysis of the generalized stacking fault energy and the associated restoring forces. Activation of unexpected {110} slip planes was predicted to be a surface phenomenon. Experimentally, {110} slip planes were activated by changing doping concentrations of wafers and laser parameters respectively. Slip planes were {110} when slipping started within several atomic layers under the surface and turned into {111} with deeper slip. The scale effect was shown to be an intrinsic property of silicon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In pulsed laser drilling, melt ejection greatly influences the keyhole shape and its quality as well, but its mechanism has not been well understood. In this paper, numerical simulation and experimental investigations based on 304 stainless steel and aluminum targets are performed to study the effects of material parameters on melt ejection. The numerical method is employed to predict the temperatures, velocity fields in the solid, liquid, and vapour front, and melt pool dynamics of targets as well. The experimental methods include the shadow-graphic technique, weight method, and optical microscope imaging, which are applied to real-time observations of melt ejection phenomena, measurements of collected melt and changes of target mass, observations of surface morphology and the cross-section of the keyhole, respectively. Numerical and experimental results show that the metallic material with high thermal diffusivity like aluminum is prone to have a thick liquid zone and a large quantity of melt ejection. Additionally, to the best of our knowledge, the liquid zone is used to illustrate the relations between melt ejection and material thermal diffusivity for the first time. The research result in this paper is useful for manufacturing optimization and quality control in laser-material interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]