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An inductively coupled plasma etching process to fabricate notched long-period fiber gratings for CO2gas sensing is proposed in this article. In the gas sensing test, the 15% mixed CO2gas was used for characterization of CO2adsorption by the amine-modified nanoporous silica foams of the notched long-period fiber grating sensor. The results shows the spectra were changed with the CO2gas flow within 13 min. During the absorption process, the transmission of the resonant dip was decreased by 2.884 dB. Therefore, the proposed notched long-period fiber grating gas sensor shows good performance and is suitable as a gas sensor for monitoring the CO2adsorption process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The bay is the most susceptible area in the marine to human interference. It is of significance for maintaining ecological security of the bay to build an assessment framework of losses of bay ecosystem services caused by the C9 leakage event and evaluate it quantitatively. This study used market value, alternative cost, carbon tax and emergy analysis methods to construct a monetary value evaluation model for the lossses of key ecosystem services (food production, gas regulation, climate regulation, waste treatment, human health, nutrient cycling, species diversity maintenance, and recreation entertainment) caused by C9 leakage accident, and analyzed the losses of x-Bay ecosystem services. The results showed that total value of the losses of ecosystem services caused by C9 spill was 1.93×10 8 yuan, and the monetary value of loss per unit area was 1.19×10 8 yuan·km -2 , which was more than 2800 times of the general marine oil spill events. Among all the components, the loss of food production services accounted for 77.1% of the total, being much higher than the impact of the general marine oil spills on human production and life. Our results could provide references to the assessment of ecosystem services loss caused by toxic substances like C9, and to the government decision-making and national territory spatial planning.