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The idea of preparing a technical document for the repairs and interventions upon concrete structures goes back to the former fib COM 5: Structural Service Life Aspects, being the goal of the then TG 5.9. After a long period of reduced activity, and taking into account the reorganization of fib commissions that meanwhile took place, on June 2017 a different approach was proposed to push forward the task of TG 8.1 (formerly TG 5.9).The (new) goal of TG 8.1 was to deliver a ‘how-to-do’ guide, gathering together protection, repair, and strengthening techniques for concrete structures. Chapters are intended to provide both guidelines and case-studies, serving as support to the application of fib MC 2020 pre-normative specifications.Each chapter was written by an editorial team comprising desirably at least a researcher, a designer and a contractor. Templates have been prepared in order to harmonize the contents and the presentation of the different methods. Following the writing process, chapters were reviewed by experts and, after amendments by the authors, they underwent a second review process by COM 8 and TG 3.4 members, as well as by different practitioners.For each protection, repair and strengthening method addressed in this guide, readers have a description of when to adopt it, which materials and systems are required, which techniques are available, and what kind of equipment is needed. It then presents a summary of stakeholders’ roles and qualifications, design guidelines referring to most relevant codes and references, the intervention procedure, quality control measures and monitoring and maintenance activities. Due to the extent of the guide, it was decided to publish it as bulletin 102, addressing protection and repair methods, and bulletin 103, addressing strengthening methods.We would like to thank the authors, reviewers and members of COM 8 and TG 3.4 for their work in developing this fib Bulletin, which we hope will be useful for professionals working in the field of existing concrete structures, especially those concerned with life-cycle management and conservation activities.As noted above, this Bulletin is also intended to act as a background and supporting document to the next edition of the fib Model Code for Concrete Structures, which is currently under development under the auspices of TG10.1 with the working title of ‘fib Model Code 2020’.Eduardo Júlio and Eduardo Cavaco

The monolithic integration of a tunable V-coupled-cavity laser based on half-wave multimode interference reflector (MIR-VCL) with a travelling-wave Mach-Zehnder modulator (TW-MZM) on generic InP foundry platform is present in this paper. The formation mechanism of pi-coupling-phase difference and the contradiction among loss, optimal coupling phase difference and optimal coupling coefficients of half-wave coupler are analyzed. Single electrode tuning of 11 channels of about 7.3nm wavelength range is obtained, which is determined by the cavity length and the 10% cavity length difference. Among the whole wavelength tuning range, the side mode suppression ratios (SMSRs) are all above 35dB and the typical one is about 42dB. The Mach-Zehnder modulator with optimized travelling wave electrode is integrated with the MIR-VCL by two two-ports MIRs, which could provide optical feedback for laser and CW light for MZM in the meantime. The monolithic integrated transmitter on generic InP platform is free of complicated fabrication process of grating structure and has good potential for cost effective applications.