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Biodiversity is extremely complex and dynamic. India is rich in biodiversity but facing lots of challenge in protecting its environment. Main problems with regard to the environment in India are from the use and misuse of biological resources. The development of environment jurisprudence in India is obliged to the Apex Court and the numerous legislations and policies. The approach of the ‘Green Bench’ has been very appreciable. There is a need for effective implementation of law so that the goals for conservation and sustainable management for ecosystem can be achieved together. This paper describes a critical analysis of law regarding biodiversity conservation and forest ecosystem management in India.