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In order to ensure the reliability of communication, 5G base stations are usually equipped with lithium iron phosphate cascade batteries with high energy density and high charge and discharge cycles, which have good load adjustment characteristics. Based on the standard configuration of typical base stations, this article studies the expansion requirements of the power system in three scenarios to ensure that 5G base stations have basic energy storage functions. On this basis, the feasibility and economy of 5G base station participation in demand response are studied. The research results have certain guiding significance for evaluating the demand response capability of 5G base stations and giving full play to the economic value of battery packs.

The power demand response capacity of electric car, refrigeration storage, communication base station and resident users in the pilot area was studied by Monte Carlo simulation, and the ratio of peak clipping scale to maximum load in summer was quantitatively evaluated based on sample data. The research shows that the electric bus has a more stable electric load, and can participate in the demand response by adjusting the charging period, and the response ratio can reach 80%. The short-term shutdown of the refrigeration storage will not affect the cooling effect, and the way of participating in the demand response is similar to the central air conditioning of the building, with the response ratio reaching 80%. The communication base station can participate in the demand response by enabling the battery, and the response capacity of a single macro station is 3 kw. Residential users can participate in the demand response by cutting electricity consumption during peak hours, and the cut could be about 40% of peak summer consumption.

In order to ensure the steady progress of the demand side response, this paper comprehensively considers the power supply and demand of the whole province and each municipality, and achieves the optimization and decomposition of the provincial demand response reserve target in each municipality, based on the assessment of the demand side response capability of 18 prefecture-level cities. Relevant research methods and conclusions can be applied to the formulation of demand side response plan, which is conducive to the integration of demand-side adjustable resources into the power planning, so as to better play the role of guaranteeing the balance of supply and demand and mitigating power grid investment.

With the upgrading of residents’ consumption and the continuous improvement of electrification level, Henan’s power consumption has maintained rapid growth. There is a shortage of power supply under the constraints of time, structure, and environmental protection. The implementation of power demand response can smooth peak loads, promote supply and demand balance and operational efficiency. The basis for the successful implementation of power demand response is to have a stable and full source of subsidy funds. The feasibility of three subsidy sources of demand response under the current business model is discussed in order to provide useful reference for provincial power grid enterprises to organize and carry out demand response work.

The retail competition model is the most thorough form of electricity competition. This article elaborates on the concept and evolution of the electricity retail market. In the analysis part of the typical foreign electricity sales market, it focuses on the electricity markets in California, the United Kingdom and Australia; in the part of the analysis of typical domestic electricity sales markets, it focuses on some typical practices in provinces such as Guangdong, Shandong, and Zhejiang. Finally, it summarizes the experience in market access rules, transaction methods, credit management and control.