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2. Fast neutron background characterization of the future Ricochet experiment at the ILL research nuclear reactor

Author

C. Augier, G. Baulieu, V. Belov, L. Berge, J. Billard, G. Bres, J-. L. Bret, A. Broniatowski, M. Calvo, A. Cazes, D. Chaize, M. Chapellier, L. Chaplinsky, G. Chemin, R. Chen, J. Colas, M. De Jesus, P. de Marcillac, L. Dumoulin, O. Exshaw, S. Ferriol, E. Figueroa-Feliciano, J. -B. Filippini, J. A. Formaggio, S. Fuard, J. Gascon, A. Giuliani, J. Goupy, C. Goy, C. Guerin, E. Guy, P. Harrington, S. T. Heine, S. A. Hertel, M. Heusch, C. F. Hirjibehedin, Z. Hong, J.-C. Ianigro, Y. Jin, J. P. Johnston, A. Juillard, D. Karaivanov, S. Kazarcev, J. Lamblin, H. Lattaud, M. Li, A. Lubashevskiy, S. Marnieros, D. W. Mayer, J. Minet, D. Misiak, J-.L. Mocellin, A. Monfardini, F. Mounier, W. D. Oliver, E. Olivieri, C. Oriol, P. K. Patel, E. Perbet, H. D. Pinckney, D. Poda, D. Ponomarev, F. Rarbi, J.-S. Real, T. Redon, A. Robert, S. Rozov, I. Rozova, T. Salagnac, V. Sanglard, B. Schmidt, Ye. Shevchik, V. Sibille, T. Soldner, J. Stachurska, A. Stutz, L. Vagneron, W. Van De Pontseele, F. Vezzu, S. Weber, L. Winslow, E. Yakushev, D. Zinatulina, and the Ricochet Collaboration

Subjects
Astrophysics, QB460-466, Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract

Abstract The future Ricochet experiment aims at searching for new physics in the electroweak sector by providing a high precision measurement of the Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering (CENNS) process down to the sub-100 eV nuclear recoil energy range. The experiment will deploy a kg-scale low-energy-threshold detector array combining Ge and Zn target crystals 8.8 m away from the 58 MW research nuclear reactor core of the Institut Laue Langevin (ILL) in Grenoble, France. Currently, the Ricochet Collaboration is characterizing the backgrounds at its future experimental site in order to optimize the experiment’s shielding design. The most threatening background component, which cannot be actively rejected by particle identification, consists of keV-scale neutron-induced nuclear recoils. These initial fast neutrons are generated by the reactor core and surrounding experiments (reactogenics), and by the cosmic rays producing primary neutrons and muon-induced neutrons in the surrounding materials. In this paper, we present the Ricochet neutron background characterization using $$^3$$ 3 He proportional counters which exhibit a high sensitivity to thermal, epithermal and fast neutrons. We compare these measurements to the Ricochet Geant4 simulations to validate our reactogenic and cosmogenic neutron background estimations. Eventually, we present our estimated neutron background for the future Ricochet experiment and the resulting CENNS detection significance. Our results show that depending on the effectiveness of the muon veto, we expect a total nuclear recoil background rate between 44 ± 3 and 9 ± 2 events/day/kg in the CENNS region of interest, i.e. between 50 eV and 1 keV. We therefore found that the Ricochet experiment should reach a statistical significance of 4.6 to 13.6 $$\sigma $$ σ for the detection of CENNS after one reactor cycle, when only the limiting neutron background is considered.

Published
2023
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3. Porcine single nucleotide polymorphisms and their functional effect: an update

Author

B. N. Keel, D. J. Nonneman, A. K. Lindholm-Perry, W. T. Oliver, and G. A. Rohrer

Subjects
Swine, Genome sequence, Functional variation, Loss-of-function, Medicine, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Science (General), Q1-390
Abstract

Abstract Objective To aid in the development of a comprehensive list of functional variants in the swine genome, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were identified from whole genome sequence of 240 pigs. Interim data from 72 animals in this study was published in 2017. This communication extends our previous work not only by utilizing genomic sequence from additional animals, but also by the use of the newly released Sscrofa 11.1 reference genome. Results A total of 26,850,263 high confidence SNP were identified, including 19,015,267 reported in our previously published results. Variation was detected in the coding sequence or untranslated regions (UTR) of 78% of the genes in the porcine genome: 1729 loss-of-function variants were predicted in 1162 genes, 12,686 genes contained 64,232 nonsynonymous variants, 250,403 variants were present in UTR of 15,739 genes, and 15,284 genes contained 90,939 synonymous variants. In total, approximately 316,000 SNP were classified as being of high to moderate impact (i.e. loss-of-function, nonsynonymous, or regulatory). These high to moderate impact SNP will be the focus of future genome-wide association studies.

Published
2018
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4. Demonstration of Density Matrix Exponentiation Using a Superconducting Quantum Processor

Author

M. Kjaergaard, M. E. Schwartz, A. Greene, G. O. Samach, A. Bengtsson, M. O’Keeffe, C. M. McNally, J. Braumüller, D. K. Kim, P. Krantz, M. Marvian, A. Melville, B. M. Niedzielski, Y. Sung, R. Winik, J. Yoder, D. Rosenberg, K. Obenland, S. Lloyd, T. P. Orlando, I. Marvian, S. Gustavsson, and W. D. Oliver

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

Density matrix exponentiation (DME) is a general technique for using a quantum state ρ to enact the quantum operation e^{-iρθ} on a target system. It was first proposed in the context of quantum machine learning, but has since been shown to have broad applications in quantum metrology and computation. No experimental demonstration of DME has been performed thus far due to its demanding circuit depths and the need to efficiently generate multiple identical copies of ρ during the finite lifetime of the target system. In this work, we describe the first demonstration of the DME algorithm, which we accomplish using a superconducting quantum processor. Our demonstration relies on a 99.7% fidelity controlled-phase gate implemented using two tunable superconducting transmon qubits. We achieve a fidelity surpassing 90% at circuit depths exceeding 70 when comparing the output of the circuit executed on our quantum processor to a simulation assuming perfect operations and measurements.

Published
2022
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5. Autopsy Standardized Mortality Review: A Pilot Study Offering a Methodology for Improved Patient Outcomes

Author

C. A. Early BS, M. G. F. Gilliland MD, K. L. Kelly MD, W. R. Oliver MD, and P. J. Kragel MD

Subjects
Pathology, RB1-214
Abstract

A standardized mortality review of hospital autopsies identified discrepancies between clinical diagnoses and autopsy findings, unexpected deaths, adequacy of diagnostic workup, presence of adverse event, and type of a quality issue if present. The standardized review elements were chosen based on a review of quality metrics commonly used by hospitals. The review was completed by the pathologist based on their initial autopsy findings. The final autopsy report was later reviewed to confirm the initial review findings. Major discrepancies in diagnosis were categorized as class I or II based on the modified Goldman criteria. Ninety-six hospital autopsy cases from January 2015 to February 2018 were included in the study. The overall major discrepancy rate was 27%. Class I discrepancies, where a diagnosis found at autopsy might have improved survival had it been made premortem, were identified in 16% of cases. Categories associated with increased discrepancy rates included unexpected deaths, inadequate workup, abnormal labs or imaging not addressed, and certain quality issues. Deaths not expected at admission but expected at the time of death, those with adverse events, those within 48 hours of a procedure, those within 48 hours of admission, those with physician-specific quality issues, and those with system or process issues were not significantly related to diagnostic accuracy.

Published
2019
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6. Lyophilized B. subtilis ZB183 Spores: 90-Day Repeat Dose Oral (Gavage) Toxicity Study in Wistar Rats

Author

B. Appala Naidu, Kamala Kannan, D. P. Santhosh Kumar, John W. K. Oliver, and Zachary D. Abbott

Subjects
Toxicology. Poisons, RA1190-1270
Abstract

A 90-day repeated-dose oral toxicological evaluation was conducted according to GLP and OECD guidelines on lyophilized spores of the novel genetically modified strain B. subtilis ZB183. Lyophilized spores at doses of 109, 1010, and 1011 CFU/kg body weight/day were administered by oral gavage to Wistar rats for a period of 90 consecutive days. B. subtilis ZB183 had no effects on clinical signs, mortality, ophthalmological examinations, functional observational battery, body weights, body weight gains and food consumption in both sexes. There were no test item-related changes observed in haematology, coagulation, urinalysis, thyroid hormonal analysis, terminal fasting body weights, organ weights, gross pathology and histopathology. A minimal increase in the plasma albumin level was observed at 1010 and 1011 CFU/kg/day doses without an increase in total protein in males or females and was considered a nonadverse effect. The “No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL)” is defined at the highest dose of 1011 CFU/kg body weight/day for lyophilized B. subtilis ZB183 Spores under the test conditions employed.

Published
2019
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7. Single-shot read-out of a superconducting qubit using a Josephson parametric oscillator

Author

Philip Krantz, Andreas Bengtsson, Michaël Simoen, Simon Gustavsson, Vitaly Shumeiko, W. D. Oliver, C. M. Wilson, Per Delsing, and Jonas Bylander

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Efficient qubit readout is essential for quantum information technology, which requires sufficient recognition of signal from noise. Here, Krantz et al. propose a simplified technique using a Josephson parametric oscillator, demonstrating single-shot readout performance of a superconducting qubit.

Published
2016
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8. Resonance Fluorescence from an Artificial Atom in Squeezed Vacuum

Author

D. M. Toyli, A. W. Eddins, S. Boutin, S. Puri, D. Hover, V. Bolkhovsky, W. D. Oliver, A. Blais, and I. Siddiqi

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

We present an experimental realization of resonance fluorescence in squeezed vacuum. We strongly couple microwave-frequency squeezed light to a superconducting artificial atom and detect the resulting fluorescence with high resolution enabled by a broadband traveling-wave parametric amplifier. We investigate the fluorescence spectra in the weak and strong driving regimes, observing up to 3.1 dB of reduction of the fluorescence linewidth below the ordinary vacuum level and a dramatic dependence of the Mollow triplet spectrum on the relative phase of the driving and squeezed vacuum fields. Our results are in excellent agreement with predictions for spectra produced by a two-level atom in squeezed vacuum [Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, 2539 (1987)], demonstrating that resonance fluorescence offers a resource-efficient means to characterize squeezing in cryogenic environments.

Published
2016
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9. Measurement of singleπ0production by coherent neutral-currentνFe interactions in the MINOS Near Detector

Author

N. Graf, R. Gran, P. J. Litchfield, M. Bishai, M. Orchanian, K. Grzelak, L. Mualem, S. De Rijck, D. Torretta, M. Kordosky, D. Cronin-Hennessy, R. K. Plunkett, L. Corwin, Carlos Escobar, S. Phan-Budd, Andrew Blake, R. J. Nichol, A. Sousa, M. A. Thomson, J. K. De Jong, A. Perch, J. Hartnell, A. Timmons, H. R. Gallagher, P. Sail, P. Gouffon, S. Moed Sher, N. E. Devenish, A. Holin, R. Zwaska, R. C. Webb, B. Viren, C. Rosenfeld, G. M. Irwin, P. Schreiner, R. Chen, R. Toner, Gregory J Pawloski, M. V. Frohne, P. Adamson, C. M. Castromonte, B. Rebel, M. D. Messier, G. J. Feldman, L. Whitehead, S. Childress, R. L. Talaga, G. Tzanakos, C. James, S. V. Cao, S. M. S. Kasahara, Subhasmita Mishra, C. L. McGivern, G. Koizumi, C. D. Moore, D. A. Jensen, Joao A B Coelho, X. Tian, X. Qiu, A. Schreckenberger, J. Schneps, N. Mayer, D. Cherdack, J. C. Thomas, J. J. Evans, M. M. Pfützner, S. Germani, T. Kafka, A. E. Kreymer, J. K. Nelson, E. Falk, J. Todd, Warner A. Miller, Mcd Sanchez, H. A. Rubin, Z. Isvan, Marvin L Marshak, Christopher G. White, D. Naples, J. M. Paley, A. V. Devan, J. Urheim, R. Sharma, R. B. Pahlka, L. H. Whitehead, D. D. Phan, W. P. Oliver, P. Vahle, M. Y. Gabrielyan, R. A. Gomes, N. Tagg, Alec Habig, Karol Lang, W. A. Mann, W. Flanagan, G.D. Barr, Junwei Huang, M. M. Medeiros, J. A. Musser, R. Hatcher, N. Poonthottathil, P. Lucas, T. J. Carroll, S. C. Tognini, G. J. Bock, Harvey B Newman, R. Mehdiyev, S. R. Hahn, R. B. Patterson, J. R. Meier, A. Radovic, D. Bogert, A. Aurisano, Stanley G. Wojcicki, J. O'Connor, J. Hylen, M. C. Goodman, M. V. Diwan, J. A. Nowak, I. Anghel, and A. C. Weber

Subjects
Physics, Neutral current, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Scattering, Detector, 01 natural sciences, NuMI, Nuclear physics, MINOS, 0103 physical sciences, Fermilab, Neutrino, 010306 general physics, Coherence (physics)
Abstract

Forward single π^0 production by coherent neutral-current interactions, νA→νAπ^0, is investigated using a 2.8×10^(20) protons-on-target exposure of the MINOS Near Detector. For single-shower topologies, the event distribution in production angle exhibits a clear excess above the estimated background at very forward angles for visible energy in the range 1–8 GeV. Cross sections are obtained for the detector medium comprised of 80% iron and 20% carbon nuclei with ⟨A⟩=48, the highest-⟨A⟩ target used to date in the study of this coherent reaction. The total cross section for coherent neutral-current single π^0 production initiated by the ν_μ flux of the NuMI low-energy beam with mean (mode) E_ν of 4.9 GeV (3.0 GeV), is 77.6±5.0(stat)^(+15.0)_(−16.8)(syst)×10^(−40) cm^2 pernucleus. The results are in good agreement with predictions of the Berger-Sehgal model.

Published
2016

10. Charge-separated atmospheric neutrino-induced muons in the MINOS far detector

Author

S. Murgia, B. Speakman, D. J. Auty, A. Lebedev, D. G. Michael, M. Zois, M. Kordosky, P. S. Miyagawa, P. Stamoulis, V. K. Semenov, A. E. Kreymer, P. Vahle, C. Howcroft, G. Tzanakos, H. R. Gallagher, G. Koizumi, J. K. De Jong, P. Lucas, N. Mayer, M. Watabe, D. J. Boehnlein, J. Reichenbacher, D. A. Harris, David Petyt, Marvin L Marshak, E. A. Peterson, M. Bishai, Warner A. Miller, Ken Heller, Mcd Sanchez, T. Joffe-Minor, Ž Pavlović, T. Kafka, M. Dierckxsens, M. A. Thomson, D. Naples, A. C. Weber, P. A. Symes, Stanley G. Wojcicki, S. M. Seun, M. Dorman, Jie Liu, K. Grzelak, M. D. Messier, S. Childress, R. Piteira, S. R. Mishra, Niki Saoulidou, G. F. Pearce, V. A. Ryabov, E. Buckley-Geer, J. Boehm, J. J. Evans, D. Rahman, S. Avvakumov, G. Tinti, A. Holin, T. Bergfeld, S. M S Kasahara, A. D. Marino, R. C. Webb, J. A. Thompson, Jorge G. Morfin, J. Hylen, R. H. Bernstein, A. Para, M. C. Goodman, M. Ishitsuka, Harvey B Newman, B. R. Becker, D. Bogert, D. J. Koskinen, A. Belias, Juan Pedro Ochoa-Ricoux, J. H. Cobb, T. Durkin, C. James, E. P. Hartouni, D. R. Ward, A. Mislivec, R. J. Nichol, Douglas Wright, Anatael Cabrera, I. Trostin, John Marshall, N. Grossman, T. M. Raufer, D. Bhattacharya, A. M. McGowan, S. K. Kotelnikov, K. Ruddick, E. Grashorn, H. Zheng, J. Hartnell, S. L. Mufson, R. Ospanov, T. C. Nicholls, Q. K. Wu, K. E. Arms, J. Gogos, J. Schneps, C. Rosenfeld, V. A. Tsarev, T. H. Fields, R. P. Litchfield, R. Pittam, Ruben Saakyan, Sacha E Kopp, G. M. Irwin, G. A. Giurgiu, D. Cherdack, R. Gran, G. J. Bock, H. A. Rubin, C. P. Ward, Carlos Escobar, M. V. Frohne, D. Indurthy, P. Schreiner, M. V. Diwan, A. Marchionni, C. Andreopoulos, H. J. Kang, D. E. Reyna, Andrew Blake, R. K. Plunkett, E. Falk Harris, C. D. Moore, Alec Habig, T. Osiecki, A. Sousa, Francisco Yumiceva, G. J. Feldman, W. Smart, J. Urheim, R. Armstrong, Brajesh C Choudhary, Peter D. Barnes, P. Adamson, B. C. Barish, W. P. Oliver, V. Paolone, C. R. Bower, J. L. Thron, E. Tetteh-Lartey, R. Zwaska, J. K. Nelson, R. L. Talaga, D. A. Jensen, D. E. Jaffe, A. J. Culling, E. Beall, H. Ping, D. Drakoulakos, S. Kumaratunga, B. Rebel, M. S. Kim, B. Baller, V. Smirnitsky, Philip Harris, J. A. Musser, A. De Santo, R. H. Milburn, C. White, C. W. Peck, P. J. Litchfield, P. M. Border, Karol Lang, L. Mualem, V. Verebryusov, R. A. Rameika, T. Yang, R. Hatcher, A. R. Erwin, John Derek Chapman, J. R. Meier, G. I. Merzon, N. West, D. S. Ayres, L. Jenner, William L. Barrett, P. Shanahan, B. Bock, W. A. Mann, A. Godley, P. Gouffon, R. Lee, B. Viren, R. Ford, Caleb Smith, J. M. Paley, A. A. Wehmann, N. Tagg, T. Patzak, G.D. Barr, John Miller, Juergen Thomas, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), APC - Neutrinos, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), MINOS, Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Muon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Monte Carlo method, FOS: Physical sciences, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Neutrino detector, MINOS, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, 010306 general physics, Super-Kamiokande, Neutrino oscillation, Lepton
Abstract

We found 140 neutrino-induced muons in 854.24 live days in the MINOS far detector. We looked for evidence of neutrino disappearance in this data set by computing the ratio of the number of low momentum muons to the sum of the number of high momentum and unknown momentum muons for both data and Monte Carlo expectation in the absence of neutrino oscillations. The ratio of data and Monte Carlo ratios is consistent with an oscillation signal. A fit to the data for the oscillation parameters excludes the null oscillation hypothesis at the 94% confidence level. We separated the muons by charge sign in both the data and Monte Carlo events and found the ratio of the total number of negative to positive muons in both samples. The ratio of those ratios is a test of CPT conservation. The result is consistent with CPT conservation., 14 pages, 15 figures

Published
2016

11. The SOUDAN 2 detector - The operation and performance of the tracking calorimeter modules

Author

S. Yarker, L. Balka, M. A. Thomson, L. Mualem, M. Lowe, R.J. Cotton, G. Villaume, B. Saitta, Marvin L Marshak, T. H. Fields, W. Leeson, J. Schneps, Christian P. Minor, K. Johns, N. West, D. M. DeMuth, V. W. Edwards, R. H. Milburn, Graham L. Giller, P.D. Shield, D. S. Ayres, S. Heppelmann, P. J. Litchfield, S. M S Kasahara, D. Wall, L.M. Kirby-Gallagher, H.M. Gallagher, Warner A. Miller, S. J. Werkema, C. A. Woods, N. Mondal, J. L. Thron, V. Vassiliev, E.W.G. Wallis, D. Rosen, N. Hill, D. Roback, Edward May, T. Joyce, F. V. Lopez, G.D. Barr, G. F. Pearce, Maury Goodman, J. H. Cobb, N. Sundaralingam, U. DasGupta, C.B. Brooks, W. A. Mann, H. Courant, B. Ewen, S. P. Wakely, R. H. Giles, C. Garcia-Garcia, A. Napier, J. Kochocki, E.M. Nelson, B. Dahlin, N. P. Longley, M. Shupe, D. Schmid, P. M. Border, J. H. Hoftiezer, I. Ambats, J. W. Dawson, T. Kafka, L. E. Price, L. McMaster, G. J. Alner, W.W.M. Allison, L. Weems, C. Bode, D. Benjamin, R. N. Gray, W. P. Oliver, Donald H. Perkins, U.M. Wielgosz, R. Seidlein, David Ja Cockerill, R. Nickson, W. L. Barrett, J. Schlereth, A. Stassinakis, K. Ruddick, E. A. Peterson, S. Spear, D. J. Jankowski, K. Coover, D. Maxam, and M.H. Schub

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Calorimeter (particle physics), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Plane (geometry), business.industry, Detector, Tracking (particle physics), Charged particle, Nuclear physics, Optics, Spatial reference system, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nucleon, business, Instrumentation, Image resolution
Abstract

SOUDAN 2 is a 960-ton tracking calorimeter which has been constructed to search for nucleon decay and other phenomena. The full detector consists of 224 calorimeter modules each weighing 4.3 tons. The modules consist of finely segmented iron instrumented with 1 m long drift tubes of 15 mm internal diameter. The tubes enable three spatial coordinates and dE/ dx to be recorded for charged particles traversing the tubes. The spatial resolution is 0.38 cm in the x-y plane and 0.65 cm in the z, or drift, direction. The operation and performance of the modules are discussed.

Published
2016

12. A comprehensive characterization of Hamamatsu 16-and 64-anode PMTs

Author

P. Adamson, P. S. Miyagawa, Hyun-Chul Kim, R. Lee, K. Ruddick, V. Makeev, Juergen Thomas, S. L. Mufson, S. Eilerts, J. Schneps, M. Ignatenko, G. Tzanakos, A. Para, Karol Lang, Philip Harris, M. A. Barker, A. C. Weber, J. Day, D. G. Michael, W. P. Oliver, Reinhard Schwienhorst, P.J. Dervan, P. Cushman, P. M. Border, C. R. Bower, A. De Santo, Ruben Saakyan, S. Fuqua, R. C. Webb, P. Vahle, and M. Kordosky

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, business.industry, Linearity, Anode, Optics, MINOS, Fiber, Fermilab, Photonics, Neutrino, business, Neutrino oscillation, Instrumentation
Abstract

We are reporting preliminary results of studies of R59000-00-M16 and M64 tubes, manufactured by Hamamatsu Photonics, to he employed by the MINOS neutrino experiment. Our tests focused on anode response uniformity, gain, cross-talk, and linearity for light illuminating PMTs through a 1.2mm diameter fiber. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2016

13. STUDY OF MUONS FROM THE DIRECTION OF CYGNUS-X-3 USING AN UNDERGROUND PROPORTIONAL-TUBE ARRAY

Author

L. McMaster, R. H. Milburn, David Ja Cockerill, M. Lowe, J. W. Dawson, P. D. Shield, J. H. Cobb, N. Sundaralingam, T. Kafka, R. H. Giles, P. J. Litchfield, J. Kochocki, D. Benjamin, A. Napier, Marvin L Marshak, Maury Goodman, B. Saitta, K. Ruddick, J. H. Hoftiezer, Ken Heller, W. P. Oliver, J. L. Thron, L. E. Price, K. Coover, C.B. Brooks, J. L. Schlereth, N. West, U. DasGupta, C. Garcia-Garcia, H. Courant, D. S. Ayres, L.M. Kirby-Gallagher, S. J. Werkema, G.D. Barr, W.W.M. Allison, W. L. Barrett, W. A. Mann, L. Balka, D. H. Perkins, M. Shupe, D. Schmid, B. Dahlin, D. J. Jankowski, I. Ambats, S. Heppelman, G. J. Alner, E. A. Peterson, D. Rosen, D. Roback, T. Joyce, F. V. Lopez, K. Johns, T. H. Fields, N. Hill, Warner A. Miller, G. F. Pearce, P. M. Border, M. A. Thomson, E. N. May, V. W. Edwards, and J. Schneps

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Muon, Argon, chemistry, Degree (graph theory), chemistry.chemical_element, Cosmic ray, Elementary particle, Fermion, Particle detector, Lepton
Abstract

From July 1987 through March 1988 an array of proportional wire modules was operated as a muon detector at a depth of 2090 meters water equivalent in the Soudan mine in northern Minnesota. A spatial angular resolution of 1.2{degree} was achieved for muon tracking. A clean sample of 1.02{times}10{sup 5} muon trajectories recorded underground is used to search for an excess flux of muons from the direction of Cygnus X-3. For muons within the phase interval (0.6, 0.9) of the source's 4.8-h period, 90%-C.L. upper limits for fluxes arriving within 3{degree} and 1.5{degree} half-angle cones centered on the Cygnus X-3 direction are 8.5{times}10{sup {minus}11} cm{sup {minus}2}s{sup {minus}1} and 3.1{times}10{sup {minus}11} cm{sup {minus}2}s{sup {minus}1}, respectively.

Published
2016

14. Active to sterile neutrino mixing limits from neutral-current interactions in MINOS

Author

R. B. Patterson, M. D. Messier, M. Kordosky, Andrew Blake, D. J. Auty, Christopher G. White, A. M. McGowan, R. Toner, D. S. Ayres, J. J. Evans, P. Schreiner, B. Rebel, J. R. Meier, N. Graf, Carlos Escobar, R. Zwaska, R. K. Plunkett, Xian-Rong Huang, M. V. Diwan, Sacha E Kopp, R. Gran, E. Falk, R. Pittam, M. V. Frohne, Matthew L Strait, W. A. Mann, G. M. Irwin, P. Stamoulis, Daniel P Cronin-Hennessy, Joao A B Coelho, Rakesh Sharma, G. J. Feldman, M. Dorman, P. Vahle, S. Cavanaugh, E. Tetteh-Lartey, D. J. Boehnlein, D. Cherdack, A. E. Kreymer, G. F. Pearce, Maury Goodman, J. A. Nowak, J. K. De Jong, M. Bishai, R. A. Gomes, C. Rosenfeld, X. Qiu, P. Lucas, J. Ratchford, C. D. Moore, W. H. Miller, L. Loiacono, H. R. Gallagher, Marvin L Marshak, C. Backhouse, M. Orchanian, S. Phan-Budd, A. Sousa, R. L. Talaga, J. K. Nelson, G. J. Bock, K. Grzelak, M. A. Thomson, D. Naples, P. Adamson, L. Whitehead, Stanley G. Wojcicki, J. Urheim, A. C. Weber, D. A. Harris, P. A. Rodrigues, S. M. S. Kasahara, G. Tinti, J. J. Walding, N. E. Devenish, G. Lefeuvre, S. Childress, D. A. Jensen, Gregory J Pawloski, A. Holin, L. Corwin, P. J. Litchfield, Jorge G. Morfin, N. Mayer, N. Grant, S. L. Mufson, J. A. Musser, C. James, Harvey B Newman, T. Kafka, D. Bogert, G. Tzanakos, T. C. Nicholls, R. Hatcher, R. C. Webb, G. Koizumi, J. Schneps, I. Z. Danko, H. A. Rubin, R. Mehdiyev, W. P. Oliver, D. Torretta, J. Hartnell, P. Gouffon, B. Viren, J. Ilic, S. J. Coleman, J. M. Paley, N. Tagg, G.D. Barr, M. C. Sanchez, David Petyt, Juergen Thomas, T. M. Raufer, S. R. Mishra, R. J. Nichol, Alec Habig, John C. Mitchell, D. E. Jaffe, J. Hylen, A. Himmel, Z. Isvan, L. Mualem, P. Shanahan, and Karol Lang

Subjects
Physics, Sterile neutrino, Particle physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, General Physics and Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, NuMI, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), MINOS, Measurements of neutrino speed, Muon neutrino, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Neutrino oscillation, Lepton
Abstract

Results are reported from a search for active to sterile neutrino oscillations in the MINOS long-baseline experiment, based on the observation of neutral-current neutrino interactions, from an exposure to the NuMI neutrino beam of $7.07\times10^{20}$ protons on target. A total of 802 neutral-current event candidates is observed in the Far Detector, compared to an expected number of $754\pm28\rm{(stat.)}\pm{37}\rm{(syst.)}$ for oscillations among three active flavors. The fraction $f_s$ of disappearing \numu that may transition to $\nu_s$ is found to be less than 22% at the 90% C.L., Comment: 5 pages, 3 tables, 2 figures. Published in Physical Review Letters

Published
2016

15. THE OBSERVATION OF UNDERGROUND MUONS FROM THE DIRECTION OF CYGNUS-X-3 DURING THE JANUARY 1991 RADIO FLARE

Author

N. West, D. S. Ayres, M. Lowe, R. H. Giles, J. Kochocki, L.M. Kirby-Gallagher, B. Saitta, S. J. Werkema, W. P. Oliver, Donald H. Perkins, G.D. Barr, C. A. Woods, L. E. Price, L. Balka, S. Heppelmann, J. H. Hoftiezer, J. Schneps, S. M S Kasahara, David Ja Cockerill, E. A. Peterson, Christian P. Minor, D. Rosen, W. A. Mann, D. J. Jankowski, N. P. Longley, W.W.M. Allison, W. L. Barrett, P. D. Shield, P. J. Litchfield, R. H. Milburn, D. Roback, T. Joyce, A. Napier, B. Ewen, K. Ruddick, G. F. Pearce, J. W. Dawson, V. W. Edwards, Maury Goodman, C.B. Brooks, T. Kafka, M. A. Thomson, N. Hill, J. Schlereth, G. J. Alner, C. Garcia-Garcia, Marvin L Marshak, P. M. Border, D. Benjamin, R. N. Gray, Edward May, T. H. Fields, Jack L. Uretsky, J. L. Thron, J. H. Cobb, N. Sundaralingam, Graham L. Giller, M. Shupe, D. Schmid, I. Ambats, H. Courant, K. Johns, Warner A. Miller, F. V. Lopez, and L. McMaster

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Muon, law, Detector, Astronomy, Nucleon, Flare, law.invention
Abstract

Muons recorded in the Soudan 2 underground nucleon decay detector from January 1989 to February 1991 have been examined for any correlation with the radio flares of Cygnus X-3 observed during this period. On two nearby days during the radio flare of January 1991 a total of 32 muons within 2.0° of the Cygnus X-3 direction were observed when 11.4 were expected.

Published
2016

16. The NuMI neutrino beam

Author

J. Urheim, David Petyt, S. Moed Sher, S. Phan-Budd, A. Sousa, Francisco Yumiceva, R. L. Talaga, N. E. Devenish, P. J. Litchfield, S. R. Mishra, M.L. Wong-Squires, J. A. Musser, S. Avvakumov, R. Reilly, M. Olsen, William L. Barrett, T. Yang, D. E. Jaffe, G. Tzanakos, R. H. Milburn, J. Hylen, B. Viren, S. C. Tognini, G. Koizumi, Niki Saoulidou, W. A. Mann, S. Murgia, J. K. Nelson, Maury Goodman, B. Baller, A. Perch, D. Michael, C. M. Castromonte, S. Childress, J. Johnstone, J. Biggs, R. J. Nichol, Alec Habig, P. Schreiner, D. A. Jensen, M. M. Medeiros, M. A. Thomson, K. Vaziri, Stanley G. Wojcicki, J. P. Cravens, R. H. Bernstein, A. Para, A. V. Devan, J. J. Evans, M. M. Pfützner, P. Shanahan, A. Holin, D. Crane, H. R. Gallagher, N. Tagg, Christopher G. White, R. C. Webb, J. A. Thompson, E. Falk, A. Radovic, C. Rosenfeld, D. A. Harris, M. P. Andrews, M. C. Sanchez, R. B. Pahlka, Brajesh C Choudhary, E. A. Peterson, R. Ford, Leigh H. Whitehead, N. Poonthottathil, A. C. Weber, A. R. Erwin, G.D. Barr, Junwei Huang, L. Loiacono, J. Schneps, D. Bogert, D. S. Ayres, R. Hatcher, K. Bourkland, L. H. Whitehead, J. K. De Jong, J.H. Cobb, Karol Lang, G. Vogel, Harvey B Newman, R. Andrews, P. Adamson, D. J. Harding, D. Pushka, A. Marchionni, Scott Osprey, X. Tian, I. Anghel, I. Trostin, Gregory J Pawloski, R. A. Rameika, John Miller, S. M. S. Kasahara, M. V. Diwan, Jorge G. Morfin, Juergen Thomas, N. Mayer, Ahmed Ibrahim, S. V. Cao, A. Aurisano, G. M. Irwin, C. James, Kevin Anderson, G. J. Feldman, J. R. Meier, N. Graf, R. Webber, Caleb Smith, J. M. Paley, W. Smart, A. A. Wehmann, D. Cronin-Hennessy, A. Stefanik, J. A. Nowak, D. Tinsley, P. Gouffon, R. Mehdiyev, P. Vahle, R. A. Gomes, T. Patzak, G. Tassotto, D. J. Boehnlein, T. H. Fields, C. Laughton, E. Villegas, L. Sauer, R. Zwaska, D. Naples, S. Hays, J. O׳Connor, M. D. Messier, C. L. McGivern, D. Indurthy, Rakesh Sharma, J. Ratchford, C. D. Moore, Z. Isvan, L. Mualem, W. H. Miller, G. J. Bock, D. Torretta, Sacha E Kopp, R. Gran, L. Corwin, S. L. Mufson, G. Lefeuvre, V. Zarucheisky, V. Bocean, T. Kafka, M. Bishai, M. Orchanian, K. Grzelak, M. V. Frohne, P. Prieto, J. Hartnell, B. C. Barish, R. Ducar, Philip Harris, H. A. Rubin, R. B. Patterson, K. Ruddick, Joao A B Coelho, V. Garkusha, D. Augustine, Ž Pavlović, D. Schoo, A. E. Kreymer, P. Lucas, W. P. Oliver, Marvin L Marshak, Ken Heller, M. J. Murtagh, M. Kordosky, S. R. Hahn, Andrew Blake, N. Grossman, A. Timmons, A. Schreckenberger, Carlos Escobar, R. K. Plunkett, X. Qiu, R. Toner, B. Rebel, AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), AstroParticule et Cosmologie ( APC - UMR 7164 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Observatoire de Paris-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph), Target, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, beam monitoring, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ACC-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Accelerator Physics [physics.acc-ph], FOS: Physical sciences, beam transport, neutrino: beam, Neutrino beam, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, NuMI, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), beam: alignment, Long Baseline, [ PHYS.HEXP ] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], hardware, Fermilab, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-ACC-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Accelerator Physics [physics.acc-ph], Neutrinos, 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, activity report, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Monitoring system, Beam, Main injector, Main Injector, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Physics - Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Beam (structure), performance
Abstract

International audience; This paper describes the hardware and operations of the Neutrinos at the Main Injector (NuMI) beam at Fermilab. It elaborates on the design considerations for the beam as a whole and for individual elements. The most important design details of individual components are described. Beam monitoring systems and procedures, including the tuning and alignment of the beam and NuMI long-term performance, are also discussed.

Published
2016

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