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Uterine perforation is a major but rare complication of surgical abortion. Some of the dreaded complications are bowel herniation, strangulation, gangrene, and sepsis. With the legalisation of medical termination of pregnancy, such life-threatening complications have become a rarity in recent times. Usually, the patient presents with lower abdominal pain. A history of surgical abortion may not be forthcoming if an unsafe abortion is performed. A high index of suspicion should be kept while imaging such patients in an emergency setting, since early diagnosis is the key to survival. Hereby, the authors present a case of a 30-year-old female patient presenting with non specific complaints of abdominal pain. Upon vaginal examination, a structure protruding out of the internal os (admitting the tip of a finger) was noted, and a boggy mass was felt in the pouch of Douglas. Ultrasonography and Contrast-enhanced Computed Tomography scan (CECT) performed in an emergency setting revealed uterine rupture with a rent, intra-abdominal foetal extrusion, and bowel loop herniation through the vagina. A delayed CT scan provided additional information about right ureteral injury, which was helpful in proper urological preoperative planning. In conclusion, ultrasonography and CECT imaging are useful in cases with lower abdominal pain having recent history of abortion to rule out uterine perforation and other obvious and occult associated complications for proper patient management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydatid disease is a zoonosis caused by Echinococcus granulosus. It manifests as cystic lesions, most commonly found in the liver and lungs, and rarely in other parts of the body. The disease occurs when a human host accidentally ingests contaminated food containing eggs from canine waste products. Since the clinical characteristics of this disease are nonspecific, radiological investigations play a crucial role in diagnosis. Diagnostic challenges arise due to atypical imaging features of complicated hydatid cysts. A 40-year-old female patient presented with fever, breathlessness, chest pain, and an unproductive cough persisting for eight days. Upon examination, she was in hypovolaemic shock, and an intercostal drainage tube had been inserted in the left sixth intercostal space. The chest radiograph revealed a dense, homogeneous opacity in the left hemithorax, partially compressing the left lung medially. An High-resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) thorax showed a thick-walled cavity with an air-fluid level and layered membranes in the dependent part of the cavity, indicating a water lily sign in the left lower lobe of the lung, suggesting a ruptured hydatid cyst. The patient underwent cystectomy with suturing of a small bronchopleural fistula. Computed Tomography (CT) is the preferred imaging modality, especially for assessing associated complications and ruling out differentials in cases of ruptured pulmonary hydatid cysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Neck masses are any swellings or enlargements in the region between inferior border of mandible and clavicle. Neck masses are a common cause of diagnostic dilemma to clinicians. Material and methods: The present is observational study with total 100 patients scanned on Ultrasound machine in supine position with slight neck extension after proper informed consent. FNAC was done for correlation. Results :Out of 100 patients of neck lesion maximum 49 (49 %) cases showed thyroid lesions of which 30 were malignant and 19 were benign. Lymph node lesions were the second most common lesions i.e. 24 (24%) of which 15 cases constitutes malignant followed by 9 which were benign. Sensitivity of USG in diagnosing Benign and malignant lesions was 81% with a Specificity 92% PPV 94% NPV 78%. Therefore, the diagnostic accuracy was 86%. Conclusion: Ultrasonography is a useful modality for diagnostic evaluation of neck masses in every age group. It is simple, non-invasive and inexpensive diagnostic imaging modality. It provides accurate and reproducible results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Besides the initial diagnosis, other goals of brain MRI for pediatric brain tumor should include differentiation of specific tumor types, grading tumors, distinguishing viable tumor from necrotic tissue, guiding stereotactic biopsy and determining treatment responses. Material and methods: This was a non-interventional, cross sectional observational study of paediatric patients (age < 12 years) suspected to have brain tumour A total of 50 such patients referred to the radiology department of medical college where the study was conducted, were studied. Aims and objective : to assess grade of tumor preoperatively and evaluate role of contrast enhanced MRI. Results: According to MRI sensitivity, specificity and accuracy was 60% each, which increased to 97.5%, 80% and 90% on inclusion of post Contrast sequences. Free diffusion was mostly low grade on MRI. Significant association was seen between diffusion and grade on MRI. Conclusion: Low grade pathologies often show free diffusion ( no restriction ), thus highlighting the role of DWI sequences in tumor evaluation. According to MRI sensitivity, Specificity, and accuracy was 60% each. Contrast Enhanced MRI showed sensitivity 97.5% Specificity 80% and Diagnostic accuracy 94% ; thus underlining the importance of post contrast evaluation on MRI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: In India, oral cancer represents a major health prob !em and most of the malignancies arising from the various sub sites of the oral cavity are squamous cell carcinomas In the developing world oral cavity is common site of carcinoma after lung, stomach and liver in males while in females it is the fifth commonest cancer after cervix, breast, stomach and lung. Oral cavity is a common site for many types of benign and malignant tumors Material and Methods: This was a cross sedional observational study of patients detected to have oral cavity malignancy. All patients with clinically suspected and incidentally detected oral cavity malignancy attending to the tertiary care center and medical college where the study was conduded. A total of 50 patients diagnosed with oral cavity malignancy . Results: We found Correlation between nodal clinical staging and MRI staging. 10 Number of MRI Staging cases and 25 Number of Clinical Staging cases are at NO .. 23 Number of MRI Staging cases and 14 Number of Clinical Staging cases are at NI. IS Number of MRI Staging cases and I 0 Number of Clinical Staging cases are at NZ. 2 Number of MRI Staging cases and I Number of Clinical Staging cases are at N3 . P value 0 OS 18 Conclusion: MRI is appropriate method to diagnose and to locate the oral cavity carcinomas along with its extent and staging. Carcinoma of tongue, buccal mucosa having staging T2N1 seems to be more common in the present study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]