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Background: To assess the prophylactic effect of simultaneous placement of mesh and incidence of parastomal hernia (PSH) after abdominoperineal resection of rectal cancer. Methods: This study included real world data of 56 surgically resected colorectal cancer (CRC) patients who were consecutively assigned to 2 groups: control (no mesh, n=32) and experimental (received mesh, n=24). An artificial patch was placed under the tunica vaginalis of rectus abdominis for patients in experimental group whereas the control group received routine sigmoidostomy. The median follow-up time was >20 months. Difference in hazards function was analyzed by cox regression analysis and results were expressed as hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). A P-value < 0.05 was considered as significant. Results: Post-operative incidence rate of PSH was lower in experimental (41.7 %) than in control group (71.9 %; P=0.045). PSH postoperative time in experimental group was significantly delayed than control group (48 months vs 10 months; PConclusions: Prophylactic mesh placement significantly prolonged post-operative time to recurrence and incidence rate of PSH. The incidence of recurrence of H2 (severe PSH) requiring secondary surgical repair was reduced.

Background Roughage and concentrate supplement contain large amounts of soluble non-starch polysaccharides (NSP). They not only reduce nutrient digestibility but also induce indigestibility in livestock. Moreover, starch particles embedded in the cereal protein matrix are not easily decomposed by starch-degrading enzymes. Glyanase, β-mannanase, β-glucanase, cellulase, protease, and amylase added to cereal diets can alleviate the adverse effects of NSP and cellulose. The current study determined the effects of adding glyanase, β-mannanase, β-glucanase, cellulase, protease, and amylase to the diet of 2-month-old suckling donkeys on their growth performance, apparent nutrient digestibility, fecal VFA and pH, fecal bacterial composition, and blood biochemical indices.Results On day 120 of the trial, fecal samples were collected from the rectum of donkeys for determining bacterial diversity, VFA content, and pH. Moreover, fresh fecal samples were collected from each donkey on days 110 and 115 to determine apparent digestibility. The multienzymes did not affect growth performance (P > 0.05) and apparent nutrient digestibility (P > 0.05) in the donkeys; however, they tended to increase (P = 0.0544) total height gain. At the study end, multienzymes increased (P P P P P = 0.0086) the abundance of Proteobacteria.Conclusions Conclusively, a multienzyme-supplemented basal diet for suckling donkeys can improve their total height gain and increase fecal microbial diversity and abundance.

Point cloud modeling is one of the most common types of 3D modeling, and the PointNet algorithm is an effective point cloud classification and segmentation algorithm. We propose the quantum accelerated PointNet algorithm. The proposed algorithm uses quantum computing to realize the three convolutional layers of the PointNet algorithm and uses classical computers to realize the pooling layers, the fully connected layers, and other parts. For a point cloud with [Formula: see text] points and coordinate values up to [Formula: see text], when performing the computation of the convolution layer of the PointNet algorithm with convolution kernel weights up to [Formula: see text], our algorithm changes the computational complexity from [Formula: see text] on an electronic computer to [Formula: see text] after the quantum computing acceleration. The quantum accelerated PointNet algorithm proposed in this study changes the variables of the polynomial of computational complexity from [Formula: see text] to the product [Formula: see text], and completely removes the effect of the parameter [Formula: see text], which is positively related to the number of points. Therefore, We can conclude that the quantum accelerated PointNet algorithm achieves a certain speedup compared to the classical PointNet algorithm.

Ke Zeng,1,&ast; Jia-Mo Zhang,2,&ast; Xiao-Bin Li,1 Sheng-Xian Peng,3 Su-Chuan Zhang,4 Wen-Xian Xie,5 Chun-Fang Xi,1 Cheng-Jian Cao6 1Department of Urology, First People’s Hospital of Zigong City, Zigong, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Urology, YongChuan Hospital Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China; 3Scientific Research Department, First People’s Hospital of Zigong City, Zigong, People’s Republic of China; 4Laboratory Department, First People’s Hospital of Zigong City, Zigong, People’s Republic of China; 5Department of Basic Medicine, Sichuan Vocational College of Health and Rehabilitation, Zigong, People’s Republic of China; 6Zigong Academy of Medical Sciences, First People’s Hospital of Zigong City, Zigong, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Cheng-Jian CaoZigong Academy of Medical Sciences, First People’s Hospital of Zigong City, Zigong, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail cccjj2011@163.comObjective: To analyze the bacterial biofilm (BF) formation in patients with malignancy undergoing double J stent indwelling and its influencing factors.Methods: A total of 167 patients with malignant tumors who received double J stent indwelling in the hospital from January 2018 to January 2021 were included in the study. The urine and double J stent samples were collected for bacterial identification and observed for BF formation on the surface of the urinary catheter under a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the influencing factors of BF.Results: The BF formation rate was 34.73% (58/167). The BF formation rate of positive specimens cultured in urine and double J stent was significantly higher than that of negative ones (P< 0.05). Staphylococcus was the main BF bacteria in double J stent and urine culture specimens, followed by Enterococcus, Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, and Acinetobacter. Compared with the non-BF group, the number of viable bacteria in the double J stent and urine and the catheterization time in the BF group rose markedly (P< 0.05). Advanced age, chemotherapy, anemia, indwelling time ≥ 90d, and urinary tract infection were risk factors for BF formation in patients with malignancy undergoing double J stent indwelling (P< 0.05).Conclusion: There is a high rate of BF formation in patients with malignancy undergoing double J stent indwelling, with Staphylococcus as the dominant species. Treatment requires enhanced urinary catheter management and nutritional status to inhibit BF formation and lower the rate of urinary catheter-related infections.Keywords: malignant tumor, double J stent indwelling, biofilm, catheter-related infection, etiology, influence factor

Objective: To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of biofilm bacteria infected with upper urinary calculi patients with double J stent indwelling and its influencing factors. Methods: A total of 400 patients with upper urinary calculi who adopted double J stent inserting in our hospital from January 2019 to January 2022 were included. The urine and double J stent samples were collected and pathogen culture were performed, and the drug sensitivity test analysis were carried out for isolates.Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to analyze the influencing factors of patients with double J-stent associated biofilm bacteria infections. Results: A total of 13 strains (3.2%) of biofilm bacteria were detected from urine samples and 168 strains (42%) from double J-stent samples (P < 0.05), 95 strains (23.7%) of pathogenic bacteria were separated from urine samples and 117 strains (29.2%) from double J-stent samples (P > 0.05). Escherichia coliwere the most common bacteria. there were significantly higher drug resistance was observed in biofilm bacteria versus urine-cultured pathogens (P < 0.05). Advanced age, long-term catheterization, insufficient water intake, hypoproteinemia, abnormal renal function and diabetes mellitus were independent risk factors for biofilm bacteria infection associated with double J stent(P < 0.05). Conclusion: Among the upper urinary calculi patients with double J stent indwelling, the positive rate and drug resistance of biofilm bacteria obtained from double-J stent were significantly higher than that from urine.Deem that rational choice of antibiotics and appropriate treatment led to better prognosis.

Background Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa) is a mesenchymal tumor with distinct histologic and immunologic features. PEComas that originate in the bladder are extremely rare clinically, with only 35 cases reported in the English literature thus far. Here, we report a case of bladder PEComa resection by transurethral en bloc resection of bladder tumor (ERBT). Case presentation A 66-year-old female with a history of poorly controlled type 2 diabetes with associated complications of frequent urinary tract infections presented to our hospital for a routine physical examination. Outpatient ultrasound examination revealed a strong echogenic mass of approximately 1.5 × 1.3 × 1.3 cm in size on the posterior wall of the bladder. The enhanced computed tomography and enhanced magnetic resonance imaging after admission both suggested a well-defined isolated nodular mass on the posterior wall of the bladder with significant enhancement on the enhanced scan. The tumor was successfully and completely resected by ERBT. Postoperative pathological examination and immunohistochemical results confirmed the mass was a bladder PEComa. No tumor recurrence was observed in the six-month postoperative follow-up. Conclusion Bladder PEComa is an extremely rare mesenchymal tumor of the urinary system. When imaging and cystoscopy reveal a nodular mass with an abundant blood supply in the bladder, PEComa should be included in the differential diagnosis of bladder tumors. Surgical resection is currently the primary option for the treatment of bladder PEComa. For a solitary, pedunculated, narrow-based, small-sized bladder PEComa, resection of the tumor by ERBT was a safe and feasible approach in our patient and may be considered for similar cases in the future.

The kinetics of oxidation roasting of molybdenum concentrate was studied by differential thermal− gravimetric experiments and non-isothermal analysis methods. The results show that high temperature is beneficial for oxidation of molybdenum concentrate. The initial oxidation temperature of the molybdenum concentrate is 450 °C, and the rapid oxidation occurs above 500 °C. The oxidation process conforms to the unreacted shrinking nucleus model. The early stage of the oxidation is controlled by chemical reaction with the apparent activation energy of 123.180 kJ/mol, while the later stage is controlled by internal diffusion with the apparent activation energy of 80.175 kJ/mol. Moreover, the oxidation rate is closely related to particle size of the concentrate. The smaller the particle size is, the larger the oxidation rate is.

Background Compared with the stomach of ruminant cattle, the stomach of horse is small and mainly for chemical digestion, but the microorganisms in the stomach play an important role in maintaining the homeostasis of the internal environment. Due to the complexity of the microbes in the stomach, little is known about the diversity and structure of bacteria in the equine stomach. Grains are the main energy source for plant-eating livestock and energy is derived through enzymatic hydrolysis of grains into glucose or their microbial fermentation into Volatile fatty acids (VFA). However, the mechanism through which these ingested grains are chemically digested as well as the effect of these grains on the stomach remains elusive. This study explored the effects of feeding different grains (corn, oats, and barley) on bacterial diversity, structure, and composition in the foal’s stomach content. Furthermore, the effects of different grains on the vitality of starch digestion-related stomach enzymes were investigated. Results No significant differences were observed (P > 0.05) in the bacterial rarefaction curves of Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs) and diversity of the stomach microbiota in all foals. This study also revealed the statistical differences for Firmicutes, Cyanobacteria, Actinobacteria, Fibrobacteres, Lactobacillaceae, Streptococcaceae, Unidentified_Clostridiales, Prevotellaceae, Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Unidentified_Cyanobacteria, Unidentified_Clostridiales, Lactococcus, Sphingomonas, Lactobacillus_hayakitensis, Lactobacillus_equigenerosi, and Clostridium_perfringens. The linear discriminant analysis effect size analysis revealed 9 bacteria at each classification level. The functional analysis of species information by using FAPROTAX software was able to predict 35 functions, and the top 5 functions were chemoheterotrophy, fermentation, animal_parasites_or_symbionts, nitrate_reduction, and aerobic_chemoheterotrophy. The study also revealed statistical differences for pH, glucose concentration, β-amylase, maltase, and amylase. Conclusions The different grains had no significant effect on the microbial diversity of the stomach content of the foal. However, the relative bacterial abundances differed significantly in response to different diets. Particularly, oats fed to the foals significantly increased the relative abundance of Firmicutes, Lactobacillaceae, Lactobacillus, and Lactobacillus_hayakitensis. The grain had no significant effect on the pH of the stomach content, glucose concentration, and enzyme viability in the foal.

There has been a remarkably increasing interest in applying acoustofluidics in micro-electro-mechanical systems and lab-on-a-chip systems in the past decades. This paper investigated the heat trans...

The runaway transient of pump-turbine usually goes in an oscillating mode with large variations of flow parameters. In this work, dynamic flow characteristics during the runaway are numerically investigated, focusing on the variations of rotation speed, flow rate, torque, and the corresponding pressure fluctuations. The time-frequency relationship of pressure pulsations in major flow passage components is analyzed using fast Fourier transform (FFT) and short-time Fourier transform (STFT), where a few special frequency bands related to rotational frequency are presented. Low-frequency components of pressure oscillations are universal in the flow passage, and mainly due to the temporal changing of flow rate. Runner-stator interaction induced frequency bands show highest magnitude in the runner, accompanying with reversed flow.

The mineralogical characteristics of three kinds of gibbsitic high-iron bauxite and the effects of various digestion conditions on the enrichment and separation of iron minerals were investigated. The results show that adding an appropriate organic reductant such as glycerol can promote the digestion of concomitant diaspore, boehmite and alumogoethite as well as the conversion of goethite to hematite in the reductive Bayer digestion. Processing Bauxite A with A/S of 25.41 can directly produce qualified iron concentrates (TFe>56%) by the reductive Bayer digestion, and thus realize the zero red mud discharge. For Bauxite B and Bauxite C with A/S of 7.82 and 3.35, the iron recoveries of 65.13% and 79.13% can be achieved with the corresponding TFe of 52.05% and 50.16% in the iron concentrates by gravity separation, respectively, resulting in the red mud discharge reduction of ~50% or above.

Reversible pump turbine (RPT)’s runner inter-blade flow unsteadiness onset and development especially under off-design conditions is still one of unresolved issues, yet continues to cause different complications on a daily basis within pumped storage power plants, detrimental pressure pulsations and resulting structural vibrations among others. Though different methods have been used to solve the issue at hand, an adequate solution suitable for all designs has not yet been found; a fact that calls for a more deep understanding in terms of RPT runner flow dynamics and possible influencing parameters. Therefore, the present study seeks to investigate the RPT flow dynamics and associated runner inlet pressure pulsations under off-design operating conditions, as well as the effect of runner blade number on the same. Three RPT models with different runner blade numbers were numerically investigated. The results showed that runner flow unsteadiness has a close relationship with the machine flow conditions, where flow vortices are mostly located at the runner shroud and vicinities. The runner flow unsteadiness decreased with the increasing blade number. The runner blade number considerably influenced runner inlet pressure pulsations where pulsation levels of models with 9 and 10 blades were the highest and lowest respectively.

Viscoelastic fluid naturally has both viscous and elastic properties. Therefore, there are two sources of nonlinear effects, namely inertial and elastic nonlinearities. The existence of elastic nonlinearity brings about various interesting flow phenomena in viscoelastic fluid flow, especially in microfluidics where the inertial nonlinearity can be negligible while the elastic nonlinearity can dominate the flow. Specifically, purely elasticity-induced instability and turbulence can occur in microchannels when the elastic nonlinearity is strong enough. Recently, those intriguing properties of viscoelastic fluid flow have motivated lots of researches on taking viscoelastic fluid as working fluid in different types of microfluidic devices, such as micro-mixers, micro heat exchangers, logic microfluidic circuits and particle manipulation. This paper aims to provide a state-of-the-art review of the nonlinear effect of viscoelastic fluids and its applications in the aforementioned microfluidic fields, which may provide a useful guidance for the researchers who are interested in this area.

This work analyzes the operation conditions of the wavy-tilt-dam (WTD) mechanical seal under different structural parameters using the DNS method. The pressure difference within the liquid film is considered due to the complicated constructor of the WTD mechanical seal. The effects of the main structural parameters on the mechanical seal are studied, including the film thickness, taper, dam-width ratio, and waviness amplitude. Numerical results show that the increase of base film thickness will increase the leakage rate and decrease the opening force. The larger taper will lead to a higher leakage rate and opening force. As the taper increases, the stiffness increases first and then decreases. As the dam-width ratio increases, the leakage rate, the opening force, and the stiffness will increase correspondingly. The waviness amplitude has a small effect on these three performance parameters. Besides, the comparisons between the Reynolds approximation and the DNS technique show that the Reynolds approximation can be applied to analyze the leakage rate under different thicknesses, small tapers, and large dam-width ratios. The opening force under small thickness, different tapers, and different dam-width ratios can also be considered using the Reynolds approximation. To ensure the safe and stable operation of RCP, the optimal structural parameters can be set as taper β = 600 μrad, dam-width ratio ϖ = 0.2, waviness amplitude α = 0.8, and wavenumber k = 9.

Background Eosinophilic cystitis (EC) is a rare inflammatory disease characterized by the gathering and infiltration of numerous eosinophilia (EOS) in the bladder wall. Because of Few cases of EC have been reported globally, the epidemiology of EC is not well known. We report herein the details of one very scarce case of large tumor-like eosinophilic cystitis complicated with cystitis glandularis (CG) diagnosed by biopsy. Case presentation A 45-year-old Chinese man was referred to our hospital for the treatment of right lumbago and odynuria. Ultrasound examination indicated the low echo on the right portion wall and the neck of the bladder. Computed tomography showed a remarkable enhancing large mass that measured 5.0 cm × 2.3 cm located on the right portion of the bladder with undefined margin. For further treatment, diagnostic transurethral resection of the bladder was performed, the postoperative histopathological diagnosis was EC complicated with CG. After transurethral resection, antibiotics, glucocorticoids, and antihistamines were treated. The patient recovered uneventfully and was discharged on postoperative day 8 without evidence of recurrence followed-up for 6 months. Conclusion Large tumor-like eosinophilic cystitis complicated with cystitis glandularis is rare, malignant tumors need to be ruled out. We deem that prompt biopsy led to the exact diagnosis, appropriate treatment led to better prognosis.

Background: We aimed to build a novel model with metastasis-related genes (MTGs) signature and relevant clinical parameters for predicting progression-free interval (PFI) after surgery for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).Methods: We performed a bioinformatic analysis of integrated PTC datasets with the MTGs to identify differentially expressed MTGs (DE-MTGs). Then we generated PFI-related DE-MTGs and established a novel MTGs based signature. After that, we validated the signature on multiple datasets and PTC cell lines. Further, we carried out uni- and multivariate analysis to identify independent prognostic characters. Finally, we established a signature and clinical parameters-based nomogram for predicting the PFI of PTC. Results: We identified 155 DE-MTGs related to PFI in PTC. The functional enrichment analysis showed that the DE-MTGs were associated with an essential oncogenic process. Consequently, we found a novel 10-gene signature and could distinguish patients with poorer prognoses and predicted PFI accurately. The novel signature had a C-index of 0.76 and the relevant nomogram had a C-index of 0.80. Also, it was closely related to pivotal clinical characters of datasets and invasiveness of cell lines. And the signature was confirmed a significant independent prognostic factor in PTC. Finally, we built a nomogram by including the signature and relevant clinical factors. Validation analysis showed that the nomogram's efficacy was satisfying in predicting PTC’s PFI. Conclusions: The MTG signature and nomogram were closely associated with PTC prognosis and may help clinicians improve the individualized prediction of PFI, especially for high-risk patients after surgery.

The dynamic behavior during load rejection process of a reversible pump-turbine is numerically investigated based on the dynamic grid method. For the dynamic characteristics, the external features like runner rotation speed, torque and flow rate are analyzed. Then the time-frequency characteristics of pressure fluctuations at different positions (like guide vane, vaneless space, runner inlet and draft tube) are discussed in details. During the unsteady process of load rejection, four peculiar frequency bands, are identified and their sources are assessed. These frequency bands are 2 low frequency-high amplitude components, marked as zones a and b, which occur around the zero-torque condition. Another 2 high frequency-high amplitude components, marked as zones c and d, appear near the maximum reversed flow condition. Besides, the rotor-stator interaction plays an important role in the pressure pulsation bands distribution, showing components multiples of runner rotational frequency. They could propagate towards both upstream and downstream. For reversed flow condition, it is also found that the entrance flow from draft tube into runner contributes most energy to the pressure fluctuations.

A precursor of cobaltous dihydroxycarbonate was firstly prepared by precipitation reaction of cobalt sulfate solution and ammonium carbonate solution, and then a hydrothermal process for the precursor was conducted to obtain the spherical cobalt carbonate with low sulfur content. The experimental results show that the feeding method, final pH value of the precipitation reaction slurry and the concentration of the cobalt sulfate solution have obvious effects on the sulfur content, morphology and particle size distribution of the precursor. The sulfur content of the precursor is 0.0115 wt.% under the optimized conditions. The hydrothermal treatment with temperatures of 125−150 °C can transform the precursor of cobaltous dihydroxycarbonate into spherical cobalt carbonate and decrease the sulfur content to 0.0030 wt.% in the obtained product.