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This paper addresses the challenges of vision-based manipulation for autonomous cutting and unpacking of transparent plastic bags in industrial setups, aligning with the Industry 4.0 paradigm. Industry 4.0, driven by data, connectivity, analytics, and robotics, promises enhanced accessibility and sustainability throughout the value chain. The integration of autonomous systems, including collaborative robots (cobots), into industrial processes is pivotal for efficiency and safety. The proposed solution employs advanced Machine Learning algorithms, particularly Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), to identify transparent plastic bags under varying lighting and background conditions. Tracking algorithms and depth sensing technologies are utilized for 3D spatial awareness during pick and placement. The system addresses challenges in grasping and manipulation, considering optimal points, compliance control with vacuum gripping technology, and real-time automation for safe interaction in dynamic environments. The system's successful testing and validation in the lab with the FRANKA robot arm, showcases its potential for widespread industrial applications, while demonstrating effectiveness in automating the unpacking and cutting of transparent plastic bags for an 8-stack bulk-loader based on specific requirements and rigorous testing.

We present a detailed near-infrared study of an embedded cluster located in the hub of the giant molecular cloud G148.24+00.41 of mass $\sim$10$^5$ $M_\odot$, with the TANSPEC instrument mounted on the 3.6 m Devasthal Optical Telescope. The hub is located near the geometric center of the cloud and represents its most massive clump. We studied the central 2 pc $\times$ 2 pc area of the hub with 5$\sigma$ limiting magnitudes of 20.5, 20.1, and 18.6 mag in the $J$, $H$, and $K_s$ bands, respectively. Using the $K_s$-band luminosity function and comparing it with the synthetic clusters, we obtained the age of the cluster as $\sim$0.5 Myr, which was found to corroborate well with the visual extinction versus the age of nearby embedded clusters. We find that the present mass of the cluster is around $\sim$180 $M_\odot$, and the cluster is currently forming stars at a rate of $\sim$330 $M_\odot$ $\rm{Myr}^{-1}$, with an efficiency of $\sim$20%. The cluster is connected to an extended gas reservoir through a filamentary network; thus, we hypothesize that the cluster has the potential to become a richer cluster in a few Myr of time., Comment: 17 pages and 13 figures

Single-step Coulomb excitation of $^{46,48,49,50}$Ti is presented. A complete set of $E2$ matrix elements for the quintuplet of states in $^{49}$Ti, centered on the $2^+$ core excitation, was measured for the first time. A total of nine $E2$ matrix elements are reported, four of which were previously unknown. $^{49}_{22}$Ti$_{27}$ shows a $20\%$ quenching in electric quadrupole transition strength as compared to its semi-magic $^{50}_{22}$Ti$_{28}$ neighbour. This $20\%$ quenching, while empirically unprecedented, can be explained with a remarkably simple two-state mixing model, which is also consistent with other ground-state properties such as the magnetic dipole moment and electric quadrupole moment. A connection to nucleon transfer data and the quenching of single-particle strength is also demonstrated. The simplicity of the $^{49}$Ti-$^{50}$Ti pair (i.e., approximate single-$j$ $0f_{7/2}$ valence space and isolation of yrast states from non-yrast states) provides a unique opportunity to disentangle otherwise competing effects in the ground-state properties of atomic nuclei, the emergence of collectivity, and the role of proton-neutron interactions., Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, accepted in Physics Letters B

We have investigated the physical properties of Planck Galactic Cold Clumps (PGCCs) located in the Galactic Plane, using the JCMT Plane Survey (JPS) and the SCUBA-2 Continuum Observations of Pre-protostellar Evolution (SCOPE) survey. By utilising a suite of molecular-line surveys, velocities and distances were assigned to the compact sources within the PGCCs, placing them in a Galactic context. The properties of these compact sources show no large-scale variations with Galactic environment. Investigating the star-forming content of the sample, we find that the luminosity-to-mass ratio (L/M) is an order of magnitude lower than in other Galactic studies, indicating that these objects are hosting lower levels of star formation. Finally, by comparing ATLASGAL sources that are associated or are not associated with PGCCs, we find that those associated with PGCCs are typically colder, denser, and have a lower L/M ratio, hinting that PGCCs are a distinct population of Galactic Plane sources., Comment: 18 pages, 14 figures, 7 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS

We conducted a photometric and kinematic analysis of the young open cluster NGC 2345 using CCD \emph{UBV} data from 2-m Himalayan Chandra Telescope (HCT), \emph{Gaia} Data Release 3 (DR3), 2MASS, and the APASS datasets. We found 1732 most probable cluster members with membership probability higher than 70$\%$. The fundamental and structural parameters of the cluster are determined based on the cluster members. The mean proper motion of the cluster is estimated to be $\mu_{\alpha}cos\delta$ = ${-1.34}\pm0.20$ and $\mu_{\delta}$= $1.35\pm 0.21$ mas $yr^{-1}$. Based on the radial density profile, the estimated radius is $\sim$ 12.8 arcmin (10.37 pc). Using color-color and color-magnitude diagrams, we estimate the reddening, age, and distance to be $0.63\pm0.04$ mag, 63 $\pm$ 8 Myr, and 2.78 $\pm$ 0.78 kpc, respectively. The mass function slope for main-sequence stars is determined as $1.2\pm 0.1$. The mass function slope in the core, halo, and overall region indicates a possible hint of mass segregation. The cluster's dynamical relaxation time is 177.6 Myr, meaning ongoing mass segregation, with complete equilibrium expected in 100-110 Myr. Apex coordinates are determined as $-40^{\circ}.89 \pm 0.12, -44^{\circ}.99 \pm 0.15$. The cluster's orbit in the Galaxy suggests early dissociation in field stars due to its close proximity to the Galactic disk., Comment: Accepted for publication in A&A and 21 pages, 22 Figures

The relative importance of magnetic fields, turbulence, and gravity in the early phases of star formation is still not well understood. We report the first high-resolution dust polarization observations at 850 $\mu$m around the most massive clump, located at the hub of the Giant Molecular Cloud G148.24+00.41, using SCUBA-2/POL-2 at the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope. We find that the degree of polarization decreases steadily towards the denser portion of the cloud. Comparing the intensity gradients and local gravity with the magnetic field orientations, we find that local gravity plays a dominant role in driving the gas collapse as the magnetic field orientations and gravity vectors seem to point towards the dense clumps. We also find evidence of U-shaped magnetic field morphology towards a small-scale elongated structure associated with the central clump, hinting at converging accretion flows towards the clump. Our observation has resolved the massive clump into multiple substructures. We study the magnetic field properties of two regions, central clump (CC) and northeastern elongated structure (NES). Using the modified Davis-Chandrasekhar Fermi method, we determine that the magnetic field strengths of CC and NES are $\sim$24.0 $\pm$ 6.0 $\mu$G and 20.0 $\pm$ 5.0 $\mu$G, respectively. The mass-to-flux ratios are found to be magnetically transcritical/supercritical, while the Alfv$\acute{\text{e}}$n Mach number indicates a trans-Alfv$\acute{\text{e}}$nic state in both regions. These results, along with Virial analysis, suggest that at the hub of G148.24+00.41, gravitational energy has an edge over magnetic and kinetic energies., Comment: 17 pages, 23 figures

We present the study of four FUV stars in the field of open cluster NGC 2420 using the Ultra Violet Imaging Telescope (UVIT) mounted on AstroSat. The three stars 525, 527, and 560 are members, while star 646 is a non-member of the cluster. To characterize and determine the parameters of these stars, multi-wavelength spectral energy distributions (SEDs) are analyzed using UV, optical, and IR data sets. For all four FUV bright stars, a two-component SED model fits well. Our findings indicate that two stars, 525 and 560, are binary BSS systems. These binary BSS systems may have formed in a tertiary system due to mass transfer from an evolved outer tertiary companion. Star 527 is a binary system of a BSS and an extremely low-mass (ELM) white dwarf, while Star 646 is a binary system of a horizontal branch star and an ELM white dwarf. The effective temperatures, radii, luminosities and masses of the two ELMs are (10250, 11500) K, (0.42, 0.12) Rsun, (1.61, 0.23) Lsun, and (0.186, 0.170) Msun, respectively. The star 527 could be a post-mass transfer system and may have originated through the Case A/B mass transfer process in a low-density environment. The cooling age of the ELMs is < 1 Myr, indicating that they have only recently formed., Comment: Accepted in ApJ, 9 pages, 4 figures, 1 table

Cygnus-X is considered a region of interest for high-energy astrophysics, since the Cygnus OB2 association has been confirmed as a PeVatron in the Cygnus cocoon. In this research note, we present new high-resolution (16'') $^{12,13}$CO(J=1$\rightarrow$0) and C$^{18}$O (J=1$\rightarrow$0) observations obtained with the Nobeyama 45-m radiotelescope, to complement the Nobeyama Cygnus-X Survey. We discovered 19 new C$^{18}$O clumps associated with the star-forming regions DR-6W, DR-9, and DR13S. We present the physical parameters of these clumps, which are consistent with the neighboring covered regions. We confirm the clumpy nature of these regions and of a filament located between DR6 and DR6W. These results strongly suggest that star formation occurs in these regions with clumps of sizes $\sim$10$^{-1}$ pc, masses $\sim$10$^2$ M$_\odot$, and H$_2$ densities of $\sim$10$^4$ cm$^{-3}$., Comment: 8 pages, 3 Figures, 1 Table. https://pos.sissa.it/444/631/pdf

In the present study, we identified an extremely low-mass white dwarf as a companion to a low luminous blue straggler star within the Galactic globular cluster NGC 362. To conduct the analysis, we utilized data obtained from various sources, including AstroSat Ultra Violet Imaging Telescope, UVOT, and the 2.2-m ESO telescope. By examining the spectral energy distribution of the blue straggler star candidate, we successfully identified an extremely low mass white dwarf as its binary companion. We determined the effective temperature, radius, and luminosity for both, the extremely low-mass white dwarf and the blue straggler star candidate. Specifically, the extremely low-mass white dwarf exhibits an effective temperature of 15000 K, a radius of 0.17 Rsun, a luminosity of 1.40 Lsun, and a mass range of 0.19-0.20 Msun. Furthermore, the position of the straggler star within the cluster suggests their formation via the Case A/B mass-transfer mechanism in a low-density environment., Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures, Submitted: 31 May, 2023 and Accepted: 26 July 2023

The 4K$\times$4K CCD Imager is the first light instrument for the 3.6m Devasthal Optical Telescope and is producing broad-band imaging observations of many Galactic and extra-galactic sources since 2015-2016. Capabilities of the CCD Imager are demonstrated recently through several publications using the well-calibrated multi-band deep photometric results as expected from other similar facilities globally. In this article, we summarize some of the recent up-gradations made to improve the Imager, i.e., mounting the new filter wheel casing, replacing stray light baffles and discussing the fringe pattern corrections in redder filters. Some of the new science initiatives like galaxy-embedded faint point sources including WR stars and the observations of low surface brightness galaxy clusters are also discussed., Comment: Accepted for publication in the Journal of Astronomical Instrumentation, 20 pages, 17 figures and 2 tables

We present here the results of eight years of our near-simultaneous optical/near-infrared spectro-photometric monitoring of bonafide FUor candidate `V2493 Cyg' starting from 2013 September to 2021 June. During our optical monitoring period (between October 16, 2015 and December 30, 2019), the V2493 Cyg is slowly dimming with an average dimming rate of $\sim$26.6 $\pm$ 5.6 mmag/yr in V band. Our optical photometric colors show a significant reddening of the source post the second outburst pointing towards a gradual expansion of the emitting region post the second outburst. The mid infra-red colors, on the contrary, exhibits a blueing trend which can be attributed to the brightening of the disc due to the outburst. Our spectroscopic monitoring shows a dramatic variation of the H$\alpha$ line as it transitioned from absorption feature to the emission feature and back. Such transition can possibly be explained by the variation in the wind structure in combination with accretion. Combining our time evolution spectra of the Ca II infra-red triplet lines with the previously published spectra of V2493 Cyg, we find that the accretion region has stabilised compared to the early days of the outburst. The evolution of the O I $\lambda$7773 \AA~ line also points towards the stabilization of the circumstellar disc post the second outburst., Comment: 34 pages, 12 figures, 6 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ

Observing the spatial distribution and excitation processes of atomic and molecular gas in the inner regions (< 20 au) of young (< 10 Myr) protoplanetary disks helps us to understand the conditions for the formation and evolution of planetary systems. In the framework of the PENELLOPE and ULLYSES projects, we aim to characterize the atomic and molecular component of protoplanetary disks in a sample of 11 Classical T Tauri Stars (CTTs) of the Orion OB1 and $\sigma$-Orionis associations. We analyzed the flux-calibrated optical-forbidden lines and the fluorescent ultraviolet $\rm H_2$ progressions using spectra acquired with ESPRESSO at VLT, UVES at VLT and HST-COS. Line morphologies were characterized through Gaussian decomposition. We then focused on the properties of the narrow low-velocity (FWHM < 40 $km$ $s^{-1}$ and |$v_p$| < 30 $km$ $s^{-1}$) component (NLVC) of the [OI] 630 nm line, compared with the properties of the UV-$\rm H_2$ lines. We found that the [OI]630 NLVC and the UV-$\rm H_2$ lines are strongly correlated in terms of peak velocities, full width at half maximum, and luminosity. The luminosities of the [OI]630 NLVC and UV-$\rm H_2$ correlate with the accretion luminosity with a similar slope, as well as with the luminosity of the CIV 154.8, 155 nm doublet. We discuss such correlations in the framework of the currently suggested excitation processes for the [OI]630 NLVC. Our results can be interpreted in a scenario in which the [OI]630 NLVC and UV-$\rm H_2$ have a common disk origin with a partially overlapped radial extension. We also suggest that the excitation of the [OI] NLVC is mainly induced by stellar FUV continuum photons more than being of thermal origin. This study demonstrates the potential of contemporaneous wide-band high-resolution spectroscopy in linking different tracers of protoplanetary disks., Comment: 24 pages, 15 figures, 6 tables. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics

We present the intra-cluster kinematics and dynamics of three open clusters: NGC 1193, NGC 2355, and King 12 by incorporating kinematical and photometric data from Gaia DR3, as well as a ground-based telescope. After selecting cluster members based on proper motion data, clusters' fundamental and structural parameters are investigated. We found the clusters at distances of 4.45, 1.97, and 3.34 kpc from the Sun in the direction of the Galactic anticenter. The luminosity function of the cluster NGC 1193 is flat, whereas it advances towards the fainter ends of the other two clusters. We observed a dip in the luminosity function of King 12. The mass function slopes for all three clusters differ from the solar neighbourhood reported by Salpeter, with NGC 1193 and NGC 2355 being flatter and King 12 having a higher value than the Salpeter value. The intra-cluster kinematics depict that stars in King 12 are moving outwards due to tidal forces from the Galactic disc, which we confirmed by plotting the cluster's orbit in the Galaxy. Stars in NGC 2355 are moving with smaller relative velocities and have zero mean relative motion, which signifies that the cluster is neither contracting nor evaporating. The Galactic orbits of NGC 1193 suggest that it is orbiting farther from the Galactic disc, and so is less impacted by the Galactic tidal forces., Comment: This article has been accepted for the publication in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society and contains total 19 pages, 22 figures and 11 tables

We report the discovery of four blue lurkers with low and extremely low-mass white dwarf (ELM WDs) companions in the Galactic globular cluster NGC 362 using AstroSat Ultra Violet Imaging Telescope (UVIT). We analyzed the multi-wavelength spectral energy distribution (SED) of FUV-bright MS stars using data from the UVIT, UVOT, GAIA EDR3, and 2.2m ESO/MPI telescopes. Two each of low-mass WDs and ELM WDs are found as companions for the four blue lurkers by the fitting of two-component SED models. The effective temperatures, radii, luminosities, and masses of two low-mass WDs are (35000, 23000) K, (0.04, 0.05) Rsun , (1.45, 0.22) Lsun , and (0.2, 0.2) Msun, while the two ELM WDs are (14750, 14750) K, (0.09, 0.10) Rsun, (0.34, 0.40) Lsun, and (0.18, 0.18) Msun. The position of blue lurkers within the cluster shows that they originated via the Case A/B mass-transfer mechanism in a low-density environment. This is the first detection of blue lurkers with low-mass WDs and ELM WDs as companions in a globular cluster. The companion cooling age is less than 4 Myr, which suggests that they were just recently formed. These binary systems might have originated due to the cluster recent core collapse., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 table

We report the discovery of extremely low-mass white dwarfs (ELM WDs) as a companion of blue straggler stars (BSSs) in the Galactic globular cluster NGC 362 using images from AstroSats Ultra Violet Imaging Telescope (UVIT). Spectral Energy Distributions (SEDs) for 26 FUV bright member BSSs are created using data from the UVIT, UVOT, Gaia EDR3, and the 2.2 m ESO/MPI telescope. A single SED is fitted to 14 BSSs, whereas double-SED fits revealed ELM WDs as binary companions in 12 of the 26 BSSs studied. The effective temperature, radius, luminosity and mass of the 12 ELM WDs are found to have a range (Teff = 9750-18000 K, R = 0.1-0.4 Rsun, L = 0.4-3.3 Lsun, and M =0.16-0.20 Msun). These suggest that 12 BSSs are post-mass-transfer systems formed through Case A/B mass transfer pathway. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first finding of ELM WDs as companions to BSS in globular clusters. This cluster is known to have a binary BSS sequence and the 12 binary and 14 single BSSs (as classified by the SEDs) follow the mass transfer and collisional sequence of BSS in the colour-magnitude diagram. The cooling ages of 9 of the ELM WDs are found to be younger than 500 Myr. Though the binary BSSs may have formed during the core-collapse (approx 200 Myr) or as part of the dynamical evolution of the cluster, they provide new insights on the dynamics of this cluster., Comment: 16 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ

In this paper, we have used the Gaia's Data Release-3 (DR3) data to study an intermediate-age open cluster Berkeley 27 (Be 27). A total of 131 most probable cluster members are picked within the cluster's radius based on the membership probability ($> 80\%$). The cluster's radius was estimated as 3.74 arcmin. The mean proper motion (PM) of Be 27 was determined to be ($\mu_{\alpha} cos{\delta}$, $\mu_{\delta}$)= ($-1.076\pm0.008$, $0.152\pm0.007$)~mas~yr$^{-1}$. The blue straggler stars (BSS) of the cluster were found to be located in the central region. Theoretical isochrones of metallicity Z$_{metal}$= 0.008 were compared to the color-magnitude diagram (CMD) of Be 27. As a result, a heliocentric distance of 4.8$\pm$0.2 kpc and log (age) = 9.36$\pm$0.03 were determined for Be 27. The Galactic orbits are derived using the Galactic potential model which demonstrate that Be 27 follows a circular path around the Galactic center. The cluster does not seem to be affected much by the tidal forces from the Galactic thin disk., Comment: 22 pages, 12 figures and 2 tables. Accepted by New Astronomy

This paper presents a deep investigation of two open clusters, Haffner 22 and Melotte 71, using astrometric and photometric data from Gaia EDR3. We identified 382 and 597 most probable cluster members with membership probability higher than 50 percent. Mean proper motion in RA and DEC are estimated as -1.63 and 2.889 respectively for Haffner 22 and -2.398 and 4.210 for Melotte 71. A comparison of observed CMDs with theoretical isochrones leads to an age of 2.25 and 1.27 Gyr for these clusters. The distances 2.88 and 2.28 kpc based on parallax are comparable with the values derived by isochrone fitting method. Five and four blue straggler stars are identified as cluster members in Haffner 22 and Melotte 71 respectively. Based on the relative number of high velocity (binary) and single stars, we inferred binary fractions for both clusters. We found binary content is larger in core region. Mass function slope is in good agreement with the Salpeter's value while it is flat for Haffner 22. Evidence for the existence of mass segregation effect is observed in both clusters. Using the Galactic potential models, Galactic orbits are derived, indicating that both clusters follow a circular path around the Galactic center, evolving slowly., Comment: This article contains 15 figures and 9 tables. This paper has been accepted for the publication in Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2103.04596