Search

The purpose of this document is to present preliminary design procedures for bridge superstructures that are made partially or completely of precast concrete. This document deals with continuous and simply supported superstructures, used in integral or nonintegral bridges. The document is intended for engineers with limited experience who will find it an instructive detailed guide to carry out conceptual design of superstructures of these types. Additionally, it is intended for experienced engineers who are interested in learning how different countries solve similar conceptual design problems. Finally, it is intended to enrich the knowledge of precasters everywhere, to be able to enhance their own designs with ideas and methods from many different countries.

Ultrahigh-performance concrete (UHPC) offers significant potential to address a variety of needs in bridge design, construction, and performance enhancement. Bridge owners have shown willingness to embrace novel solutions that could address specific challenges related to the cost, speed of construction, durability, and service life of their projects. There are hundreds of bridges worldwide that, largely in the past decade, have utilized UHPC. These applications range from minor field-cast closures to precast segments for long-span bridges to kilometer-long bridge deck overlays on a signature structure. The objective of this paper is to promote the application of this class of cementitious material in bridge engineering by presenting the progress that has been made in different regions of the world in the past two decades. Today, UHPC is being widely used in Malaysia to design and construct many bridges of different types and spans as they build out their roadway network. In South Korea, the unique characteristics of UHPC are being utilized to advance the state-of-the-art in long-span bridges. The French were early adopters and pioneers in building a strong foundation for using UHPC in a variety of bridge applications. In Switzerland, UHPC is employed to address major bridge rehabilitation needs. The United States bridge sector has embraced UHPC for a variety of field-cast connections. Current research and development efforts are promoting the use of UHPC in major rehabilitation projects and construction of primary bridge components. The adoption of UHPC solutions into the bridge sector is progressing rapidly because of the unique opportunities provided by the strength and durability of the material. It is expected that additional innovations and refinements of solutions will occur as knowledge of the material proliferates. (C) 2020 American Society of Civil Engineers.

This paper presents the current state of practice in the development of ultrahigh-performance concrete (UHPC) bridge construction in Malaysia. Since 2006, Dura Technology (DT) has pioneered research in the optimal uses of UHPC in bridge construction through its Sustainable Bridge Construction Initiative. After several years of research and development work, DT has collaborated with the Malaysia Works Ministry to design and build bridges in some of their bridge projects, especially those bridges under the rural development program where sourcing of material, site access, and construction method are major challenges when using conventional methods. The most current information and details on the completed and ongoing UHPC bridge projects in Malaysia are presented. To date, a total of 26 segmental UHPC bridge projects have been constructed and opened for service. In this paper, a selected UHPC bridge case study is examined in terms of the design aspects, quality control, constructability, and of how ...

Deep beams are commonly used in tall buildings, offshore structures, and foundations. According to many codes and standards, strut-and-tie model (STM) is recommended as a rational approach for deep beam analyses. This research focuses on the STM recommended by ACI 318-11 and AASHTO LRFD and uses experimental results to modify the strut effectiveness factor in STM for reinforced concrete (RC) deep beams. This study aims to refine STM through the strut effectiveness factor and increase result accuracy. Six RC deep beams with different shear span to effective-depth ratios (a/d) of 0.75, 1.00, 1.25, 1.50, 1.75, and 2.00 were experimentally tested under a four-point bending set-up. The ultimate shear strength of deep beams obtained from non-linear finite element modeling and STM recommended by ACI 318-11 as well as AASHTO LRFD (2012) were compared with the experimental results. An empirical equation was proposed to modify the principal tensile strain value in the bottle-shaped strut of deep beams. The equation of the strut effectiveness factor from AASHTTO LRFD was then modified through the aforementioned empirical equation. An investigation on the failure mode and crack propagation in RC deep beams subjected to load was also conducted.