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We investigate how management quality moderates the impact of carbon pricing on Chinese firms. Based on interviews with managers and lead engineers at manufacturing firms in Hubei and Beijing, we construct a novel index of climate-change-related management practices and link it to firm data from various sources. We document higher average productivity and more green innovation among firms that are well managed according to the index. In an event study of the introduction of regional cap-and-trade schemes for CO2, we analyze how management quality interacts with treatment. While treated firms reduced coal consumption more than control firms, this effect is statistically significant only for well-managed firms. The reduction could have been 25% greater if badly managed firms had been well managed. Our study highlights that good management practices, in particular energy monitoring, enhance the effectiveness of market-based climate policies by enabling firms to rationally comply with those policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on two cross-sectional probability samples (Study 1: N = 1,382, Study 2: N = 1,587), we studied the interplay between positive and negative intergroup contact, different types of intergroup emotions (i.e., episodic intergroup emotions encountered during contact and more general chronic intergroup emotions), and outgroup behavior in the context of intergroup relations between non-immigrant Germans and foreigners living in Germany. In Study 1, we showed that positive and negative contact are related to specific episodic intergroup emotions (i.e., anger, fear and happiness). Results of Study 2 indicate an indirect effect of episodic intergroup emotions encountered during contact experiences on specific behavioral tendencies directed at outgroup members via more chronic situation-independent intergroup emotions. As expected, anger predicted approaching (discriminatory) behavioral tendencies (i.e., aggression) while fear predicted avoidance. The results extend the existing literature on intergroup contact and emotions by addressing positive and negative contact simultaneously and differentiating between situation-specific episodic and chronic intergroup emotions in predicting discriminatory behavioral tendencies.

Abstract: Germany is a safe country. Nonetheless, the number of reports about violence against rescue workers, fire brigades, the police and others has increased in recent times. The violence probably originates from a specific population segment that lives under certain violence-promoting conditions. The similarity of the violent events over time and at different locations could indicate that these forms of violence will become a "normal" expression of discontent. Prevention is therefore urgently needed. There are effective violence prevention programs primarily attached to the education system. However, improved coordination of these interventions is essential. Although most perpetrators of violence are male youths and young adults, violence prevention programs specific for this target group seem to be missing. Therefore, a program for prevention through participation is outlined that addresses especially the needs of less integrated youths and young adults. In this context, measures of inclusive urban planning, where all groups are involved in different aspects of designing public space, could be of particular importance. For the planning of future prevention programs, a reliable description of the phenomenology of the current violent acts is needed as well as in-depth scientific analyses of the underlying processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]