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The impact of vitamin B2 (riboflavin) intake on cognitive performance among older adults in the United States (US) remains inadequately understood. This study aimed to explore the association between vitamin B2 intake and cognitive performance among non-institutionalized elderly people in the US. Weighted logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between vitamin B2 intake and cognitive performance. Vitamin B2 intake was determined from the mean of two 24-hour dietary recall interviews. Three cognitive ability assessment tests, namely the Immediate Recall Test (IRT), Animal Fluency Test (AFT), and Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), were performed. Participants included all older adults over 60 who underwent cognitive scoring, with cut-offs defined based on the lowest quartile (25th percentile) for each test (the cut-offs for the three scores were 15.625, 12, and 33, respectively). Sensitivity analysis, including dose-response curves, subgroup analyses, interaction effects, per 1 standard deviation (SD), recommended dietary allowance (RDA), and residual energy model analysis, were performed to solidify the solid association between vitamin B2 and cognitive performance. A total of 2893 individuals aged over 60 were included, with a mean age of 69 (7) years, and 46% were men. There was a significant association between vitamin B2 intake and all three cognitive scores (IRT, Odds Ratio = 0.77, 95% confidence interval: [0.65,0.92]; AFT, 0.75, [0.64,0.88]; DSST, 0.72, [0.59,0.88]). Moreover, vitamin B2 intake above the RDA reduced the risk of low cognitive performance (IRT, 0.66, [0.46,0.93]; AFT, 0.83, [0.62,1.11]; DSST, 0.65, [0.45,0.92]) compared to intake below the RDA. Dose-response curves indicated that higher vitamin B2 intake was negatively associated with the risk of low cognitive performance. Physical activity may modify the association between vitamin B2 and cognitive performance. Vitamin B2 intake was positively associated with cognitive performance among older adults. Adequate vitamin B2 intake could help protect cognitive function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The coexistence of meningioma and pituitary adenoma is very rare, especially in the same location after meningioma surgery. Here, we reported a case of coexisting meningioma and pituitary adenoma secondary to postoperative meningioma in the sellar region in a patient who had not received radiation therapy before the second surgery. A 61-year-old woman underwent craniotomy for tumor resection for sellar meningioma in 2017, and postoperative imaging showed no residual in the surgical area. In 2022, the patient had a history of decreased vision again. MRI showed the possibility of postoperative pituitary adenoma in the sellar region. The patient underwent endoscopic resection of the skull base lesion again. After surgery, the patient's visual symptoms improved. Histology of the sellar tumor showed both meningioma (meningeal epithelial type and WHO grade I) and pituitary adenoma in the same section. The coexistence of meningioma and pituitary adenoma is a very rare surgical entity. This report provides a theoretical basis for the selection of intracerebral tumor surgery and provides a diagnostic basis and treatment reference for patients diagnosed with meningioma and pituitary adenoma at the same time.

BACKGROUND: Developing new materials for separating Sr2+ ions from aqueous solutions is significant. Metal–organic frameworks are regarded as excellent adsorption materials due to their high specific surface area and abundant adsorption sites. In this work, a novel UiO‐66‐(COOH)2‐based mixed matrix membrane (MMM) was prepared by combining UiO‐66‐(COOH)2 with polyethersulfone (PES) for separating Sr2+. RESULTS: The MMMs were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and water contact angle and water flux measurements. Various contents (0–2.5 wt%) of UiO‐66‐(COOH)2 were blended into PES membranes. The results showed that incorporating UiO‐66‐(COOH)2 significantly increased membrane porosity and water flux, and reduced contact angle. The membrane (M4) that contained 2.0 wt% UiO‐66‐(COOH)2 exhibited an excellent morphology and the highest Sr2+ uptake capacity (111.9 μg cm−2). Adsorption kinetics and isotherms showed that the nature of the adsorption of the membrane towards Sr2+ was chemisorption, homogeneous and monolayer. Compared with the adsorption capacity of UiO‐66‐(COOH)2 towards Sr2+ in adsorption packed column, these values of M4 decreased by about 75% during membrane filtration. The rejection performance of MMMs increased with increasing UiO‐66‐(COOH)2 content. Breakthrough curves of MMMs were not correlated with flow rate in the range of 10–180 mL h−1. The presence of Ca2+ and Mg2+ ions did not obviously affect the separation of Sr2+, but Pb2+ had a significant influence. Furthermore, after five adsorption–desorption experiments, the regeneration remained at about 95% of initial values. CONCLUSIONS: The MMMs showed good adsorption capacity for Sr2+ and exhibited favorable reusability and stability. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study the wander characteristics of partially coherent anomalous vortex beams in anisotropic atmospheric turbulence, based on the anisotropic non-Kolmogorov atmospheric turbulence spectrum model, the analytical expression of the bam wander of partially coherent anomalous vortex beam (PCAVB) propagating in anisotropic turbulence was obtained by using the geometrical optics approximation and Rytov approximation, and the numerical simulation was carried out at the same time. The effects of beam parameters and turbulence parameters such as topological charge, coherence length, anisotropy parameters, refractive index structure constant on root-mean-square beam wander, and relative beam wander of PCAVB in turbulence were studied. The results show that the more coherent the anomalous vortex beam is, the more serious the wander of the beam in the anisotropic turbulence will be. With the increase of topological charge, the influence of turbulence on beam wander can be reduced to some extent. The influence of turbulence on the wander of partially coherent anomalous vortex beams is obviously reduced with the increase of anisotropic factor. When the generalized exponential parameter increases in the range of 3 ~ 3. 3, it has the largest influence on PCAVB root-mean-square wander and relative wander, while when it increases in the range of 3. 3 ~4, the influence on beam root-mean-square wander and relative wander gradually weakens. This study provides a theoretical reference model for the propagation of anomalous vortex beam in anisotropic atmospheric turbulence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The interaction between the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) and the acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is definite but not fully understood. This study aimed to analyze the risk factors of AIS and explore the role of serum indicators such as angiotensin I (Ang I) in the prognosis of patients undergoing endovascular thrombectomy (EVT)., Patients and Methods: Patients with AIS who underwent EVT and healthy controls were retrospectively enrolled in this study, and the patients were divided into a good or a poor prognosis group. We compared Ang I, blood routine indexes, biochemical indexes, electrolyte indexes, and coagulation indexes between patients and controls. We used univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses to evaluate possible risk factors for AIS and the prognosis of patients undergoing EVT. Independent risk factors for the prognosis of patients undergoing EVT were identified through multifactorial logistic regression analyses to construct diagnostic nomograms, further assessed by receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC)., Results: Consistent with previous studies, advanced age, high blood glucose, high D-dimer, and high prothrombin activity are risk factors for AIS. In addition, Ang I levels are lower in AIS compared to the controls. The level of Ang I was higher in the good prognosis group. Furthermore, we developed a nomogram to evaluate its ability to predict the prognosis of AIS after EVT. The AUC value of the combined ROC model (Ang I and albumin-globulin ratio (AGR)) was 0.859., Conclusions: In conclusion, advanced age, high blood glucose, high D-dimer, and high prothrombin activity are risk factors for AIS. The combined Ang I and AGR model has a good predictive ability for the prognosis of AIS patients undergoing arterial thrombectomy., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Yang, Li, Huang, Xu, Liang, Sun and Li.)