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11,871 results on '"Yu, W."'

1. Quantum Enhanced Josephson Junction Field-Effect Transistors for Logic Applications

Author

Pan, W., Muhowski, A. J., Martinez, W. M., Sovinec, C. L. H., Mendez, J. P., Mamaluy, D., Yu, W., Shi, X., Sapkota, K., Hawkins, S. D., and Klem, J. F.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

Josephson junction field-effect transistors (JJFETs) have recently re-emerged as promising candidates for superconducting computing. For JJFETs to perform Boolean logic operations, the so-called gain factor $\alpha_{R}$ must be larger than 1. In a conventional JJFET made with a classical channel material, due to a gradual dependence of superconducting critical current on the gate bias, $\alpha_{R}$ is much smaller than 1. In this Letter, we propose a new device structure of quantum enhanced JJFETs in a zero-energy-gap InAs/GaSb heterostructure. We demonstrate that, due to an excitonic insulator quantum phase transition in this zero-gap heterostructure, the superconducting critical current displays a sharp transition as a function of gate bias, and the deduced gain factor $\alpha_{R}$ ~ 0.06 is more than 50 times that (~ 0.001) reported in a classical JJFET. Further optimization may allow achieving a gain factor larger than 1 for logic applications.

Published
2024
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2. Quantum Clock Synchronization Network with Silicon-chip Dual-Pumped Entangled Photon Source

Author

Li, J. A., Han, H., Huang, X. P., Tang, B. Y., Guo, K., Huang, J. Q., Xiong, S. Y., Yu, W. R., Zhang, Z. J., Yang, J. B., Liu, B., Chen, H., and Lu, Z. K.

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

In this paper, we propose a quantum clock synchronization (QCS) network scheme with silicon-chip dual-pumped entangled photon source. This scheme couples two pump beams into the silicon-based waveguide, where degenerate and non-degenerate spontaneous four-wave mixing (SFWM) occurs, generating entanglement between one signal channel and three idler channels. The entangled photons are distributed to remote users through the wavelength division multiplexing strategy to construct an entanglement distribution network, and the round-trip QCS is adopted to realize a QCS network that can serve multiple users. A proof-of-principle QCS network experiment is implemented among the server and multiple users (Alice, Bob, and Charlie) for 11.1 hours, where Alice and Charlie are 10 km away from the server and Bob is 25 km away from the server. The lowest time deviations (TDEV) between the server and each user (Alice, Bob, and Charlie) are 1.57 ps, 0.82 ps and 2.57 ps at the average time of 8000 s, 8000 s and 800 s respectively. The results show that the QCS network scheme with dual-pumped SFWM photon source proposed by us achieves high accuracy, and the channel resources used by n users are reduced by about 30% compared with other round-trip QCS schemes.

Published
2024

3. Time reversal symmetry breaking and zero magnetic field Josephson diode effect in Dirac semimetal Cd3As2-mediated asymmetric SQUIDs

Author

Yu, W., Cuozzo, J. J., Sapkota, K., Rossi, E., Rademacher, D. X., Nenoff, T. M., and Pan, W.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Superconductivity, Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics, Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

A zero-magnetic-field Josephson diode effect (JDE) is observed in an asymmetric superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) mediated by Dirac semimetal Cd3As2. We argue that a phase coupling between the surface and bulk superconducting channels, a unique phenomenon recently identified in the observations of fractional Josephson effect and Leggett modes in Cd3As2, can break time reversal symmetry and therefore give rise to the zero-field JDE. Our results are anticipated to have important implications in superconducting electronic circuit applications.

Published
2024
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5. Ordered magnetic fields around the 3C 84 central black hole

Author

Paraschos, G. F., Kim, J. -Y., Wielgus, M., Röder, J., Krichbaum, T. P., Ros, E., Agudo, I., Myserlis, I., Moscibrodzka, M., Traianou, E., Zensus, J. A., Blackburn, L., Chan, C. -K., Issaoun, S., Janssen, M., Johnson, M. D., Fish, V. L., Akiyama, K., Alberdi, A., Alef, W., Algaba, J. C., Anantua, R., Asada, K., Azulay, R., Bach, U., Baczko, A. -K., Ball, D., Baloković, M., Barrett, J., Bauböck, M., Benson, B. A., Bintley, D., Blundell, R., Bouman, K. L., Bower, G. C., Boyce, H., Bremer, M., Brinkerink, C. D., Brissenden, R., Britzen, S., Broderick, A. E., Broguiere, D., Bronzwaer, T., Bustamante, S., Byun, D. -Y., Carlstrom, J. E., Ceccobello, C., Chael, A., Chang, D. O., Chatterjee, K., Chatterjee, S., Chen, M. T., Chen, Y., Cheng, X., Cho, I., Christian, P., Conroy, N. S., Conway, J. E., Cordes, J. M., Crawford, T. M., Crew, G. B., Cruz-Osorio, A., Cui, Y., Dahale, R., Davelaar, J., De Laurentis, M., Deane, R., Dempsey, J., Desvignes, G., Dexter, J., Dhruv, V., Doeleman, S. S., Dougal, S., Dzib, S. A., Eatough, R. P., Emami, R., Falcke, H., Farah, J., Fomalont, E., Ford, H. A., Foschi, M., Fraga-Encinas, R., Freeman, W. T., Friberg, P., Fromm, C. M., Fuentes, A., Galison, P., Gammie, C. F., García, R., Gentaz, O., Georgiev, B., Goddi, C., Gold, R., Gómez-Ruiz, A. I., Gómez, J. L., Gu, M., Gurwell, M., Hada, K., Haggard, D., Haworth, K., Hecht, M. H., Hesper, R., Heumann, D., Ho, L. C., Ho, P., Honma, M., Huang, C. L., Huang, L., Hughes, D. H., Ikeda, S., Impellizzeri, C. M. V., Inoue, M., James, D. J., Jannuzi, B. T., Jeter, B., Jaing, W., Jiménez-Rosales, A., Jorstad, S., Joshi, A. V., Jung, T., Karami, M., Karuppusamy, R., Kawashima, T., Keating, G. K., Kettenis, M., Kim, D. -J., Kim, J., Kino, M., Koay, J. Y., Kocherlakota, P., Kofuji, Y., Koch, P. M., Koyama, S., Kramer, C., Kramer, J. A., Kramer, M., Kuo, C. -Y., La Bella, N., Lauer, T. R., Lee, D., Lee, S. -S., Leung, P. K., Levis, A., Li, Z., Lico, R., Lindahl, G., Lindqvist, M., Lisakov, M., Liu, J., Liu, K., Liuzzo, E., Lo, W. -P., Lobanov, A. P., Loinard, L., Lonsdale, C. J., Lowitz, A. E., Lu, R. -S., MacDonald, N. R., Mao, J., Marchili, N., Markoff, S., Marrone, D. P., Marscher, A. P., Martí-Vidal, I., Matsushita, S., Matthews, L. D., Medeiros, L., Menten, K. M., Michalik, D., Mizuno, I., Mizuno, Y., Moran, J. M., Moriyama, K., Mulaudzi, W., Müller, C., Müller, H., Mus, A., Musoke, G., Nadolski, A., Nagai, H., Nagar, N. M., Nakamura, M., Narayanan, G., Natarajan, I., Nathanail, A., Fuentes, S. Navarro, Neilsen, J., Neri, R., Ni, C., Noutsos, A., Nowak, M. A., Oh, J., Okino, H., Olivares, H., Ortiz-León, G. N., Oyama, T., Özel, F., Palumbo, D. C. M., Park, J., Parsons, H., Patel, N., Pen, U. -L., Piétu, V., Plambeck, R., PopStefanija, A., Porth, O., Pötzl, F. M., Prather, B., Preciado-López, J. A., Psaltis, D., Pu, H. -Y., Ramakrishnan, V., Rao, R., Rawlings, M. G., Raymond, A. W., Rezzolla, L., Ricarte, A., Ripperda, B., Roelofs, F., Rogers, A., Romero-Cañizales, C., Roshanineshat, A., Rottmann, H., Roy, A. L., Ruiz, I., Ruszczyk, C., Rygl, K. L. J., Sánchez, S., Sánchez-Argüelles, D., Sánchez-Portal, M., Sasada, M., Satapathy, K., Savolainen, T., Schloerb, F. P., Schonfeld, J., Schuster, K., Shao, L., Shen, Z., Small, D., Sohn, B. W., SooHoo, J., Salas, L. D. Sosapanta, Souccar, K., Sun, H., Tazaki, F., Tetarenko, A. J., Tiede, P., Tilanus, R. P. J., Titus, M., Torne, P., Toscano, T., Trent, T., Trippe, S., Turk, M., van Bemmel, I., van Langevelde, H. J., van Rossum, D. R., Vos, J., Wagner, J., Ward-Thompson, D., Wardle, J., Washington, J. E., Weintroub, J., Wharton, R., Wiik, K., Witzel, G., Wondrak, M. F., Wong, G. N., Wu, Q., Yadlapalli, N., Yamaguchi, P., Yfantis, A., Yoon, D., Young, A., Young, K., Younsi, Z., Yu, W., Yuan, F., Yuan, Y. -F., Zhang, S., Zhao, G. Y., and Zhao, S. -S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

3C84 is a nearby radio source with a complex total intensity structure, showing linear polarisation and spectral patterns. A detailed investigation of the central engine region necessitates the use of VLBI above the hitherto available maximum frequency of 86GHz. Using ultrahigh resolution VLBI observations at the highest available frequency of 228GHz, we aim to directly detect compact structures and understand the physical conditions in the compact region of 3C84. We used EHT 228GHz observations and, given the limited (u,v)-coverage, applied geometric model fitting to the data. We also employed quasi-simultaneously observed, multi-frequency VLBI data for the source in order to carry out a comprehensive analysis of the core structure. We report the detection of a highly ordered, strong magnetic field around the central, SMBH of 3C84. The brightness temperature analysis suggests that the system is in equipartition. We determined a turnover frequency of $\nu_m=(113\pm4)$GHz, a corresponding synchrotron self-absorbed magnetic field of $B_{SSA}=(2.9\pm1.6)$G, and an equipartition magnetic field of $B_{eq}=(5.2\pm0.6)$G. Three components are resolved with the highest fractional polarisation detected for this object ($m_\textrm{net}=(17.0\pm3.9)$%). The positions of the components are compatible with those seen in low-frequency VLBI observations since 2017-2018. We report a steeply negative slope of the spectrum at 228GHz. We used these findings to test models of jet formation, propagation, and Faraday rotation in 3C84. The findings of our investigation into different flow geometries and black hole spins support an advection-dominated accretion flow in a magnetically arrested state around a rapidly rotating supermassive black hole as a model of the jet-launching system in the core of 3C84. However, systematic uncertainties due to the limited (u,v)-coverage, however, cannot be ignored., Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures, published in A&A

Published
2024
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7. Discrepancies in the Properties of a Coronal Mass Ejection on Scales of 0.03~au as Revealed by Simultaneous Measurements at Solar Orbiter and Wind: The 2021 November 3--5 Event

Author

Regnault, F., Al-Haddad, N., Lugaz, N., Farrugia, C. J., Yu, W., Zhuang, B., and Davies, E. E.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Physics - Space Physics
Abstract

Simultaneous in situ measurements of coronal mass ejections (CMEs), including both plasma and magnetic field, by two spacecraft in radial alignment have been extremely rare. Here, we report on one such CME measured by Solar Orbiter (SolO) and Wind on 2021 November 3--5, while the spacecraft were radially separated by a heliocentric distance of 0.13 au and angularly by only 2.2{\deg}. We focus on the magnetic cloud (MC) part of the CME. We find notable changes in the R and N magnetic field components and in the speed profiles inside the MC between SolO and Wind. We observe a greater speed at the spacecraft further away from the Sun without any clear compression signatures. Since spacecraft are close to each other and computing fast magnetosonic wave speed inside the MC we rule out temporal evolution as the reason on the observed differences suggesting that spatial variations over 2.2{\deg} of the MC structure are at the heart of the observed discrepancies. Moreover, using shock properties at SolO, we forecast an arrival time 2h30 too late for a shock that is just 5h31 away hours from Wind. Predicting the north-south component of the magnetic field at Wind from SolO measurements leads to a relative error of 55 %. These results show that even angular separations as low as 2.2{\deg} (or 0.03 au in arclength) between spacecraft can have a large impact on the observed CME properties, rising up the issue of the resolutions of current CME models and potentially affecting our forecasting capabilities.

Published
2023

8. A Phase-resolved View of the Low-frequency Quasiperiodic Oscillations from the Black Hole Binary MAXI J1820+070

Author

Shui, Qing C., Zhang, S., Zhang, Shuang N., Chen, Yu P., Kong, Ling D., Wang, Peng J., Peng, Jing Q., Ji, L., Santangelo, A., Yin, Hong X., Qu, Jin L., Tao, L., Ge, Ming Y., Huang, Y., Zhang, L., Liu, Hong H., Zhang, P., Yu, W., Chang, Z., Li, J., Ye, Wen T., Li, Pan P., Yu, Zhuo L., and Yan, Z.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Although low-frequency quasiperiodic oscillations (LFQPOs) are commonly detected in the X-ray light curves of accreting black hole X-ray binaries, their origin still remains elusive. In this study, we conduct phase-resolved spectroscopy in a broad energy band for LFQPOs in MAXI J1820+070 during its 2018 outburst, utilizing Insight-HXMT observations. By employing the Hilbert-Huang transform method, we extract the intrinsic quasiperiodic oscillation (QPO) variability, and obtain the corresponding instantaneous amplitude, phase, and frequency functions for each data point. With well-defined phases, we construct QPO waveforms and phase-resolved spectra. By comparing the phase-folded waveform with that obtained from the Fourier method, we find that phase folding on the phase of the QPO fundamental frequency leads to a slight reduction in the contribution of the harmonic component. This suggests that the phase difference between QPO harmonics exhibits time variability. Phase-resolved spectral analysis reveals strong concurrent modulations of the spectral index and flux across the bright hard state. The modulation of the spectral index could potentially be explained by both the corona and jet precession models, with the latter requiring efficient acceleration within the jet. Furthermore, significant modulations in the reflection fraction are detected exclusively during the later stages of the bright hard state. These findings provide support for the geometric origin of LFQPOs and offer valuable insights into the evolution of the accretion geometry during the outburst in MAXI J1820+070., Comment: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal

Published
2023
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9. Investigating the Magnetic Structure of Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections using Simultaneous Multi-Spacecraft In situ Measurements

Author

Regnault, F., Al-Haddad, N., Lugaz, N., Farrugia, C. J., Yu, W., Davies, E. E., Galvin, A. B., and Zhuang, B.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Physics - Space Physics
Abstract

In situ measurements from spacecraft typically provide a time series at a single location through coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and they have been one of the main methods to investigate CMEs. CME properties derived from these in situ measurements are affected by temporal changes that occur as the CME passes over the spacecraft, such as radial expansion and ageing, as well as spatial variations within a CME. This study uses multi-spacecraft measurements of the same CME at close separations to investigate both the spatial variability (how different a CME profile is when probed by two spacecraft close to each other) and the so-called ageing effect (the effect of the time evolution on in situ properties). We compile a database of 19 events from the past four decades measured by two spacecraft with a radial separation <0.2 au and an angular separation <10{\deg}. We find that the average magnetic field strength measured by the two spacecraft differs by 18% of the typical average value, which highlights non-negligible spatial or temporal variations. For one particular event, measurements taken by the two spacecraft allow us to quantify and significantly reduce the ageing effect to estimate the asymmetry of the magnetic field strength profile. This study reveals that single-spacecraft time series near 1 au can be strongly affected by ageing and that correcting for self-similar expansion does not capture the whole ageing effect., Comment: Accepted for publication at ApJ. 18 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables

Published
2023

10. Bio-Inspired Nanodelivery Platform: Platelet Membrane-Cloaked Genistein Nanosystem for Targeted Lung Cancer Therapy

Author

Gao R, Lin P, Yang W, Fang Z, Gao C, Cheng B, Fang J, and Yu W

Subjects
bionic technology, platelet membrane, genistein, liposomes, lung cancer, targeted therapy, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Rui Gao,1,&ast; Peihong Lin,1,&ast; Wenjing Yang,1,&ast; Zhengyu Fang,1 Chunxiao Gao,1 Bin Cheng,2 Jie Fang,3 Wenying Yu1 1School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical University, Ningbo, 315500, People’s Republic of China; 3Zhejiang Provincial Laboratory of Experimental Animal’s & Nonclinical Laboratory Studies, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Bin Cheng; Wenying Yu, Email 44418972@qq.com; zjyuwenying@163.comBackground: Genistein (Gen), a natural polyphenolic compound, has emerged as a promising candidate for lung cancer treatment. However, the potential clinical application of Gen is limited due to its poor solubility, low bioavailability, and toxic side effects. To address these challenges, a biomimetic delivery platform with cell membranes derived from natural cells as carrier material was constructed. This innovative approach aims to facilitate targeted drug delivery and solve the problem of biocompatibility of synthetic materials.Methods: First, the liposomes (LPs) loaded with Gen (LPs@Gen) was prepared using the ethanol injection method. Subsequently, PLTM-LPs@Gen was obtained through co-extrusion after mixing platelet membrane (PLTM) and LPs@Gen. Additionally, the biological and physicochemical properties of PLTM-LPs@Gen were investigated. Finally, the targeting ability, therapeutic efficacy, and safety of PLTM-LPs@Gen for lung cancer were evaluated using both a cell model and a tumor-bearing nude mouse model.Results: The optimal preparation ratio for LPs@Gen was Gen: soybean lecithin: cholesterol: DSPE-PEG2000 (3:30:5:10, mass ratio), while the ideal fusion ratio of LPs@Gen and PLTM was 1:1. The particle size of PLTM-LPs@Gen was 108.33 ± 1.06 nm, and the encapsulation efficiency and drug loading were 94.29% and 3.09% respectively. Gen was released continuously and slowly from PLTM-LPs@Gen. Moreover, PLTM-LPs@Gen exhibited good stability within one week. The results of in vitro cellular uptake and in vivo distribution experiments indicated that the carrier material, PLTM-LPs, has the immune escape ability and tumor targeting ability. Consequently, it showed better therapeutic effects than free drugs and traditional LPs in vitro and in vivo tumor models. In addition, safety experiments demonstrated that PLTM-LPs@Gen possesses good biocompatibility.Conclusion: Biomimetic nanomedicine provides a new strategy for the precision treatment of lung cancer in clinical practice.Keywords: bionic technology, platelet membrane, genistein, liposomes, lung cancer, targeted therapy

Published
2024

11. Circular RNA circEZH2 Promotes Lung Adenocarcinoma Progression by Regulating microRNA-495-3p/Tumor Protein D52 Axis and Activating Nuclear Factor-Kappa B Pathway

Author

Chen L, Xiang T, Xing J, Lu X, Wei S, Wang H, Li J, and Yu W

Subjects
lung adenocarcinoma, circular rna, nuclear factor kappa b, tumor protein d52, mir-495-3p., Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Liping Chen,1 Tongwei Xiang,2 Jing Xing,2 Xinan Lu,2 Shan Wei,2 Huaying Wang,2 Jipeng Li,1 Wanjun Yu2 1Department of Central Laboratory, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated People’s Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Liping Chen; Wanjun Yu, Email Chenliliy@outlook.com; nbyuwanjun@163.comBackground: It has been increasingly recognized that circular RNAs (circRNAs) act as a pivotal factor in the onset and progression of human malignancies. Yet, the specific activities and mechanistic roles of these RNAs in the context of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) are not fully understood.Methods: Microarray analysis identified a novel LUAD-associated circular RNA, termed hsa_circ_0006357 (also referred to as circEZH2). Reverse transcription–quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was utilized for the analysis of circEZH2 expression in tissues and cell lines. The characteristics of circEZH2 were verified by RNase R treatment and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assays. The functions of circEZH2 were detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), colony formation, wound healing, and Transwell assays. The molecular mechanism of circEZH2 was clarified through bioinformatics analysis as well as RNA pulldown, dual-luciferase reporter, RT-qPCR, and immunoblotting assays. The role of circEZH2 in vivo was investigated using a xenograft model.Results: This investigation revealed that circEZH2 expression was elevated in LUAD cell lines and tumor samples. This elevation was associated with enhanced cell proliferation, migratory capacity, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), and invasion in vitro. Conversely, silencing of circEZH2 in vivo resulted in a notable decrease in LUAD tumorigenesis, whereas its overexpression led to the opposite effects. Mechanistically, circEZH2 appeared to act as a sponge for miR-495-3p, facilitating the upregulation of tumor protein D52 (TPD52) and triggering the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway, thus contributing to the progression of LUAD.Conclusion: These findings indicate that circEZH2 may function as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA), driving the progression of LUAD by manipulating the miR-495-3p/TPD52 axis and activating the NF-κB pathway.Keywords: lung adenocarcinoma, circular RNA, nuclear factor kappa B, tumor protein D52, miR-495-3p

Published
2024

12. Target Attainment and Population Pharmacokinetics of Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir in Critically Ill Adult Patients

Author

Chen N, Yu X, Li L, Yang P, Dong R, Huang Y, Ling X, Shentu Q, Yu W, and Jiang S

Subjects
nirmatrelvir, ritonavir, pharmacokinetics, critically ill, creatinine clearance, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Na Chen,1,2 Xuben Yu,3 Lu Li,1 Ping Yang,1 Rong Dong,1,4 Yizhen Huang,1,5 Xiao Ling,1,6 Qiaoqiao Shentu,1,7 Wenqiao Yu,8 Saiping Jiang1 1Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Drug Evaluation and Clinical Research, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Pharmacy, The People’s Hospital of Yuhuan, Taizhou, People’s Republic of China; 7Department of Pharmacy, Dongyang Red Cross Hospital, Jinhua, People’s Republic of China; 8Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Saiping Jiang; Wenqiao Yu, Email j5145@zju.edu.cn; yuwenqiao1980@zju.edu.cnBackground: The population pharmacokinetics of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (NIR/RIT) has not yet been described for critically ill adult patient.Purpose: This was a prospective observational population pharmacokinetic study of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (NIR/RIT) in critically ill adult patients and identify optimal dosing regimens.Patients and Methods: The prescription of NIR/RIT is determined by the attending physician and ranges from 150mg/100mg to 300mg/100mg twice a day. Two to three serial blood samples were collected for each patient after the second doses. We developed and validated PK model for plasma NIR and plasma RIT. Monte Carlo dosing simulations were performed to assess target attainment.Results: We analyzed 89 plasma samples from 31 adult patients. The data were best described by a one-compartment model. Among the covariates tested on pharmacokinetic parameters, creatinine clearance (CrCL) and area under curve (AUC) of RIT had a significant effect on apparent clearance (CL/F) of NIR. Mean (SD) parameters estimates for the absorption rate constant (Ka), apparent distribution (V/F) and CL/F were 0.42 (0.10) h− 1. 36.5 (8.5) L, 3.6 (0.26) L/h, respectively. Dosing simulations showed that the target in vitro 90% effective concentration (EC90) was more likely to be achieved twice a day than once a day at the same daily dose of NIR. High CrCL, low AUC of RIT were associated with a reduced likelihood of NIR reaching the target EC90.Conclusion: Based on our dosing simulations, the initial dosage of NIR/RIT was 300mg/100mg twice a day in critically ill patients with CrCL> 45 mL/min; When CrCL in critically ill patients is between 15 and 45 mL/min, NIR/RIT is 150mg/100mg twice a day. The maintenance dose is adjusted according to CrCL and AUC of RIT, with the dosages varying between 75mg/100mg and 300mg/100mg.Keywords: nirmatrelvir, ritonavir, pharmacokinetics, critically ill, creatinine clearance

Published
2024

14. A detailed view of low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillation in the broadband 0.2-200 keV with Insight-HXMT and NICER

Author

Ma, X., Zhang, L., Tao, L., Bu, Q. C., Qu, J. L., Zhang, S. N., Zhou, D. K., Huang, Y., Jia, S. M., Song, L. M., Zhang, S., Ge, M. Y., Liu, H. X., Yang, Z. X., Yu, W., and Yorgancioglu, E. S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We report the X-ray timing results of the black hole candidate MAXI J1820+070 during its 2018 outburst using the Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (Insight-HXMT) and Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer Mission (NICER) observations. Low frequency quasi-periodic oscillations (LFQPOs) are detected in the low/hard state and the hard intermediate state, which lasted for about 90 days. Thanks to the large effective area of Insight-HXMT at high energies and NICER at low energies, we are able to present the energy dependence of the LFQPO characteristics and phase lags from 0.2 keV to 200 keV, which has never been explored by previous missions. We find that the centroid frequency of the LFQPOs do not change significantly with energy, while the full width at half maximum (FWHM) and fractional rms show a complex evolution with energy. The LFQPO phase lags at high energies and low energies show consistent energy-dependence relations taking the ~2 keV as reference. Our results suggest that the LFQPOs from high energy come from the LT precession of the relativistic jet, while the low-energy radiation is mainly from the perpendicular innermost regions of the accretion disk.

Published
2023
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15. Herbal Medicine-Derived Exosome-Like Nanovesicles: A Rising Star in Cancer Therapy

Author

Chu K, Liu J, Zhang X, Wang M, Yu W, Chen Y, Xu L, Yang G, Zhang N, and Zhao T

Subjects
herbal medicine, plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles, extracellular vesicles, cancer treatment, nanomedicine, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Kaifei Chu,1,2,&ast; Jie Liu,2,&ast; Xu Zhang,1,2 Minran Wang,1 Wanping Yu,1 Yuyue Chen,1 Lingling Xu,2 Geng Yang,1 Naru Zhang,1 Tiejun Zhao1,2 1Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Tiejun Zhao; Naru Zhang, Key Laboratory of Novel Targets and Drug Study for Neural Repair of Zhejiang Province, School of Medicine, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310015, People’s Republic of China, Email tjzhao@hzcu.edu.cn; zhangnr@hzcu.edu.cnAbstract: Plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles (PDNVs) are small nanoscale vesicles containing lipids, RNAs, proteins and some plant natural products secreted by plant cells. Over the last decade, PDNVs have garnered significant interest due to its exceptional therapeutic benefits in the treatment of various diseases. Herbal medicine, as a medicinal plant, plays an important role in the treatment of diseases including cancer. Especially in recent years, the function of herbal medicine derived exosome-like nanovesicles (HMDNVs) in the treatment of cancer has been widely concerned, and has become a research hotspot of nanomedicine. In this review, the biological characteristics, functions and the therapeutic advantages of PDNVs are reviewed, as well as the recent achievements and research progress of HMDNVs in cancer treatment, demonstrating its enormous promise as a cancer therapy, and new insights are provided for future research and development of anti-tumor drugs.Keywords: herbal medicine, plant-derived exosome-like nanovesicles, extracellular vesicles, cancer treatment, nanomedicine

Published
2024

16. The First Infant Anaerobic Meningitis Infected by Prevotella bivia: A Case Report and Literature Review

Author

Sun Y, Li Z, Li Y, Zhang C, Wang M, Yu W, Liu G, and Wang S

Subjects
prevotella bivia, anaerobic meningitis, infant., Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Yanmeng Sun,1,2,&ast; Zheng Li,1,2,&ast; Yanfang Li,3 Chunyan Zhang,1,2 Mengyuan Wang,1,2 Wenwen Yu,1,2 Guohua Liu,2,3 Shifu Wang1,2 1Department of Microbiology Laboratory, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Microbiology Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Children’s Health and Disease, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Neonatology, Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Shifu Wang, Email wshfu709@163.comAbstract: Anaerobic bacterial meningitis is a serious infection of the central nervous system (CNS) that leads to severe neurological complications, resulting in high levels of disability and mortality worldwide. However, accurately diagnosing and isolating the responsible pathogens remains challenging due to the difficulty in culturing anaerobic bacteria, as they require harsh anaerobic culture conditions. Anaerobic bacteria have rarely been reported in meningitis, especially in children. This report details the first infant with anaerobic meningitis caused by Prevotella bivia. Additionally, we present a case of infant anaerobic meningitis caused by P. bivia, detected using metagenomics next-generation sequencing (mNGS). Our clinical experience highlights the importance of early identification of Prevotella spp. through mNGS and anaerobic culture, the effectiveness of antimicrobial medications, and the timely implementation of carefully planned precision therapeutic regimens. Furthermore, we have conducted a comprehensive review of 10 cases of Prevotella spp. infection, summarized their clinical and laboratory examination characteristics, and identified their commonalities.Keywords: Prevotella bivia, anaerobic meningitis, infant

Published
2024

17. Analysis of Grip Strength and Its Explanatory Factors in Older Patients with Gastrointestinal Tumours

Author

Yu W, Qiu J, Jiang X, Xie H, Cai Z, and Yang B

Subjects
gastrointestinal tumour, grip strength, analysis of explanatory factors, nursing, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Weifei Yu,1,&ast; Jingxia Qiu,2,&ast; Ximing Jiang,2 Haofen Xie,2 Zejun Cai,2 Bin Yang2 1Ningbo Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningbo, 315000, People’s Republic of China; 2The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University(Yuehu Courtyard), Ningbo, 315000, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Haofen Xie, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University(Yuehu Courtyard), No. 59 of Liuting Street, Haishu District, Ningbo, 315010, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13867889859, Email xihfff2022@126.comAim: To investigate the grip strength of older patients with gastrointestinal tumours and analyse its explanatory factors.Methods: A total of 170 older patients with gastrointestinal tumours admitted to the Gastrointestinal Surgery Department of a Grade-III hospital in the Zhejiang province from January 2022 to December 2022 were selected as the investigation participants. Among them, there were 102 cases of gastric cancer (60.0%) and 68 cases of colon cancer (40.0%). There were 110 male patients (64.7%) and 60 female patients (35.3%), with patient ages ranging between 64 and 82 years old. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a general data questionnaire, grip apparatus and the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002) score. Multiple linear regression was used to analyse the explanatory factors on the grip strength of older patients with gastrointestinal tumours.Results: The grip strength of older patients with gastrointestinal tumours was 25.3± 5.3 kg. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender, age, disease, body mass index (BMI), albumin concentration and the NRS-2002 score were the main explanatory factors on grip strength (P< 0.05).Conclusion: Grip strength was lower in older patients with gastrointestinal tumours and was lower in females, those aged ≥ 70 years, patients with colorectal cancer, individuals with a BMI of < 18.5, those with an albumin concentration of < 35g/l and those with an NRS2002 score of ≥ 3. Clinical staff should dynamically evaluate the level of grip strength in patients with gastrointestinal tumors and develop individualized interventions based on the related explanatory factors.Keywords: gastrointestinal tumour, grip strength, analysis of explanatory factors, nursing

Published
2024

18. Identification and Validation of Glycosylation-Related Genes in Obesity and MASH: Insights from Human Liver Samples and a High-Fat Diet Mouse Model

Author

Yu W, Chen J, Jin S, Fan X, and Cai X

Subjects
obesity, mash, glycosylation, machine learning, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Weihua Yu,&ast; Jionghuang Chen,&ast; Shengxi Jin, Xiaoxiao Fan, Xiujun Cai Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xiujun Cai, Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310000, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-571-86006617, Email srrsh_cxj@zju.edu.cnBackground: Obesity is reaching epidemic proportions in the developed world. The biosynthesis and degradation of human glycoproteins take place at the highest level in the liver. However, the association between glycosylation and the factors affecting obesity and metabolism-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is still unclear.Materials and Methods: Gene expression data of liver samples from obese patients were retrieved from GSE83452 and GSE89632 databases. Difference analysis and machine learning were used to identify hub genes involved in glycosylation and associated with the response of weight loss treatment. A total of 7 glycosylation-related hub genes were identified and then subjected to correlation analysis, immune cells infiltration analysis and ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristic) analysis. We also evaluated the potential function of 7 hub genes in obesity patients. MASH mice were used to validate the glycosylation-related hub genes.Results: A total of 25 overlapped glycosylation-related genes were identified by DEGs analysis. ACER2, STX17, ARF5, GPC4, ENTPD5, NANP, and DPY19L2 were identified as hub genes. Among these hub genes, ACER2, STX17, ARF5, and ENTPD5 were also differential expressed in MASH patients. ENTPD5 showed increased transcription in obese MASH mice.Conclusion: The current study identified seven glycosylation-related genes, ACER2, STX17, ARF5, GPC4, ENTPD5, NANP, and DPY19L2, that might play key roles in the development of obesity. ENTPD5 might play a key role in the development of MASH. These findings provide fresh perspectives for expanding the investigation of obesity and MASH.Keywords: obesity, MASH, glycosylation, machine learning

Published
2024

19. A multi-cubic-kilometre neutrino telescope in the western Pacific Ocean

Author

Ye, Z. P., Hu, F., Tian, W., Chang, Q. C., Chang, Y. L., Cheng, Z. S., Gao, J., Ge, T., Gong, G. H., Guo, J., Guo, X. X., He, X. G., Huang, J. T., Jiang, K., Jiang, P. K., Jing, Y. P., Li, H. L., Li, J. L., Li, L., Li, W. L., Li, Z., Liao, N. Y., Lin, Q., Lin, J., Liu, F., Liu, J. L., Liu, X. H., Miao, P., Mo, C., Morton-Blake, I., Peng, T., Sun, Z. Y., Tang, J. N., Tang, Z. B., Tao, C. H., Tian, X. L., Wang, M. X., Wang, Y., Wang, Y., Wei, H. D., Wei, Z. Y., Wu, W. H., Xian, S. S., Xiang, D., Xu, D. L., Xue, Q., Yang, J. H., Yang, J. M., Yu, W. B., Zeng, C., Zhang, F. Y. D., Zhang, T., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y. Y., Zhi, W., Zhong, Y. S., Zhou, M., Zhu, X. H., and Zhuang, G. J.

Published
2023
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20. The Important Role of Preoperative D-Dimer in Constrictive Pericarditis

Author

Fang L, Zhong F, Yu W, Zhu P, and Yu G

Subjects
constrictive pericarditis, d-dimer, postoperative complications, outcomes, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Likui Fang, Fangming Zhong, Wenfeng Yu, Pengfei Zhu, Guocan Yu Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, 310003, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Likui Fang, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, 310003, People’s Republic of China, Email 21618100@zju.edu.cnBackground: The impact of coagulation indicators on postoperative outcomes of patients with constrictive pericarditis undergoing pericardiectomy has been poorly investigated. This study aimed to assess the prognostic role of preoperative coagulation indicators in these patients.Methods: We retrospectively included 158 patients with constrictive pericarditis undergoing pericardiectomy. The diagnostic values of coagulation indicators for postoperative complications were evaluated by ROC curves. Patients were divided into two groups according to the cutoff value calculated by ROC curve. Postoperative outcomes were compared between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors of postoperative complications.Results: ROC curve showed that among different coagulation indicators, preoperative D-dimer (DD) level could effectively identify patients with postoperative complications (AUC 0.771, 95% CI 0.696– 0.847, P < 0.001). Patients were divided into the low DD group and the high DD group. The comparison of postoperative outcomes suggested that high preoperative DD level was significantly associated with longer durations of vasoactive agents using (P = 0.018), intubation (P = 0.020), ICU stay (P = 0.008), chest drainage (P=0.004) and hospital stay (P = 0.002). Multivariable analysis showed that high preoperative DD level was the independent risk factor of postoperative complications (OR 6.892, 95% CI 2.604– 18.235, P < 0.001).Conclusion: High preoperative DD level was significantly linked to poor postoperative outcomes and could provide an effective prediction ability for postoperative complications in patients with constrictive pericarditis.Keywords: constrictive pericarditis, D-dimer, postoperative complications, outcomes

Published
2024

21. Transitions and Origin of the Type-B Quasi-Periodic Oscillation in the Black Hole X-ray Binary MAXI~ J1348--630

Author

Liu, H. X., Huang, Y., Bu, Q. C., Yu, W., Yang, Z. X., Zhang, L., Kong, L. D., Xiao, G. C., Qu, J. L., Zhang, S. N., Zhang, S., Song, L. M., Jia, S. M., Ma, X., Tao, L., Ge, M. Y., Liu, Q. Z., Yan, J. Z., Ma, R. C., Ren, X. Q., Zhou, D. K., Li, T. M., Wu, B. Y., Xu, Y. C., Du, Y. F., Fu, Y. C., Xiao, Y. X., Ding, G. Q., and Yu, X. X.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

The fast transitions between different types of quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) are generally observed in black hole transient sources (BHTs). We present a detailed study on the timing and spectral properties of the transitions of type-B QPOs in MAXI~J1348--630, observed by \emph{Insight}-HXMT. The fractional rms variability--energy relationship and energy spectra reveal that type-B QPOs probably originate from jet precession. Compared to weak power-law dominated power spectrum, when type-B QPO is present, the corresponding energy spectrum shows an increase in Comptonization component and the need for {\tt\string xillverCp} component, and a slight increase of height of the corona when using {\tt\string relxilllp} model. Therefore, we suggest that a coupled inner disk-jet region is responsible for the observed type-B QPOs transitions. The time scale for the appearance/disappearance of type-B QPOs is either long or short (seconds), which may indicate an instability of disk-jet structure. For these phenomena, we give the hypothesis that the Bardeen-Petterson effect causes disk-jet structure to align with BH spin axis, or that the disappearance of small-scale jets bound by the magnetic flux tubes lead to the disappearance of type-B QPOs. We observed three events regarding the B/C transitions, one of which occurred in a short time from $\sim 9.2$ Hz (C) to $\sim 4.8$ Hz (B). The energy spectral analysis for the other two transitions shows that when type-C QPO is present, the Comptonization flux is higher, the spectrum is harder and the inner radius of disk changes insignificantly. We suggest that type-C QPOs probably originate from relatively stronger jets or corona., Comment: 26 pages, 9 figures

Published
2022
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22. A multi-cubic-kilometre neutrino telescope in the western Pacific Ocean

Author

Ye, Z. P., Hu, F., Tian, W., Chang, Q. C., Chang, Y. L., Cheng, Z. S., Gao, J., Ge, T., Gong, G. H., Guo, J., Guo, X. X., He, X. G., Huang, J. T., Jiang, K., Jiang, P. K., Jing, Y. P., Li, H. L., Li, J. L., Li, L., Li, W. L., Li, Z., Liao, N. Y., Lin, Q., Liu, F., Liu, J. L., Liu, X. H., Miao, P., Mo, C., Morton-Blake, I., Peng, T., Sun, Z. Y., Tang, J. N., Tang, Z. B., Tao, C. H., Tian, X. L., Wang, M. X., Wang, Y., Wei, H. D., Wei, Z. Y., Wu, W. H., Xian, S. S., Xiang, D., Xu, D. L., Xue, Q., Yang, J. H., Yang, J. M., Yu, W. B., Zeng, C., Zhang, F. Y. D., Zhang, T., Zhang, X. T., Zhang, Y. Y., Zhi, W., Zhong, Y. S., Zhou, M., Zhu, X. H., and Zhuang, G. J.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Next-generation neutrino telescopes with significantly improved sensitivity are required to pinpoint the sources of the diffuse astrophysical neutrino flux detected by IceCube and uncover the century-old puzzle of cosmic ray origins. A detector near the equator will provide a unique viewpoint of the neutrino sky, complementing IceCube and other neutrino telescopes in the Northern Hemisphere. Here we present results from an expedition to the north-eastern region of the South China Sea, in the western Pacific Ocean. A favorable neutrino telescope site was found on an abyssal plain at a depth of $\sim$ 3.5km. At depths below 3km, the sea current speed, water absorption and scattering lengths for Cherenkov light, were measured to be $v_{\mathrm{c}}<$10cm/s, $\lambda_{\mathrm{abs} }\simeq$ 27m and $\lambda_{\mathrm{sca} }\simeq$ 63m, respectively. Accounting for these measurements, we present the design and expected performance of a next-generation neutrino telescope, TRopIcal DEep-sea Neutrino Telescope (TRIDENT). With its advanced photon-detection technology and large dimensions, TRIDENT expects to observe the IceCube steady source candidate NGC 1068 with 5$\sigma$ significance within 1 year of operation. This level of sensitivity will open a new arena for diagnosing the origin of cosmic rays and probing fundamental physics over astronomical baselines., Comment: 34 pages,12 figures. Correspondence should be addressed to D. L. Xu: donglianxu@sjtu.edu.cn

Published
2022

23. Evidence of decoupling of surface and bulk states in Dirac semimetal $Cd_{3}As_{2}$

Author

Yu, W., Rademacher, D. X., Valdez, N. R., Rodriguez, M. A., Nenoff, T. M., and Pan, W.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

Dirac semimetals have attracted a great deal of current interest due to their potential applications in topological quantum computing, low-energy electronic applications, and single photon detection in the microwave frequency range. Herein are results from analyzing the low magnetic (B) field weak-antilocalization behaviors in a Dirac semimetal $Cd_{3}As_{2}$ thin flake device. At high temperatures, the phase coherence length $l_{\phi}$ first increases with decreasing temperature (T) and follows a power law dependence of $l_{\phi}\propto$ T$^{-0.4}$. Below ~ 3K, $l_{\phi}$ tends to saturate to a value of ~ 180 nm. Another fitting parameter $\alpha$, which is associated with independence transport channels, displays a logarithmic temperature dependence for T > 3K, but also tends to saturate below ~ 3K. The saturation value, ~ 1.45, is very close to 1.5, indicating three independent electron transport channels, which we interpret as due to decoupling of both the top and bottom surfaces as well as the bulk. This result, to our knowledge, provides first evidence that the surfaces and bulk states can become decoupled in electronic transport in Dirac semimetal $Cd_{3}As_{2}$., Comment: 19 pages, 4 figures

Published
2022
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24. Variational corner transfer matrix renormalization group method for classical statistical models

Author

Liu, X. F., Fu, Y. F., Yu, W. Q., Yu, J. F., and Xie, Z. Y.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

In the context of tensor network states, we for the first time reformulate the corner transfer matrix renormalization group (CTMRG) method into a variational bilevel optimization algorithm. The solution of the optimization problem corresponds to the fixed-point environment pursued in the conventional CTMRG method, from which the partition function of a classical statistical model, represented by an infinite tensor network, can be efficiently evaluated. The validity of this variational idea is demonstrated by the high-precision calculation of the residual entropy of the dimer model, and is further verified by investigating several typical phase transitions in classical spin models, where the obtained critical points and critical exponents all agree with the best known results in literature. Its extension to three-dimensional tensor networks or quantum lattice models is straightforward, as also discussed briefly., Comment: 7 pages, 7 figures

Published
2022
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25. Characteristics of Immunocytes and Cytokines in Patients with Bloodstream Infections Caused by Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in China

Author

Guo W, Lian X, Li H, Jiang L, Chen Y, Shen P, and Yu W

Subjects
klebsiella pneumoniae, immunocytes, il-2, il-4, il-17a, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Wenhui Guo,1,&ast; Xiang Lian,2,&ast; Hong Li,2 Lushun Jiang,1 Yingsha Chen,3 Ping Shen,1 Wei Yu1 1State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Infectious Diseases, The Affiliated Xiangshan Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University; Xiangshan First People’s Hospital Medical and Health Group; Ningbo Fourth Hospital, Ningbo, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Ping Shen; Wei Yu, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86 571 87236421, Email shenping123451@126.com; wyu@zju.edu.cnObjective: To evaluate the characteristics of immunocytes and cytokines associated with bloodstream infections (BSIs) caused by carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP).Methods: Patients with BSIs K. pneumoniae (BSIs-Kpn) were enrolled in our hospital between 2015 and 2022. Whole blood and serum samples were collected on the first day after diagnosis. Immunocytes and cytokines profiles were assessed using multicolor flow cytometry and multiplex immunoassays, respectively. The test cytokines included interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-17A.Results: A total of 313 patients had BSIs-Kpn, including 145 with CRKP, 43 with extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) producing Kpn (ESBL-Kpn) and 125 with non-CRKP or non-ESBL-Kpn (susceptible Kpn, S-Kpn). Absolute number of leukomonocyte (CD45+) in CRKP, ESBL-Kpn and S-Kpn were 280.0 (138.0– 523.0) cells/μL, 354.5 (150.3– 737.3) cells/μL, and 637.0 (245.0– 996.5) cells/μL, respectively. Compared with S-Kpn group, the absolute numbers of leukomonocyte (including T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes and natural killer cells) in patients with CRKP were significantly lower than that in patients with S-Kpn (P

Published
2024

26. Intervention on Mathematics Self-Efficacy: Solution-Focused Brief Therapy

Author

Yu W, Zhou S, and Zhou Y

Subjects
mathematics self-efficacy, solution-focused brief therapy intervention, radar chart, wright map, Psychology, BF1-990, Industrial psychology, HF5548.7-5548.85
Abstract

Wenhua Yu,1,&ast; Shuodi Zhou,1,&ast; Yu Zhou2 1School of Mathematics and Statistics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, 250014, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Mathematics, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, WC2A 2AE, UK&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Shuodi Zhou, School of Mathematics and Statistics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong, People’s Republic of China, Email shuodzhou123@163.comPurpose: Research has demonstrated a strong correlation between mathematics self-efficacy and math performance. Middle school children are increasingly receiving solution-focused brief therapy (SFBT), which is a type of psychotherapy. The study intends to use SFBT intervention to improve mathematics self-efficacy of students and to determine whether SFBT intervention was effective. To examine whether Rasch model can be used to evaluate students’ mathematics self-efficacy.Methods: This study intends to use Radar chart, Rasch model, Line chart to measure the variations of mathematics self-efficacy of three 8th graders (n=3) during SFBT intervention.Results: Radar chart and Rasch model demonstrated a general increment in the mathematics self-efficacy of two pupils, while another one decreased. Additionally, three students showed a decline in their mathematics self-efficacy on particular mathematical problems using a line chart.Conclusion: Overall, students with varied degrees of self-efficacy in math benefited from SFBT interventions, which partially supports the usefulness of SFBT as a tool for assessing students’ mathematics self-efficacy. It supported that Rasch model can reflected the changes in students’ mathematics self-efficacy. This study provides guidance for measuring the improvement of students’ academic self-efficacy through SFBT intervention using Rasch model.Keywords: mathematics self-efficacy, solution-focused brief therapy intervention, radar chart, wright map

Published
2024

27. Preparation, Characterization, and Anti-Lung Cancer Activity of Tetrandrine-Loaded Stealth Liposomes

Author

Fang Z, Lin P, Gao R, Yang W, Zhou A, and Yu W

Subjects
tetrandrine, s-lps, lung cancer, immune escape, in vivo imaging, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Zhengyu Fang,1,&ast; Peihong Lin,1,&ast; Rui Gao,1,&ast; Wenjing Yang,1 Aizhen Zhou,2 Wenying Yu1,3 1School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhejiang Pharmaceutical University, Ningbo, 315500, People’s Republic of China; 3Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310013, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Aizhen Zhou; Wenying Yu, Tel +86 571 88215623, Email zhouaz@zjpc.net.cn; zjyuwenying@163.comBackground: Tetrandrine (Tet), a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid, is a potential candidate for cancer chemotherapy. However, Tet has poor aqueous solubility and a short half-life, which limits its bioavailability and efficacy. Liposomes have been widely utilized to enhance the bioavailability and efficacy of drugs.Methods: In this study, Tet-loaded stealth liposomes (S-LPs@Tet) were prepared by ethanol injection method. Furthermore, physicochemical characterisation, biopharmaceutical behaviour, therapeutic efficacy, and biocompatibility of S-LPs@Tet were assessed.Results: The prepared S-LPs@Tet had an average particle size of 65.57 ± 1.60 nm, a surface charge of − 0.61 ± 0.10 mV, and an encapsulation efficiency of 87.20% ± 1.30%. The S-LPs@Tet released Tet in a sustained manner, and the results demonstrated that the formulation remained stable for one month. More importantly, S-LPs significantly enhanced the inhibitory ability of Tet on the proliferation and migration of lung cancer cells, and enabled Tet to escape phagocytosis by immune cells. Furthermore, in vivo studies confirmed the potential for long-circulation and potent tumor-suppressive effects of S-LPs@Tet. Moreover, ex vivo and in vivo safety experiments demonstrated that the carrier material S-LPs exhibited superior biocompatibility.Conclusion: Our research suggested that S-LPs@Tet has potential applications in lung cancer treatment.Keywords: tetrandrine, S-LPs, lung cancer, immune escape, in vivo imaging

Published
2024

28. Magnesium Ion-Doped Mesoporous Bioactive Glasses Loaded with Gallic Acid Against Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury by Affecting the Biological Functions of Multiple Cells

Author

Yu W, Ding J, Chen J, Jiang Y, Zhao J, Liu J, and Zhou J

Subjects
myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, mesoporous bioactive glass, gallic acid, magnesian ion, macrophage polarization, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Wenpeng Yu,1– 4,&ast; Jingli Ding,5,&ast; Jianfeng Chen,1– 3,&ast; Ying Jiang,4 Jinping Zhao,1– 3 Jichun Liu,4,6 Jianliang Zhou,1– 3 Jinping Liu1– 3 1Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, People’s Republic of China; 2Hubei Provincial Engineering Research Center of Minimally Invasive Cardiovascular Surgery, Wuhan, 430071, People’s Republic of China; 3Wuhan Clinical Research Center for Minimally Invasive Treatment of Structural Heart Disease, Wuhan, 430071, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, People’s Republic of China; 6Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Jianliang Zhou; Jinping Liu, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13767117511 ; +86 27-67812888, Email zjl20210802@whu.edu.cn; liujinping@znhospital.cnIntroduction: Excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) following myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) can result in additional death of myocardial cells. The rapid clearance of ROS after reperfusion injury and intervention during subsequent cardiac repair stages are crucial for the ultimate recovery of cardiac function.Methods: Magnesium-doped mesoporous bioactive glasses were prepared and loaded with the antioxidant drug gallic acid into MgNPs by sol-gel method. The antioxidant effects of MgNPs/GA were tested for their pro-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory effects based on the release characteristics of GA and Mg2+ from MgNPs/GA. Later, we confirmed in our in vivo tests through immunofluorescence staining of tissue sections at various time points that MgNPs/GA exhibited initial antioxidant effects and had both pro-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory effects during the cardiac repair phase. Finally, we evaluated the cardiac function in mice treated with MgNPs/GA.Results: We provide evidence that GA released by MgNPs/GA can effectively eliminate ROS in the early stage, decreasing myocardial cell apoptosis. During the subsequent cardiac repair phase, the gradual release of Mg2+ from MgNPs/GA stimulated angiogenesis and promoted M2 macrophage polarization, thereby reducing the release of inflammatory factors.Conclusion: MgNPs/GA acting on multiple cell types is an integrated solution for comprehensive attenuation of myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury and cardiac function protection.Keywords: myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, mesoporous bioactive glass, gallic acid, magnesium ion, macrophage polarization

Published
2024

29. Clinical Significance of Preoperative Pyrazinamide-Containing Therapy in Tuberculous Constrictive Pericarditis

Author

Fang L, Yu W, Yu G, Chen G, and Ye B

Subjects
tuberculous constrictive pericarditis, pericardiectomy, pyrazinamide, outcomes, Infectious and parasitic diseases, RC109-216
Abstract

Likui Fang, Wenfeng Yu, Guocan Yu, Gang Chen, Bo Ye Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, 310003, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Likui Fang, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital, Hangzhou, 310003, People’s Republic of China, Email 21618100@zju.edu.cnBackground: Tuberculous constrictive pericarditis (TCP) is recommended to be treated with anti-tuberculosis (TB) therapy before pericardiectomy. Whether different preoperative anti-TB regimens may lead to different outcomes is unclear.Methods: We retrospectively collected patients diagnosed as TCP and received pericardiectomy from April 2016 to June 2023. The study patients were assigned into the active TCP (A-TCP) group and the inactive TCP (IA-TCP) group according to the results of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) culture and MTB RNA assay. Baseline characteristics including anti-TB regimens and surgical outcomes were compared between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis and subgroup analysis were conducted to identify the protective factors of A-TCP.Results: Of the 102 study patients, 24 was in the A-TCP group and 78 was in the IA-TCP group. The rate of preoperative anti-TB regimen containing pyrazinamide was 37.5% in the A-TCP group, as compared with 74.4% in the IA-TCP group (P = 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that preoperative use of pyrazinamide was the protective factor of A-TCP (OR 0.194, 95% CI 0.053– 0.703, P = 0.013). Subgroup analysis based on age also showed consistent findings. In the analyses of surgical outcomes, A-TCP was the independent risk factor of postoperative cardiac complications (OR 4.231, 95% CI 1.317– 13.593, P = 0.015) and associated with longer hospital stay (P = 0.004) and higher hospitalization cost (P = 0.001).Conclusion: A strategy involving anti-TB regimen containing pyrazinamide before pericardiectomy was superior to that without pyrazinamide in the patients with TCP. The strategy was associated with lower risk of A-TCP and might lead to better postoperative recovery and cost-effectiveness.Keywords: tuberculous constrictive pericarditis, pericardiectomy, pyrazinamide, outcomes

Published
2024

30. Evolution of Accretion Modes between Spectral States Inferred from Spectral and Timing Analysis of Cygnus X-1 with Insight-HXMT observations

Author

Feng, M. Z., Kong, L. D., Wang, P. J., Zhang, S. N., Liu, H. X., Yang, Z. X., Huang, Y., Ji, L., Jia, S. M., Ma, X., Yu, W., Zhao, H. S., Nie, J. Y., Tuo, Y. L., Zhang, S., Qu, J. L., and Wu, B. B.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We execute a detailed spectral-timing study of Cygnus X-1 in the low/hard, intermediate and high/soft states with the Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope observations. The broad band energy spectra fit well with the "truncated disk model" with the inner boundary of the accretion disk stays within $\sim$10 \textit R$_{\rm g}$ and moves inward as the source softens. Through studying of PDS, rms and Fourier-frequency component resolved spectroscopy, we find that the X-ray variations are generated in two different regions for each state. We discover that the major role that contributes to the X-ray variation is the hot corona rather than the accretion disk. We suggest a scenario with different corona geometry for each state based on the truncated disk geometry in which the corona wraps up the disk to form a sandwich geometry in the low/hard state, and then gradually moves away from the disk in direction that is perpendicular to the disk until forming a jet-like geometry in the high/soft state., Comment: 13 pages, 12 figures, and 3 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ

Published
2022
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31. Diabetic Retinopathy and Cardiovascular Disease: A Literature Review

Author

Yu W, Yang B, Xu S, Gao Y, Huang Y, and Wang Z

Subjects
diabetic retinopathy；cardiovascular disease；pathophysiological mechanism；optical coherence tomography angiography ；biomarkers, Specialties of internal medicine, RC581-951
Abstract

Wenhua Yu,1 Bo Yang,1 Siting Xu,1 Yun Gao,2 Yan Huang,3 Zhongqun Wang1 1Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Zhongqun Wang; Yan Huang, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-15262919468, Email wangtsmc@126.com; wangzhongqun@ujs.edu.cn; 0511syj@163.comAbstract: Diabetic complications can be divided into macrovascular complications such as cardiovascular disease and cerebrovascular disease and microvascular complications such as diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy and diabetic neuropathy. Among them, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is an important cause of death in diabetic patients. Diabetes retinopathy (DR) is one of the main reasons for the increasing disability rate of diabetes. In recent years, some studies have found that because DR and CVD have a common pathophysiological basis, the occurrence of DR and CVD are inseparable, and to a certain extent, DR can predict the occurrence of CVD. With the development of technology, the fundus parameters of DR can be quantitatively analyzed as an independent risk factor of CVD. In addition, the cytokines related to DR can also be used for early screening of DR. Although many advances have been made in the treatment of CVD, its situation of prevention and treatment is still not optimistic. This review hopes to discuss the feasibility of DR in predicting CVD from the common pathophysiological mechanism of DR and CVD, the new progress of diagnostic techniques for DR, and the biomarkers for early screening of DR.Keywords: diabetic retinopathy, cardiovascular disease, pathophysiological mechanism, optical coherence tomography angiography, biomarkers

Published
2023

32. Regional Homogeneity of the Left Posterior Cingulate Gyrus May Be a Potential Imaging Biomarker of Manic Episodes in First-Episode, Drug-Naive Bipolar Disorder

Author

Wu J, Qi S, Yu W, Gao Y, and Ma J

Subjects
bipolar disorder, first-episode, drug-naïve, manic episode, left posterior cingulate gyrus, regional homogeneity, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429
Abstract

Jiajia Wu,1,2,&ast; Shuangyu Qi,1,2,&ast; Wei Yu,3,&ast; Yujun Gao,4 Jun Ma1,2,4 1Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China; 2Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Psychiatry, Xianning Bode Mental Hospital, Xianning, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Jun Ma, Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Mental Health Center, No. 89, Gongnongbing Road, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China, Email majun0313@wo.cn; Yujun Gao, Department of Psychiatry, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, No. 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuhan, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China, Email Gaoyujun19820214@163.comIntroduction: Abnormal brain networks with emotional response in bipolar disorder (BD). However, there have been few studies on the local consistency between manic episodes in drug-naive first-episode BD patients and healthy controls (HCs). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the utility of neural activity values analyzed by Regional Homogeneity (ReHo).Methods: Thirty-seven manic episodes in first-episode, drug-naive BD patients and 37 HCs participated in resting-state functional magnetic resonance rescanning and scale estimation. Reho and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve methods were used to analyze the imaging data. Support vector machine (SVM) method was used to analyze ReHo in different brain regions.Results: Compared to HCs, ReHo increased in the left middle temporal gyrus (MTG.L), posterior cingulate gyrus (PCG), inferior parietal gyrus, and bilateral angular gyrus, and decreased in the left dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus in target group. The ROC results showed that the ReHo value of the left PCG could discriminate the target group from the HCs, and the AUC was 0.8766. In addition, the results of the support vector machine show that the increase in ReHo value in the left PCG can effectively discriminate the patients from the controls, with accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of 86.02%, 86.49%, and 81.08%, respectively.Conclusion: The increased activity of the left PCG may contribute new evidence of participation in the pathophysiology of manic episodes in first-episode, drug-naive BD patients. The Reho value of the left posterior cingulate gyrus may be a potential neuroimaging biomarker to discriminate target group from HCs.Keywords: bipolar disorder, first-episode, drug-naïve, manic episode, left posterior cingulate gyrus, regional homogeneity

Published
2023

33. Biological Role and Related Natural Products of SIRT1 in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver

Author

Meng D, Zhang F, Yu W, Zhang X, Yin G, Liang P, Feng Y, Chen S, and Liu H

Subjects
nafld, sirt1, natural products, ffa, tg, Specialties of internal medicine, RC581-951
Abstract

Decheng Meng,1 Fengxia Zhang,2 Wenfei Yu,1 Xin Zhang,1 Guoliang Yin,1 Pengpeng Liang,3 Yanan Feng,1 Suwen Chen,1 Hongshuai Liu1 1The First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, People’s Republic of China; 3Shenzhen Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, 518001, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Fengxia Zhang, Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250011, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86-131-5317-5246, Email fxzhang0987@163.comAbstract: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is an umbrella term for a range of diseases ranging from hepatic fat accumulation and steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in the absence of excessive alcohol consumption and other definite liver damage factors. The incidence of NAFLD has increased significantly in recent years and will continue to grow in the coming decades. NAFLD has become a huge health problem and economic burden. SIRT1 is a member of Sirtuins, a group of highly conserved histone deacetylases regulated by NAD+, and plays a vital role in regulating cholesterol and lipid metabolism, improving oxidative stress, inflammation, and insulin resistance through deacetylating some downstream transcription factors and thus improving NAFLD. Although there are no currently approved drugs for treating NAFLD and some unresolved limitations in developing SIRT1 activators, SIRT1 holds promise as a proper therapeutic target for NAFLD and other metabolic diseases. In recent years, natural products have played an increasingly important role in drug development due to their safety and efficacy. It has been discovered that some natural products may be able to prevent and treat NAFLD by targeting SIRT1 and its related pathways. This paper reviews the mechanism of SIRT1 in the improvement of NALFD and the natural products that regulate NAFLD through SIRT1 and its associated pathways, and discusses the potential of SIRT1 as a therapeutic target for treating NAFLD and the effectiveness of these related natural products as clinical drugs or dietary supplements. These works may provide some new ideas and directions for finding new therapeutic targets for NAFLD and the development of anti-NAFLD drugs with good pharmacodynamic properties. Keywords: NAFLD, SIRT1, natural products, FFA, TG

Published
2023

34. MeerKAT radio detection of the Galactic black hole candidate Swift J1842.5-1124 during its 2020 outburst

Author

Zhang, X., Yu, W., Motta, S. E., Fender, R., Woudt, P., Miller-Jones, J. C. A., and Sivakoff, G. R.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Swift J1842.5$-$1124 is a transient Galactic black hole X-ray binary candidate, which underwent a new outburst in May 2020. We performed multi-epoch MeerKAT radio observations under the ThunderKAT Large Survey Programme, coordinated with quasi-simultaneous Swift/XRT X-ray observations during the outburst, which lasted nearly a month. We were able to make the first-ever radio detection of this black hole binary with the highest flux density of 229$\pm$31 $\mu$Jy when the source was in the hard state, after non-detection in the radio band in the soft state which occurred immediately after its emergence during the new X-ray outburst. Therefore, its radio and X-ray properties are consistent with the disk-jet coupling picture established in other black hole X-ray binaries. We place the source's quasi-simultaneous X-ray and radio measurements on the radio/X-ray luminosity correlation plane; two quasi-simultaneous radio/X-ray measurements separated by 11 days were obtained, which span $\sim$ 2 dex in the X-ray luminosity. If the source follows the black hole track in the radio/X-ray correlation plane during the outburst, it would lie at a distance beyond $\sim$ 5 kpc., Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

Published
2021
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35. Activation of Functional Somatic Stem Cells Promotes Endogenous Tissue Regeneration

Author

Li, W, Huang, X, Yu, W, Xu, Y, Huang, R, Park, J, Moshaverinia, A, Arora, P, and Chen, C

Subjects
Dental/Oral and Craniofacial Disease, Regenerative Medicine, Complementary and Integrative Health, Stem Cell Research, Stem Cell Research - Nonembryonic - Human, Stem Cell Research - Nonembryonic - Non-Human, Infectious Diseases, 1.1 Normal biological development and functioning, 5.2 Cellular and gene therapies, Underpinning research, Development of treatments and therapeutic interventions, Adult Stem Cells, Animals, Cell Differentiation, Cell Proliferation, Cells, Cultured, Osteogenesis, Periodontal Ligament, Resveratrol, periodontal ligament derived stem cells, regenerative medicine, resveratrol, immunomodulation, autotherapy, periodontitis, Dentistry
Abstract

Periodontal ligament derived stem cells (PDLSCs) are capable of differentiating into multiple cell types and inducing a promising immunomodulation for tissue regeneration and disease treatment. However, it is still challenging to develop a practical approach to activate endogenous stem cells for tissue self-healing and regeneration. In this study, transcriptome analysis reveals that resveratrol promotes PDLSC stemness through activation of stem cell, osteoprogenitor, and chondroprogenitor markers. Self-renewal and multipotent differentiation abilities are also improved in resveratrol-treated PDLSCs. In addition, immunomodulation of PDLSCs is dramatically increased after resveratrol treatment. Mechanistically, we show that resveratrol activates ERK/WNT crosstalk through elevation of olfactory and growth factor signaling pathways to upregulate the expression levels of RUNX2 and FASL for osteogenesis and immunomodulation, respectively. By using a periodontitis animal model, administration of resveratrol partially rescues bone loss through activation of endogenous somatic stem cells and inhibition of inflammatory T-cell infiltration. Taken together, our findings identify a novel pharmacological approach to achieve autotherapies for endogenous tissue regeneration.

Published
2022

36. A fast radio burst source at a complex magnetised site in a barred galaxy

Author

Xu, H., Niu, J. R., Chen, P., Lee, K. J., Zhu, W. W., Dong, S., Zhang, B., Jiang, J. C., Wang, B. J., Xu, J. W., Zhang, C. F., Fu, H., Filippenko, A. V., Peng, E. W., Zhou, D. J., Zhang, Y. K., Wang, P., Feng, Y., Li, Y., Brink, T. G., Li, D. Z., Lu, W., Yang, Y. P., Caballero, R. N., Cai, C., Chen, M. Z., Dai, Z. G., Djorgovski, S. G., Esamdin, A., Gan, H. Q., Guhathakurta, P., Han, J. L., Hao, L. F., Huang, Y. X., Jiang, P., Li, C. K., Li, D., Li, H., Li, X. Q., Li, Z. X., Liu, Z. Y., Luo, R., Men, Y. P., Niu, C. H., Peng, W. X., Qian, L., Song, L. M., Stern, D., Stockton, A., Sun, J. H., Wang, F. Y., Wang, M., Wang, N., Wang, W. Y., Wu, X. F., Xiao, S., Xiong, S. L., Xu, Y. H., Xu, R. X., Yang, J., Yang, X., Yao, R., Yi, Q. B., Yue, Y. L., Yu, D. J., Yu, W. F., Yuan, J. P., Zhang, B. B., Zhang, S. B., Zhang, S. N., Zhao, Y., Zheng, W. K., Zhu, Y., and Zou, J. H.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are highly dispersed millisecond-duration radio bursts. Recent observations of a Galactic FRB suggest that at least some FRBs originate from magnetars, but the origin of cosmological FRBs is still not settled. Here we report the detection of 1863 bursts in 82 hr over 54 days from the repeating source FRB~20201124A. These observations show irregular short-time variation of the Faraday rotation measure (RM), which probes the density-weighted line-of-sight magnetic field strength, of individual bursts during the first 36 days, followed by a constant RM. We detected circular polarisation in more than half of the burst sample, including one burst reaching a high fractional circular polarisation of 75%. Oscillations in fractional linear and circular polarisations as well as polarisation angle as a function of wavelength were detected. All of these features provide evidence for a complicated, dynamically evolving, magnetised immediate environment within about an astronomical unit (au; Earth-Sun distance) of the source. Our optical observations of its Milky-Way-sized, metal-rich host galaxy reveal a barred spiral, with the FRB source residing in a low stellar density, interarm region at an intermediate galactocentric distance. This environment is inconsistent with a young magnetar engine formed during an extreme explosion of a massive star that resulted in a long gamma-ray burst or superluminous supernova., Comment: 28 pages, 10 figures, updated to match the published version

Published
2021
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37. Investigating The Cross-section of Coronal Mass Ejections Through the Study of Non-Radial Flows with STEREO/PLASTIC

Author

Al-Haddad, N., Galvin, A. B., Lugaz, N., Farrugia, C. J., and Yu, W.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Physics - Space Physics
Abstract

The solar wind, when measured close to 1 au, is found to flow mostly radially outward. There are, however, periods when the flow makes angles up to 15$^\circ$ away from the radial direction, both in the east-west and north-south directions. Stream interaction regions (SIRs) are a common cause of east-west flow deflections. Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) may be associated with non-radial flows in at least two different ways: 1) the deflection of the solar wind in the sheath region, especially close to the magnetic ejecta front boundary, may result in large non-radial flows, 2) the expansion of the magnetic ejecta may include a non-radial component which should be easily measured when the ejecta is crossed away from its central axis. In this work, we first present general statistics of non-radial solar wind flows as measured by STEREO/PLASTIC throughout the first 13 years of the mission, focusing on solar cycle variation. We then focus on the larger deflection flow angles and determine that most of these are associated with SIRs near solar minimum and with CMEs near solar maximum. However, we find no clear evidence of strongly deflected flows, as would be expected if large deflections around the magnetic ejecta or ejecta with elliptical cross-sections with large eccentricities are common. We use these results to develop a better understanding of CME expansion and the nature of magnetic ejecta, and point to shortcomings in our understanding of CMEs., Comment: Accepted to ApJ

Published
2021
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38. A repeating fast radio burst associated with a persistent radio source

Author

Niu, C. -H., Aggarwal, K., Li, D., Zhang, X., Chatterjee, S., Tsai, C. -W., Yu, W., Law, C. J., Burke-Spolaor, S., Cordes, J. M., Zhang, Y. -K., Ocker, S., Yao, J. -M., Wang, P., Feng, Y., Niino, Y., Bochenek, C., Cruces, M., Connor, L., Jiang, J. -A., Dai, S., Luo, R., Li, G. -D., Miao, C. -C., Niu, J. -R., Anna-Thomas, R., Sydnor, J., Stern, D., Wang, W. -Y., Yuan, M., Yue, Y. -L., Zhou, D. -J., Yan, Z., Zhu, W. -W., and Zhang, B.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

The dispersive sweep of fast radio bursts (FRBs) has been used to probe the ionized baryon content of the intergalactic medium, which is assumed to dominate the total extragalactic dispersion. While the host galaxy contributions to dispersion measure (DM) appear to be small for most FRBs, in at least one case there is evidence for an extreme magneto-ionic local environment and a compact persistent radio source. Here we report the detection and localization of the repeating FRB 20190520B, which is co-located with a compact, persistent radio source and associated with a dwarf host galaxy of high specific star formation rate at a redshift $z=0.241\pm0.001$. The estimated host galaxy DM $\approx 903^{+72}_{-111}$ pc cm$^{-3}$, nearly an order of magnitude higher than the average of FRB host galaxies, far exceeds the DM contribution of the intergalactic medium. Caution is thus warranted in inferring redshifts for FRBs without accurate host galaxy identifications., Comment: Accepted, Version 3

Published
2021
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39. Non-stationary Gaussian process discriminant analysis with variable selection for high-dimensional functional data

Author

Yu, W, Wade, S, Bondell, H D, and Azizi, L

Subjects
Statistics - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Statistics - Computation
Abstract

High-dimensional classification and feature selection tasks are ubiquitous with the recent advancement in data acquisition technology. In several application areas such as biology, genomics and proteomics, the data are often functional in their nature and exhibit a degree of roughness and non-stationarity. These structures pose additional challenges to commonly used methods that rely mainly on a two-stage approach performing variable selection and classification separately. We propose in this work a novel Gaussian process discriminant analysis (GPDA) that combines these steps in a unified framework. Our model is a two-layer non-stationary Gaussian process coupled with an Ising prior to identify differentially-distributed locations. Scalable inference is achieved via developing a variational scheme that exploits advances in the use of sparse inverse covariance matrices. We demonstrate the performance of our methodology on simulated datasets and two proteomics datasets: breast cancer and SARS-CoV-2. Our approach distinguishes itself by offering explainability as well as uncertainty quantification in addition to low computational cost, which are crucial to increase trust and social acceptance of data-driven tools.

Published
2021

40. Non-Coding RNA in Microglia Activation and Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s Disease

Author

He C, Li Z, Yang M, Yu W, Luo R, Zhou J, He J, Chen Q, Song Z, and Cheng S

Subjects
alzheimer's disease, non-coding rna, neuroinflammation, microglia activation, mirna, circrna, lncrna, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Chunxiang He,1,2 Ze Li,1,2 Miao Yang,1,2 Wenjing Yu,1,2 Rongsiqing Luo,1,2 Jinyong Zhou,1,2 Jiawei He,1,2 Qi Chen,1,2 Zhenyan Song,1,2 Shaowu Cheng1,2 1School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of China; 2Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Zhenyan Song; Shaowu Cheng, Tel +86 073188458257, Email songzhenyan2013@hnucm.edu.cn; scheng@hnucm.edu.cnAbstract: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by complex pathophysiological features. Amyloid plaques resulting from extracellular amyloid deposition and neurofibrillary tangles formed by intracellular hyperphosphorylated tau accumulation serve as primary neuropathological criteria for AD diagnosis. The activation of microglia has been closely associated with these pathological manifestations. Non-coding RNA (ncRNA), a versatile molecule involved in various cellular functions such as genetic information storage and transport, as well as catalysis of biochemical reactions, plays a crucial role in microglial activation. This review aims to investigate the regulatory role of ncRNAs in protein expression by directly targeting genes, proteins, and interactions. Furthermore, it explores the ability of ncRNAs to modulate inflammatory pathways, influence the expression of inflammatory factors, and regulate microglia activation, all of which contribute to neuroinflammation and AD. However, there are still significant controversies surrounding microglial activation and polarization. The categorization into M1 and M2 phenotypes may oversimplify the intricate and multifaceted regulatory processes in microglial response to neuroinflammation. Limited research has been conducted on the role of ncRNAs in regulating microglial activation and inducing distinct polarization states in the context of neuroinflammation. Moreover, the regulatory mechanisms through which ncRNAs govern microglial function continue to be refined. The current understanding of ncRNA regulatory pathways involved in microglial activation remains incomplete and may be influenced by spatial, temporal, and tissue-specific factors. Therefore, further in-depth investigations are warranted. In conclusion, there are ongoing debates and uncertainties regarding the activation and polarization of microglial cells, particularly concerning the categorization into M1 and M2 phenotypes. The study of ncRNA regulation in microglial activation and polarization, as well as its mechanisms, is still in its early stages and requires further investigation. However, this review offers new insights and opportunities for therapeutic approaches in AD. The development of ncRNA-based drugs may hold promise as a new direction in AD treatment.Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, non-coding RNA, neuroinflammation, microglia activation, miRNA, circRNA, lncRNA

Published
2023

43. Measurement of Absolute Single and Double Electron Capture Cross Sections for O6+ Ions Collision with CO2, CH4, H2 and N2

Author

Han, J., Wei, L., Wang, B., Ren, B., Yu, W., Zhang, Y., Zou, Y., Chen, L., Xiao, J., and Wei, B.

Subjects
Physics - Atomic Physics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

The absolute electron capture cross sections for single and double charge exchanges between the highly charged ions O6+ and CO2, CH4, H2, N2, the dominant collision processes in the solar wind, have been measured in the energy from 7 keV*q (2.63 keV/u) to 52 keV*q (19.5 keV/u). These measurements were carried out in the new experimental instrument set up at Fudan University, and the error of cross sections for single and double charge exchanges at the 1{\sigma} confidence level are about 11% and 16%, respectively. Limited agreement is achieved with single electron capture results calculated by the classical over-barrier model. These cross sections data are useful for simulation ion-neutral processes in astrophysical environments and to improve the present theoretical model of fundamental atomic processes., Comment: 9 pages, 4 pages

Published
2021

46. Ulcerative Colitis Concomitant with Cytomegalovirus Infection, Bullous Sweet’s Syndrome, and Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Case Report and Literature Review

Author

Zhu F, Hu Z, Yu W, Dai F, Jing D, and Zhou G

Subjects
ulcerative colitis, cytomegalovirus, bullous sweet’s syndrome, acute myeloid leukemia, Pathology, RB1-214, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Fengqin Zhu,1,2 Zongjing Hu,1 Wei Yu,1 Fengxian Dai,1 Dehuai Jing,1 Guangxi Zhou1 1Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272000, People’s Republic of China; 2Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, 250355, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Guangxi Zhou, Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, 272000, People’s Republic of China, Email zgx_viola@126.comBackground: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic, relapsing progressive inflammatory immune disease. There is still no cure for it. Even worse, UC may predispose patients to opportunistic infections, and several extra-intestinal manifestations (EIMs) and comorbidities may antedate, occur with, or postdate the onset of UC, which may increase the mortality risk. But case reports of UC patients simultaneously concomitant with opportunistic infection, EIM, and comorbidity are extremely rare.Case Presentation: We report a case of 51-year-old male patient with incipient UC accompanied by cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection and bullous Sweet’s syndrome (bSS, a cutaneous EIM of UC) after treatment with oral mesalazine and prednisolone for 3 weeks. After clearance of the CMV infection by using ganciclovir, the patient was administered two cycles of infliximab to cure UC and bSS; however, he developed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) a month later and died after two cycles of chemotherapy.Conclusion: Based on this rare case of UC concomitant with CMV infection, bSS and AML, we recommend that it is important to distinguish between an acute UC flare and opportunistic infections, especially in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy, and monitor EIMs and comorbidities timely. Particular attention should be paid to cancer surveillance. Clinicians should be mindful of these facts to adopt optimal therapeutic options to address all aspects of UC. Early initiation of biological therapy may be of benefit to patients with newly diagnosed severe UC.Keywords: ulcerative colitis, cytomegalovirus, bullous Sweet’s syndrome, acute myeloid leukemia

Published
2023

47. Stabilization of antiferromagnetism in 1T-Fe$_{0.05}$TaS$_2$

Author

Niu, Q., Zhang, W., Chan, Y. T., O'Farrell, E. C. T., Doganov, R., Yip, K. Y., Lai, Kwing To, Yu, W. C., Ozyilmaz, B., Stewart, G. R., Kim, J. S., and Goh, Swee K.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons, Condensed Matter - Superconductivity
Abstract

1T-TaS$_2$ is a prototypical charge-density-wave (CDW) system with a Mott insulating ground state. Usually, a Mott insulator is accompanied by an antiferromagnetic state. However, the antiferromagnetic order had never been observed in 1T-TaS$_2$. Here, we report the stabilization of the antiferromagnetic order by the intercalation of a small amount of Fe into the van der Waals gap of 1T-TaS$_2$, i.e. forming 1T-Fe$_{0.05}$TaS$_2$. Upon cooling from 300~K, the electrical resistivity increases with a decreasing temperature before reaching a maximum value at around 15~K, which is close to the Neel temperature determined from our magnetic susceptibility measurement. The antiferromagnetic state can be fully suppressed when the sample thickness is reduced, indicating that the antiferromagnetic order in Fe$_{0.05}$TaS$_2$ has a non-negligible three-dimensional character. For the bulk Fe$_{0.05}$TaS$_2$, a comparison of our high pressure electrical transport data with that of 1T-TaS$_2$ indicates that, at ambient pressure, Fe$_{0.05}$TaS$_2$ is in the nearly commensurate charge-density-wave (NCCDW) phase near the border of the Mott insulating state. The temperature-pressure phase diagram thus reveals an interesting decoupling of the antiferromagnetism from the Mott insulating state., Comment: Q. Niu and W. Zhang contributed equally to this work. 7 pages, 5 figures

Published
2020
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48. No pulsed radio emission during a bursting phase of a Galactic magnetar

Author

Lin, L., Zhang, C. F., Wang, P., Gao, H., Guan, X., Han, J. L., Jiang, J. C., Jiang, P., Lee, K. J., Li, D., Men, Y. P., Miao, C. C., Niu, C. H., Niu, J. R., Sun, C., Wang, B. J., Wang, Z. L., Xu, H., Xu, J. L., Xu, J. W., Yang, Y. H., Yang, Y. P., Yu, W., Zhang, B., Zhang, B. -B., Zhou, D. J., Zhu, W. W., Castro-Tirado, A. J., Dai, Z. G., Ge, M. Y., Hu, Y. D., Li, C. K., Li, Y., Li, Z., Liang, E. W., Jia, S. M., Querel, R., Shao, L., Wang, F. Y., Wang, X. G., Wu, X. F., Xiong, S. L., Xu, R. X., Yang, Y. -S., Zhang, G. Q., Zhang, S. N., Zheng, T. C., and Zou, J. -H.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are mysterious millisecond-duration radio transients of unknown origin observed at extragalactic distances. It has been long speculated that magnetars are the engine powering repeating bursts from FRB sources, but no convincing evidence has been collected so far\cite{sun19}. Recently, the Galactic magnetar SGR J1935+2154 entered an active phase by emitting intense soft Gamma-ray bursts. One FRB-like event with two peaks (FRB 200428) and a luminosity slightly lower than the faintest extragalactic FRBs was detected from the source, in association with a soft Gamma-ray / hard X-ray flare. Here we report an eight-hour targeted radio observational campaign comprising four sessions and assisted by multi-wavelength (optical and hard X-rays) data. During the third session, 29 soft Gamma-ray repeater (SGR) bursts were detected in Gamma-ray energies. Throughout the observing period, we detected no single dispersed pulsed emission coincident with the arrivals of SGR bursts, but unfortunately we were not observing when the FRB was detected. The non-detection places a fluence upper limit that is eight orders of magnitude lower than the fluence of FRB 200428. Our results suggest that FRB -- SGR burst associations are rare. FRBs may be highly relativistic and geometrically beamed, or FRB-like events associated with SGR bursts may have narrow spectra and characteristic frequencies outside the observed band. It is also possible that the physical conditions required to achieve coherent radiation in SGR bursts are difficult to satisfy, and that only under extreme conditions could an FRB be associated with an SGR burst., Comment: 27 pages, 7 figures, Published in Nature 2020, Vol 587

Published
2020
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