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Carbon dioxide is one of the greenhouse gases responsible for the effects of climate change. The soil respiration process is an important component of the carbon circuit in nature, through which carbon dioxide returns to the atmosphere. The concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere is directly influenced by any change of carbon flow produced in soil, as the latter is the largest carbon sink in terrestrial ecosystems. The objective of this paper is to present the experimental results obtained using CO2 flow determination with portable GHG analyzer with closed static chamber, and the relation and influence of the main pedoclimatic parameters, namely temperature and humidity. Future research directions will consider the development of a plan to monitor CO2 flow from the soil, for different types of land use, in different climatic conditions. During one month of data collection, has been found that soil CO2 efflux was influenced by soil moisture and soil temperature. Also, the processed data showed how soil respiration rates were dependent on soil moisture.

Atmospheric CO2 is rising rapidly. As forests cover some 43% of the Earth’s surface, they are considered to be the largest terrestrial carbon sink on Planet Earth. Within this study, calculations of the most abundant tree species were conducted in the study area, which is situated in the Eastern region of Romania. Thus, the forest carbon balance for the Oak (Quercus petraea) and Black Locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) species were projected for the period of 2015 - 2040. Data from management plans were used and analyzed using a forest model that is projecting forest resource development on regional up to European scale, known as The European Forest Information SCENario Model - EFISCEN. This study is aiming to point out the potential of the Oak and Black Locust forests to store carbon within the aforementioned period considering that the same management practices will be applied. The results of the simulation show that the forests accumulate CO2 over time and also their magnitude can be observed. Conclusions can be drawn from the comparative analysis of the input data and the simulation results, considering the limitation of the used data in terms of their precision.

The effects of climate change are becoming more intense in the last decades. Moreover, according to many official reports, climate changes are directly affecting ecosystems and their services. To assess the impact of climate change on ecosystems, various methods are being used in order to identify changes and interactions with other pressures such as degradation or fragmentation. Adaptation and mitigation measures on the effects of climate change generally include land use changes and land use practices. In order to assess the effectiveness of adaptation and mitigation measures, the services provided by ecosystems and their status are monitored. The paper presents the general framework for evaluating adaptation and mitigation measures and it is based on research from reference works that generally recommend how to evaluate adaptation and mitigation measures. A local adaptation of the mitigation and adaptation framework is presented, by identifying methods for assessing state indicators and ecosystem services. Depending on the availability and accuracy of the data, are proposed methods structured on different levels of detail such as: statistical data, field measurements, modeling software. The application of the proposed methods was verified in a case study: Divici Pojejena wetland, for which detailed methods of assessing the state and services of ecosystems were used.