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264 results on '"Wong, Won Fen"'

9. Chemical profiling and cytotoxicity screening of agarwood essential oil (Aquilaria sinensis) in brine shrimp nauplii and cancer cell lines.

Author

Chan, Sook Wah, Mahmoud, Valizadeh Lakeh, Wang, Xin, Teoh, Ming-Li, Loh, Kar Min, Ng, Chun Howe, Wong, Won Fen, and Looi, Chung Yeng

Subjects
ARTEMIA, GAS chromatography/Mass spectrometry (GC-MS), ESSENTIAL oils, BIOACTIVE compounds, SESQUITERPENES
Abstract

Agarwood essential oil (AEO) has gained attention from healthcare industries due to its numerous pharmacological properties. However, a comprehensive understanding of the chemical composition and its cytotoxic property is lacking. The objective of this study was to investigate the chemical profile as well as the cytotoxic concentration range of AEO derived from Aquilaria sinensis agarwood. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was employed to identify the AEO components. Results showed that sesquiterpenes and sesquiterpenoids constitute 95.85% of the AEO. Among the major compounds identified are allo-aromadendrene (13.04%), dihydro-eudesmol (8.81%), α-eudesmol (8.48%), bulnesol (7.63%), τ-cadinol (4.95%), dehydrofukinone (3.83%), valerenol (3.54%), cis-nerolidol (2.75%), agarospirol (2.72%), dehydrojinkoh-eremol (2.53%), selina-3,11-dien-9-al (2.36%), guaiol (2.12%) and caryophyllene oxide (2.0%). The presence of volatile quality marker compounds such as 10-epi-ϒ-eudesmol, aromadendrane, β-agarofuran, α-agarofuran, γ-eudesmol, agarospirol and guaiol, with no contaminants detected, indicates that the extracted AEO is of high purity. Interestingly, the AEO displayed moderate to high toxicity in brine shrimp lethality test (BLST). All studied tumor cell lines (MDA-MB-231, HepG2, B16F10) exhibited varying degrees of sensitivity to AEO, which resulted in time and dose-dependent reduction of cell proliferation. Moreover, flow cytometry analysis revealed that AEO could induce apoptosis in treated HepG2 cells. Our findings showed that AEO contains bioactive components that may be exploited in future studies for the development of anti-cancer therapeutics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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36. The Immunobiology of Nipah Virus

Author

Liew, Yvonne Jing Mei, primary, Ibrahim, Puteri Ainaa S., additional, Ong, Hui Ming, additional, Chong, Chee Ning, additional, Tan, Chong Tin, additional, Schee, Jie Ping, additional, Gómez Román, Raúl, additional, Cherian, Neil George, additional, Wong, Won Fen, additional, and Chang, Li-Yen, additional

Published
2022
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37. Dengue Infection - Recent Advances in Disease Pathogenesis in the Era of COVID-19

Author

Yong, Yean Kong, Wong, Won Fen, Vignesh, Ramachandran, Chattopadhyay, Indranil, Velu, Vijayakumar, Tan, Hong Yien, Zhang, Ying, Larsson, Marie, Shankar, Esaki M., Yong, Yean Kong, Wong, Won Fen, Vignesh, Ramachandran, Chattopadhyay, Indranil, Velu, Vijayakumar, Tan, Hong Yien, Zhang, Ying, Larsson, Marie, and Shankar, Esaki M.

Abstract

The dynamics of host-virus interactions, and impairment of the hosts immune surveillance by dengue virus (DENV) serotypes largely remain ambiguous. Several experimental and preclinical studies have demonstrated how the virus brings about severe disease by activating immune cells and other key elements of the inflammatory cascade. Plasmablasts are activated during primary and secondary infections, and play a determinative role in severe dengue. The cross-reactivity of DENV immune responses with other flaviviruses can have implications both for cross-protection and severity of disease. The consequences of a cross-reactivity between DENV and anti-SARS-CoV-2 responses are highly relevant in endemic areas. Here, we review the latest progress in the understanding of dengue immunopathogenesis and provide suggestions to the development of target strategies against dengue., Funding Agencies|Xiamen University Malaysia [XMUMRF/2018-C2/ILAB/0001, XMUMRF/2020-C5/ITCM/0003, XMURF/2018-C1/ENG/0005]; NIH [R01AI148377]; Emory University CFAR [P30 AI050409]; NIH Office of Research Infrastructure Programs [P51 OD011132, U42 OD011023]; Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency; SIDA SARC; Linkoeping University Hospital Research Fund; CALF; Swedish Society of Medicine [AI52731]; Department of Science and Technology-Science and Engineering Research Board, Government of India [CRG/2019/006096]

Published
2022
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38. Additional file 1 of Analgesic, anti-inflammatory and NF-��B inhibitory activity of aerial parts of Cestrum diurnum

Author

Khatun, Amina, Rahman, Mahmudur, Nesa, Mst. Luthfun, Looi, Chung Yeng, Wong, Won Fen, Hazni, Hazrina, bin Mahdzir, Mohamad Azrul, Uddin, Shaikh Jamal, Awang, Khalijah, and Shilpi, Jamil A.

Abstract

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Total ion chromatogram (TIC) of C. diurnum extract. Figure S2. MS spectrum of C. diurnum extract at 24.72 min. Figure S3. MS spectrum of C. diurnum extract at 32.26 min. Figure S4. MS spectrum of C. diurnum extract at 24.97 min. Figure S5. MS spectrum of C. diurnum extract at 21.58 min. Figure S6. MS spectrum of C. diurnum extract at 23.28 min. Figure S7. MS spectrum of C. diurnum extract at 29.44 min. Figure S8. MS spectrum of C. diurnum extract at 21.58 min. Figure S9. MS spectrum of C. diurnum extract at 32.69 min.

Published
2022
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40. Influx of podoplanin‐expressing inflammatory macrophages into the genital tract following Chlamydia infection.

Author

Chan, Yee Teng, Cheok, Yi Ying, Cheong, Heng Choon, Tan, Grace Min Yi, Seow, Shi Rui, Tang, Ting Fang, Sulaiman, Sofiah, Looi, Chung Yeng, Gupta, Rishein, Arulanandam, Bernard, and Wong, Won Fen

Subjects
PODOPLANIN, CHLAMYDIA infections, GENITALIA, CHLAMYDIA trachomatis, MACROPHAGES, PELVIC inflammatory disease, CELL migration inhibition
Abstract

Genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection remains a major health issue as it causes severe complications including pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy and infertility in females as a result of infection‐associated chronic inflammation. Podoplanin, a transmembrane receptor, has been previously reported on inflammatory macrophages. Thus, strategies that specifically target podoplanin might be able to reduce local inflammation. This study investigated the expression level and function of podoplanin in a C. trachomatis infection model. C57BL/6 mice infected with the mouse pathogen Chlamydia muridarum were examined intermittently from days 1 to 60 using flow cytometry analysis. Percentages of conventional macrophages (CD11b+CD11c−F4/80+) versus inflammatory macrophages (CD11b+CD11c+F4/80+), and the expression of podoplanin in these cells were investigated. Subsequently, a podoplanin‐knockout RAW264.7 cell was used to evaluate the function of podoplanin in C. trachomatis infection. Our findings demonstrated an increased CD11b+ cell volume in the spleen at day 9 after the infection, with augmented podoplanin expression, especially among the inflammatory macrophages. A large number of podoplanin‐expressing macrophages were detected in the genital tract of C. muridarum–infected mice. Furthermore, analysis of the C. trachomatis–infected patients demonstrated a higher percentage of podoplanin‐expressing monocytes than that in the noninfected controls. Using an in vitro infection in a transwell migration assay, we identified that macrophages deficient in podoplanin displayed defective migratory function toward C. trachomatis–infected HeLa 229 cells. Lastly, using immunoprecipitation–mass spectrometry method, we identified two potential podoplanin interacting proteins, namely, Cofilin 1 and Talin 1 actin‐binding proteins. The present study reports a role of podoplanin in directing macrophage migration to the chlamydial infection site. Our results suggest a potential for reducing inflammation in individuals with chronic chlamydial infections by targeting podoplanin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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49. Chlamydia and Its Many Ways of Escaping the Host Immune System

Author

Wong, Won Fen, Chambers, James P., Gupta, Rishein, and Arulanandam, Bernard P.

Subjects
Article Subject
Abstract

The increasing number of new cases of Chlamydia infection worldwide may be attributed to the pathogen’s ability to evade various host immune responses. Summarized here are means of evasion utilized by Chlamydia enabling survival in a hostile host environment. The pathogen's persistence involves a myriad of molecular interactions manifested in a variety of ways, e.g., formation of membranous intracytoplasmic inclusions and cytokine-induced amino acid synthesis, paralysis of phagocytic neutrophils, evasion of phagocytosis, inhibition of host cell apoptosis, suppression of antigen presentation, and induced expression of a check point inhibitor of programmed host cell death. Future studies could focus on the targeting of these molecules associated with immune evasion, thus limiting the spread and tissue damage caused by this pathogen.

Published
2019
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