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Most low infrared emissivity coatings for anti‐infrared reconnaissance are merely suitable for targets warmer than their surroundings, and their flexibility and wearability are unsatisfactory for dynamic stealth applications. Herein, a spectral‐selective and adjustable patterned polydimethylsiloxane/MXene/nanoporous polytetrafluoroethylene metafabric with an asymmetric structure is designed, which achieves spectral selectivity of reflection/emission in mid‐infrared wavebands and synchronous reflection/absorption of solar light, integrating "shielded infrared stealth" and "compensatory thermal camouflage" in temperature‐change scenarios. By synergizing the low infrared emissivity of MXene and the effective heat‐transfer suppression of the patterned polydimethylsiloxane, the metafabric obtains an infrared emissivity of as low as ≈28% and minimizes the radiative temperature difference between a target of 36 °C and its low‐temperature surroundings even to 2.5 °C. Conversely, the metafabric adaptively unitizes its surface infrared signature with its high‐temperature background via the thermal energy compensation supplied by the solar‐thermal/electrothermal conversion of MXene and the powerful radiation emission of the outer polydimethylsiloxane. Besides, the metafabric creates a comfortable skin‐interface microclimate by the high solar‐light reflection of the nanoporous polytetrafluoroethylene and exhibits satisfactory electromagnetic interference shielding performances, mechanical flexibility, self‐cleaning, and antioxidation. This work provides a new strategy for designing multifunctional thermal camouflage materials for counter‐reconnaissance in changeable surroundings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore the suitable harvest period of winter sweet corn straw in western Guangdong, Jinyinsu NO. 2, which is widely planted in western Guangdong, was selected as the test material and planted in the experimental field of Guangdong Ocean University. Straw was harvested 5, 10 and 15 days after fresh ears were picked, and the nutrients, fermentation quality and rumen degradation rate were measured after 60 days of silage fermentation. The results showed that with the extension of the harvest period, the concentrations of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), soluble sugar (SS), starch, acid detergent insoluble protein (ADICP), soluble protein (SCP), rumen degrading protein (RDP), and the degradation rate of neutral detergent fiber (NDFD) and dry matter degradation rate (DMD) at 24 and 48 h were significantly increased (P<0.05). The contentrations of ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N), NH3-N/TN and acetic acid (AA) were the highest in the straw silage harvested on the 15th day (P<0.05). The study indicates that it is advisable to harvest straw 15 days after harvesting the ears for winter planting Jinyinsu NO.2 in western Guangdong. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Diphenyl ether (DPE) is investigated as a film‐forming additive to improve the cyclic stability of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 at high voltage and elevated temperature (55 °C). Addition of DPE in the baseline electrolyte significantly improves the capacity retention of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 at elevated temperature. Its capacity retention increases from 41.2 % at the baseline electrolyte to 90.5 % after 0.1 vol% DPE is added to the baseline electrolyte in 100 cycles. Calculations demonstrate that DPE is oxidized preferentially to the baseline electrolyte. The experimental results show that a robust and uniform film is generated on the LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 surface, alleviating the subsequent electrolyte decomposition and protecting LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 from transition metal dissolution and structural destruction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radioactive nuclides and highly toxic organophosphates are typical deadly threats. Materials with the function of radioactive substances adsorption and organophosphates degradation provide double protection. Herein, dual-functional polyamide (PA)/polyethyleneimine (PEI)@Zr-MOF fiber composite membranes, fabricated by in-situ solvothermal growth of Zr-MOF on PA/PEI electrospun fiber membranes, are designed for protection against two typical model compounds of iodine and dimethyl 4-nitrophenyl phosphate (DMNP). Benefiting from the unique core-sheath structure composed of inner nitrogen-rich fibers and outer porous Zr-MOF, the composite membranes rapidly enrich iodine through abundant active sites of the outer sheath and form complexes with the amine of inner PEI, exhibiting a highly competitive adsorption capacity of 609 mg g -1 . Moreover, it can adsorb and degrade DMNP with the synergy of PEI component and Zr-MOF, achieving an 80 % removal of DMNP within 7 min without any additional co-catalyst. This work provides a feasible strategy to fabricate dual-functional materials that protect against radioactive and organophosphorus contaminants., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Dongzhi Yang reports financial support was provided by Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission. Dongzhi Yang reports financial support was provided by National Natural Science Foundation of China. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.)

Chemotherapies are commonly used in cancer therapy, their applications are limited to low specificity, severe adverse reactions, and long-term medication-induced drug resistance. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors are a novel class of antitumor drugs developed to solve these intractable problems based on the mechanism of DNA damage repair, which have been widely applied in the treatment of ovarian cancer, breast cancer, and other cancers through inducing synthetic lethal effect and trapping PARP-DNA complex in BRCA gene mutated cancer cells. In recent years, PARP inhibitors have been widely used in combination with various first-line chemotherapy drugs, targeted drugs and immune checkpoint inhibitors to expand the scope of clinical application. However, the intricate mechanisms underlying the drug resistance to PARP inhibitors, including the restoration of homologous recombination, stabilization of DNA replication forks, overexpression of drug efflux protein, and epigenetic modifications pose great challenges and desirability in the development of novel PARP inhibitors. In this review, we will focus on the mechanism, structure-activity relationship, and multidrug resistance associated with the representative PARP inhibitors. Furthermore, we aim to provide insights into the development prospects and emerging trends to offer guidance for the clinical application and inspiration for the development of novel PARP inhibitors and degraders., (© 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

Arid and semi-arid regions in West China are ecologically fragile zones. Increasing attention has been focused on soil pollution triggered by mining and smelting in those areas. Nine heavy metals in the soil around a mining and smelting plant in Xinjiang were investigated using multivariate analysis, the geoaccumulation index, and GIS techniques. The heavy metals Cu and As were identified as the main pollutants in the study area. The accumulation of the heavy metals Cr, Zn, Ni, and Cd is small and weakly disturbed by human activity. Anthropogenic accumulation of Co and Pb was observed at a few sampling sites; its degree was also small. Anthropogenic accumulation of Mn in soil was not apparent. The factor analysis indicates two sources for the nine heavy metals in the soils. Source 1 includes As, Cu, Ni, Cr, Zn, Cd, and Co, while Source 2 includes Mn and Pb. The spatial distribution suggests that the sites with the highest As, Cu, Ni, Cr, Zn, Pb, Cd, and Co concentrations are in areas close to the tailing dump. The sealing tailing dump is the prior way to prevent the spread of heavy metals. The results also reveal that the PCA/APCS receptor model is not applicable for the quantification of the contribution of heavy metals in soils in this case.