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32 results on '"Stiavelli M."'

1. Improved model of the Supernova Refsdal cluster MACS J1149.5+2223 thanks to VLT/MUSE

Author

Schuldt, S., Grillo, C., Caminha, G. B., Mercurio, A., Rosati, P., Morishita, T., Stiavelli, M., Suyu, S. H., Bergamini, P., Brescia, M., Calura, F., and Meneghetti, M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present new VLT/MUSE observations of the Hubble Frontier Field (HFF) galaxy cluster MACS J1149.5+2223, lensing the well-known supernova "Refsdal" into multiple images, which enabled the first cosmological applications with a strongly lensed supernova. Thanks to these data, targeting a northern region of the cluster and thus complementing our previous MUSE program on the cluster core, we release a new catalog containing 162 secure spectroscopic redshifts. We confirm 22 cluster members, which were previously only photometrically selected, and detect ten additional ones, resulting in a total of 308 secure members, of which 63% are spectroscopically confirmed. We further identify 17 new spectroscopic multiple images belonging to 6 different background sources. By exploiting MUSE data, in combination with the deep HFF images, we develop an improved total mass model of MACS J1149.5+2223. This model includes 308 total mass components for the member galaxies and requires four additional mass profiles, one of which is associated with a cluster galaxy overdensity identified in the North, representing the DM mass distribution on larger scales. The values of the resulting 34 free parameters are optimized based on the observed positions of 106 multiple images from 34 different families, that cover the redshift range between 1.240 and 5.983. Our final model has a multiple image position rms value of 0.39", which is well in agreement with that of other cluster lens models. With this refined mass model, we pave the way towards even better strong-lensing analyses that will exploit the deep and high resolution observations with HST and JWST on a pixel level in the region of the supernova Refsdal host. This will increase the number of observables by around two orders of magnitudes, thus offering us the opportunity of carrying out more precise and accurate cosmographic measurements., Comment: 14 pages, 7 figures, 4+1 tables, published with A&A

Published
2024
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2. Extremely Low Molecular Gas Content in the Vicinity of a Red Nugget Galaxy at $z=1.91$

Author

Morishita, T., D'Amato, Q., Abramson, L. E., Abdurro'uf, Stiavelli, M., and Lucas, R. A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Band 5 observations of a galaxy at $z=1.91$, GDS24569, in search of molecular gas in its vicinity via the [C I] $^3$P$_1$-$^3$P$_0$ line. GDS24569 is a massive ($\log M_*/M_\odot=11$) passively evolving galaxy, and characterized by compact morphology with an effective radius of $\sim0.5$ kpc. We apply two blind detection algorithms to the spectral data cubes, and find no promising detection in or around GDS24569 out to projected distance of $\sim320$ kpc, while a narrow tentative line ($4.1 \sigma$) is identified at $+1200$ km/s by one of the algorithms. From the non-detection of [C I], we place a $3\sigma$ upper limit on molecular hydrogen mass, $\sim 7.1 \times 10^9 M_\odot$, which converts to an extremely low gas-to-stellar mass fraction, $< 5 \%$. We conduct a spectral energy distribution modeling by including optical-to-far-infrared data, and find a considerably high ($\sim0.1\%$) dust-to-stellar mass ratio, $\sim10$-$100\times$ higher than those of local early-type galaxies. In combination with a previous result of an insufficient number of surrounding satellite galaxies, it is suggested that GDS24569 is unlikely to experience significant size evolution via satellite mergers. We discuss possible physical mechanisms that quenched GDS24569., Comment: Accepted in ApJ

Published
2020
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3. SuperBoRG: Exploration of point sources at $z\sim8$ in HST parallel fields

Author

Morishita, T., Stiavelli, M., Trenti, M., Treu, T., Roberts-Borsani, G. W., Mason, C. A., Hashimoto, T., Bradley, L., Coe, D., and Ishikawa, Y.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

To extend the search for quasars in the epoch of reionization beyond the tip of the luminosity function, we explore point source candidates at redshift $z\sim8$ in SuperBoRG, a compilation of $\sim$0.4deg$^2$ archival medium-deep ($m_{\rm F160W}\sim 26.5$ABmag, 5$\sigma$) parallel IR images taken with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). Initial candidates are selected by using the Lyman-break technique. We then carefully analyze source morphology, and robustly identify 3 point sources at $z\sim8$. Photometric redshift analysis reveals that they are preferentially fit by extra-galactic templates, and we conclude that they are unlikely to be low-$z$ interlopers, including brown dwarfs. A clear IRAC ch2 flux excess is seen in one of the point sources, which is expected if the source has strong H$\beta$+[O III] emission with rest-frame equivalent width of $\sim3000$AA. Deep spectroscopic data taken with Keck/MOSFIRE, however, do not reveal Ly$\alpha$ emission from the object. In combination with the estimated H$\beta$+[O III] equivalent width, we place an upper limit on its Ly$\alpha$ escape fraction $f_{\rm esc, Ly\alpha}< 2 \%$. We estimate the number density of these point sources $\sim1\times10^{-6}$Mpc$^{-3}$mag$^{-1}$ at $M_{\rm UV}\sim-23$mag. The final interpretation of our results remains inconclusive: extrapolation from low-$z$ studies of $faint$ quasars suggests that $>100\times$ survey volume may be required to find one of this luminosity. The James Webb Space Telescope will be able to conclusively determine the nature of our luminous point source candidates, while the Roman Space Telescope will probe $\sim 200$ times the area of the sky with the same observing time considered in this HST study., Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ. 11 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables

Published
2020
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4. An Ultra Deep Field survey with WFIRST

Author

Koekemoer, Anton M., Foley, R. J., Spergel, D. N., Bagley, M., Bezanson, R., Bianco, F. B., Bouwens, R., Bradley, L., Brammer, G., Capak, P., Davidzon, I., De Rosa, G., Dickinson, M. E., Doré, O., Dunlop, J. S., Ellis, R. S., Fan, X., Fazio, G. G., Ferguson, H. C., Filippenko, A. V., Finkelstein, S., Frye, B., Gawiser, E., Grogin, N. A., Hathi, N. P., Hirata, C. M., Hounsell, R., Illingworth, G. D., Jansen, R. A., Jauzac, M., Jha, S. W., Kartaltepe, J. S., Kim, A. G., Kelly, P., Kruk, J. W., Larson, R., Lotz, J., Lucas, R., Malhotra, S., Mandel, K., Margutti, R., Marrone, D., McLure, R. J., McQuinn, K., Melchior, P., Mobasher, B., Mould, J. R., Moustakas, L., Newman, J. A., Papovich, C., Peeples, M. S., Perlmutter, S., Pirzkal, N., Rhoads, J., Rhodes, J., Robertson, B., Rubin, D., Ryan, R., Scolnic, D., Shapley, A., Somerville, R., Steinhardt, C., Stiavelli, M., Street, R., Trenti, M., Treu, T., Wang, L., Wang, Y., Whalen, D., Windhorst, R. A., Wollack, E. J., and Yan, H.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Studying the formation and evolution of galaxies at the earliest cosmic times, and their role in reionization, requires the deepest imaging possible. Ultra-deep surveys like the HUDF and HFF have pushed to mag \mAB$\,\sim\,$30, revealing galaxies at the faint end of the LF to $z$$\,\sim\,$9$\,-\,$11 and constraining their role in reionization. However, a key limitation of these fields is their size, only a few arcminutes (less than a Mpc at these redshifts), too small to probe large-scale environments or clustering properties of these galaxies, crucial for advancing our understanding of reionization. Achieving HUDF-quality depth over areas $\sim$100 times larger becomes possible with a mission like the Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST), a 2.4-m telescope with similar optical properties to HST, with a field of view of $\sim$1000 arcmin$^2$, $\sim$100$\times$ the area of the HST/ACS HUDF. This whitepaper motivates an Ultra-Deep Field survey with WFIRST, covering $\sim$100$\,-\,$300$\times$ the area of the HUDF, or up to $\sim$1 deg$^2$, to \mAB$\,\sim\,$30, potentially revealing thousands of galaxies and AGN at the faint end of the LF, at or beyond $z$\,$\sim$\,9$\,-\,$10 in the epoch of reionization, and tracing their LSS environments, dramatically increasing the discovery potential at these redshifts. (Note: This paper is a somewhat expanded version of one that was submitted as input to the Astro2020 Decadal Survey, with this version including an Appendix (which exceeded the Astro2020 page limits), describing how the science drivers for a WFIRST Ultra Deep Field might map into a notional observing program, including the filters used and exposure times needed to achieve these depths.)

Published
2019

5. Massive Dead Galaxies at z~2 with HST Grism Spectroscopy I. Star Formation Histories and Metallicity Enrichment

Author

Morishita, T., Abramson, L. E., Treu, T., Brammer, G. B., Jones, T., Kelly, P., Stiavelli, M., Trenti, M., Vulcani, B., and Wang, X.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Observations have revealed massive (logM*/Msun>11) galaxies that were already dead when the universe was only ~2 Gyr. Given the short time before these galaxies were quenched, their past histories and quenching mechanism(s) are of particular interest. In this paper, we study star formation histories (SFHs) of 24 massive galaxies at 1.6 50% of their extant masses by ~1.5 Gyr before the time of observed redshifts, with a trend where more massive galaxies form earlier. Their stellar-phase metallicities are already compatible with those of local early-type galaxies, with a median value of logZ*/Zsun=0.25 and scatter of ~0.15dex. In combination with the reconstructed SFHs, we reveal their rapid metallicity evolution from z~5.5 to ~2.2 at a rate of ~0.2dex/Gyr in log Z*/Zsun. Interestingly, the inferred stellar-phase metallicities are, when compared at half-mass time, ~0.25dex higher than observed gas-phase metallicities of star forming galaxies. While systematic uncertainties remain, this may imply that these quenched galaxies have continued low-level star formation, rather than abruptly terminating their star formation activity, and kept enhancing their metallicity until recently., Comment: Accepted version. The gsf code is published at https://github.com/mtakahiro/gsf

Published
2018
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6. The bright-end galaxy candidates at z ~ 9 from 79 independent HST fields

Author

Morishita, T., Trenti, M., Stiavelli, M., Bradley, L. D., Coe, D., Oesch, P. A., Mason, C. A., Bridge, J. S., Holwerda, B. W., Livermore, R. C., Salmon, B., Schmidt, K. B., Shull, J. M., and Treu, T.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We present a full data analysis of the pure-parallel Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging observations in the Brightest of Reionizing Galaxies Survey (BoRG[z9]) in Cycle 22. The medium-deep exposures with five HST/WFC3IR+UVIS filter bands from 79 independent sightlines (~370 arcmin^2) provide the least biased determination of number density for z>9 bright galaxies against cosmic variance. After a strict two-step selection for candidate galaxies, including dropout color and photometric redshift analyses, and revision of previous BoRG candidates, we identify one source at z~10 and two sources at z~9. The z~10 candidate shows evidence of line-of-sight lens magnification (mu~1.5), yet it appears surprisingly luminous (MUV ~ -22.6\pm0.3 mag), making it one of the brightest candidates at z > 8 known (~ 0.3 mag brighter than the z = 8.68 galaxy EGSY8p7, spectroscopically confirmed by Zitrin and collaborators). For z ~ 9 candidates, we include previous data points at fainter magnitudes and find that the data are well fitted by a Schechter luminosity function with alpha ~ -2.1, MUV ~ -21.5 mag, and log phi ~ -4.5 Mpc^-3mag^-1, for the first time without fixing any parameters. The inferred cosmic star formation rate density is consistent with unaccelerated evolution from lower redshift., Comment: 18pages, 7figures, 6tables. accepted to the Astrophysical Journal

Published
2018
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7. Metal Deficiency in Two Massive Dead Galaxies at $z\sim2$

Author

Morishita, T., Abramson, L. E., Treu, T., Wang, X., Brammer, G. B., Kelly, P., Stiavelli, M., Jones, T., Schmidt, K. B., Trenti, M., and Vulcani, B.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Local massive early-type galaxies are believed to have completed most of their star formation $\sim10$Gyr ago and evolved without having substantial star formation since. If so, their progenitors should have roughly solar stellar metallicities ($Z_*$), comparable to their values today. We report the discovery of two lensed massive ($\log M_*/M_\odot\sim11$), $z\sim2.2$ dead galaxies, that appear markedly metal deficient given this scenario. Using 17-band $HST$+$K_{s}$+$Spitzer$ photometry and deep $HST$ grism spectra from the GLASS and SN Refsdal follow-up campaigns covering features near $\lambda_{\rm rest}\sim4000$\AA, we find these systems to be dominated by A-type stars with $\log Z_*/Z_\odot=-0.40\pm0.02$ and $-0.49\pm0.03$ ($30$-$40\%$ solar) under standard assumptions. The second system's lower metallicity is robust to isochrone changes, though this choice can drive the first system's from $\log Z_*/Z_\odot=-0.6$ to 0.1. If these two galaxies are representative of larger samples, this finding suggests that evolutionary paths other than dry minor-merging are required for these massive galaxies. Future analyses with direct metallicity measurements-e.g., by the $James\ Webb\ Space\ Telescope$-will provide critical insight into the nature of such phenomena., Comment: Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal Letters; 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 table

Published
2018
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8. Massive Dead Galaxies at z ∼ 2 with HST Grism Spectroscopy. I. Star Formation Histories and Metallicity Enrichment

Author

Morishita, T, Abramson, LE, Treu, T, Brammer, GB, Jones, T, Kelly, P, Stiavelli, M, Trenti, M, Vulcani, B, and Wang, X

Subjects
galaxies: abundances, galaxies: evolution, galaxies: formation, galaxies: high-redshift, galaxies: star formation, astro-ph.GA, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astronomy & Astrophysics
Abstract

Observations have revealed massive (log M∗/Mo ≳ 11) galaxies that were already dead when the universe was only ∼2 Gyr. Given the short time before these galaxies were quenched, their past histories and quenching mechanism(s) are of particular interest. In this paper, we study star formation histories (SFHs) of 24 massive galaxies at 1.6 < z < 2.5. A deep slitless spectroscopy and imaging data set collected from multiple Hubble Space Telescope surveys allows robust determination of their spectral energy distributions and SFHs with no functional assumption on their forms. We find that most of our massive galaxies had formed >50% of their extant masses by ∼1.5 Gyr before the time of observed redshifts, with a trend where more massive galaxies form earlier. Their stellar-phase metallicities are already compatible with those of local early-type galaxies, with a median value of log Z∗/Zo = 0.25 and scatter of ∼0.15 dex. In combination with the reconstructed SFHs, we reveal their rapid metallicity evolution from z ∼ 5.5 to ∼2.2 at a rate of ∼0.2 dex Gyr-1 in Z∗/Zo. Interestingly, the inferred stellar-phase metallicities are, when compared at half-mass time, ∼0.25 dex higher than observed gas-phase metallicities of star-forming galaxies. While systematic uncertainties remain, this may imply that these quenched galaxies have continued low-level star formation, rather than abruptly terminating their star formation activity, and kept enhancing their metallicity until recently.

Published
2019

9. An Ultra Deep Field survey with WFIRST

Author

Koekemoer, Anton M, Foley, RJ, Spergel, DN, Bagley, M, Bezanson, R, Bianco, FB, Bouwens, R, Bradley, L, Brammer, G, Capak, P, Davidzon, I, Rosa, G De, Dickinson, ME, Doré, O, Dunlop, JS, Ellis, RS, Fan, X, Fazio, GG, Ferguson, HC, Filippenko, AV, Finkelstein, S, Frye, B, Gawiser, E, Grogin, NA, Hathi, NP, Hirata, CM, Hounsell, R, Illingworth, GD, Jansen, RA, Jauzac, M, Jha, SW, Kartaltepe, JS, Kim, AG, Kelly, P, Kruk, JW, Larson, R, Lotz, J, Lucas, R, Malhotra, S, Mandel, K, Margutti, R, Marrone, D, McLure, RJ, McQuinn, K, Melchior, P, Mobasher, B, Mould, JR, Moustakas, L, Newman, JA, Papovich, C, Peeples, MS, Perlmutter, S, Pirzkal, N, Rhoads, J, Rhodes, J, Robertson, B, Rubin, D, Ryan, R, Scolnic, D, Shapley, A, Somerville, R, Steinhardt, C, Stiavelli, M, Street, R, Trenti, M, Treu, T, Wang, L, Wang, Y, Whalen, D, Windhorst, RA, Wollack, EJ, and Yan, H

Subjects
astro-ph.GA
Abstract

Studying the formation and evolution of galaxies at the earliest cosmictimes, and their role in reionization, requires the deepest imaging possible.Ultra-deep surveys like the HUDF and HFF have pushed to mag \mAB$\,\sim\,$30,revealing galaxies at the faint end of the LF to $z$$\,\sim\,$9$\,-\,$11 andconstraining their role in reionization. However, a key limitation of thesefields is their size, only a few arcminutes (less than a Mpc at theseredshifts), too small to probe large-scale environments or clusteringproperties of these galaxies, crucial for advancing our understanding ofreionization. Achieving HUDF-quality depth over areas $\sim$100 times largerbecomes possible with a mission like the Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope(WFIRST), a 2.4-m telescope with similar optical properties to HST, with afield of view of $\sim$1000 arcmin$^2$, $\sim$100$\times$ the area of theHST/ACS HUDF. This whitepaper motivates an Ultra-Deep Field survey with WFIRST, covering$\sim$100$\,-\,$300$\times$ the area of the HUDF, or up to $\sim$1 deg$^2$, to\mAB$\,\sim\,$30, potentially revealing thousands of galaxies and AGN at thefaint end of the LF, at or beyond $z$\,$\sim$\,9$\,-\,$10 in the epoch ofreionization, and tracing their LSS environments, dramatically increasing thediscovery potential at these redshifts. (Note: This paper is a somewhat expanded version of one that was submitted asinput to the Astro2020 Decadal Survey, with this version including an Appendix(which exceeded the Astro2020 page limits), describing how the science driversfor a WFIRST Ultra Deep Field might map into a notional observing program,including the filters used and exposure times needed to achieve these depths.)

Published
2019

10. Metal Deficiency in Two Massive Dead Galaxies at z ∼ 2

Author

Morishita, T, Abramson, LE, Treu, T, Wang, X, Brammer, GB, Kelly, P, Stiavelli, M, Jones, T, Schmidt, KB, Trenti, M, and Vulcani, B

Subjects
galaxies: abundances, galaxies: evolution, galaxies: structure, astro-ph.GA, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Astronomy & Astrophysics
Abstract

Local massive early-type galaxies are believed to have completed most of their star formation ∼10 Gyr ago and evolved without having substantial star formation since that time. If so, their progenitors should have roughly solar stellar metallicities (Z∗), comparable to their values today. We report the discovery of two lensed massive (), z ∼ 2.2 dead galaxies that appear markedly metal deficient given this scenario. Using 17-band HST+Ks+Spitzer photometry and deep Hubble Space Telescope (HST) grism spectra from the Grism Lens Amplified Survey from Space (GLASS) and supernova (SN) Refsdal follow-up campaigns covering features near λrest ∼ 4000A, we find these systems to be dominated by A-type stars with and -0.49 ± 0.03 (30%-40% solar) under standard assumptions. The second system's lower metallicity is robust to isochrone changes, though this choice can drive the first system's from to 0.1. If these two galaxies are representative of larger samples, this finding suggests that evolutionary paths other than dry minor merging are required for these massive galaxies. Future analyses with direct metallicity measurements - e.g., by the James Webb Space Telescope - will provide critical insight into the nature of such phenomena.

Published
2018

12. Galaxy candidates at z ~ 10 in archival data from the Brightest of Reionizing Galaxies (BoRG[z8]) survey

Author

Bernard, S. R., Carrasco, D., Trenti, M., Oesch, P. A., Wu, J. F., Bradley, L. D., Schmidt, K. B., Bouwens, R. J., Calvi, V., Mason, C. A., Stiavelli, M., and Treu, T.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

The Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) on the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) enabled the search for the first galaxies observed at z ~ 8 - 11 (500 - 700 Myr after the Big Bang). To continue quantifying the number density of the most luminous galaxies (M_AB ~ -22.0) at the earliest epoch observable with HST, we search for z ~ 10 galaxies (F125W-dropouts) in archival data from the Brightest of Reionizing Galaxies (BoRG[z8]) survey, originally designed for detection of z ~ 8 galaxies (F098M-dropouts). By focusing on the deepest 293 arcmin^2 of the data along 62 independent lines of sight, we identify six z ~ 10 candidates satisfying the color selection criteria, detected at S/N > 8 in F160W with M_AB = -22.8 to -21.1 if at z = 10. Three of the six sources, including the two brightest, are in a single WFC3 pointing (~ 4 arcmin^2), suggestive of significant clustering, which is expected from bright galaxies at z ~ 10. However, the two brightest galaxies are too extended to be likely at z ~ 10, and one additional source is unresolved and possibly a brown dwarf. The remaining three candidates have m_AB ~ 26, and given the area and completeness of our search, our best estimate is a number density of sources that is marginally higher but consistent at 2{\sigma} with searches in legacy fields. Our study highlights that z ~ 10 searches can yield a small number of candidates, making tailored follow-ups of HST pure-parallel observations viable and effective., Comment: Accepted by ApJ. 10 pages, 5 figures

Published
2016
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13. Bright galaxies at Hubble's redshift detection frontier: Preliminary results and design from the redshift z~9-10 BoRG pure-parallel HST survey

Author

Calvi, V., Trenti, M., Stiavelli, M., Oesch, P., Bradley, L. D., Schmidt, K. B., Coe, D., Brammer, G., Bernard, S., Bouwens, R. J., Carrasco, D., Carollo, C. M., Holwerda, B. W., MacKenty, J. W., Mason, C. A., Shull, J. M., and Treu, T.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We present the first results and design from the redshift z~9-10 Brightest of the Reionizing Galaxies {\it Hubble Space Telescope} survey BoRG[z9-10], aimed at searching for intrinsically luminous unlensed galaxies during the first 700 Myr after the Big Bang. BoRG[z9-10] is the continuation of a multi-year pure-parallel near-IR and optical imaging campaign with the Wide Field Camera 3. The ongoing survey uses five filters, optimized for detecting the most distant objects and offering continuous wavelength coverage from {\lambda}=0.35{\mu}m to {\lambda}=1.7{\mu}m. We analyze the initial ~130 arcmin$^2$ of area over 28 independent lines of sight (~25% of the total planned) to search for z>7 galaxies using a combination of Lyman break and photometric redshift selections. From an effective comoving volume of (5-25) $times 10^5$ Mpc$^3$ for magnitudes brighter than $m_{AB}=26.5-24.0$ in the $H_{160}$-band respectively, we find five galaxy candidates at z~8.3-10 detected at high confidence (S/N>8), including a source at z~8.4 with mAB=24.5 (S/N~22), which, if confirmed, would be the brightest galaxy identified at such early times (z>8). In addition, BoRG[z9-10] data yield four galaxies with $7.3 \lesssim z \lesssim 8$. These new Lyman break galaxies with m$\lesssim26.5$ are ideal targets for follow-up observations from ground and space based observatories to help investigate the complex interplay between dark matter growth, galaxy assembly, and reionization., Comment: Accepted for publication on ApJ. 21 pages, 11 figures, 4 tables

Published
2015
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14. The Grism Lens-Amplified Survey from Space (GLASS). I. Survey overview and first data release

Author

Treu, T., Schmidt, K. B., Brammer, G. B., Vulcani, B., Wang, X., Bradač, M., Dijkstra, M., Dressler, A., Fontana, A., Gavazzi, R., Henry, A. L., Hoag, A., Huang, K. H., Jones, T. A., Kelly, P. L., Malkan, M. A., Mason, C., Pentericci, L., Poggianti, B., Stiavelli, M., Trenti, M., and von der Linden, A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We give an overview of the Grism Lens Amplified Survey from Space (GLASS), a large Hubble Space Telescope program aimed at obtaining grism spectroscopy of the fields of ten massive clusters of galaxies at redshift z=0.308-0.686, including the Hubble Frontier Fields (HFF). The Wide Field Camera 3 yields near infrared spectra of the cluster cores, covering the wavelength range 0.81-1.69mum through grisms G102 and G141, while the Advanced Camera for Surveys in parallel mode provides G800L spectra of the infall regions of the clusters. The WFC3 spectra are taken at two almost orthogonal position angles in order to minimize the effects of confusion. After summarizing the scientific drivers of GLASS, we describe the sample selection as well as the observing strategy and data processing pipeline. We then utilize MACSJ0717.5+3745, a HFF cluster and the first one observed by GLASS, to illustrate the data quality and the high-level data products. Each spectrum brighter than H_AB=23 is visually inspected by at least two co-authors and a redshift is measured when sufficient information is present in the spectra. Furthermore, we conducted a thorough search for emission lines through all the GLASS WFC3 spectra with the aim of measuring redshifts for sources with continuum fainter than H_AB=23. We provide a catalog of 139 emission-line based spectroscopic redshifts for extragalactic sources, including three new redshifts of multiple image systems (one probable, two tentative). In addition to the data itself we also release software tools that are helpful to navigate the data., Comment: ApJ in press. GLASS data available at https://archive.stsci.edu/prepds/glass/ . More info on GLASS available at http://glass.physics.ucsb.edu/

Published
2015
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15. Ultradeep IRAC Imaging Over The HUDF And GOODS-South: Survey Design And Imaging Data Release

Author

Labbe, I., Oesch, P. A., Illingworth, G. D., van Dokkum, P. G., Bouwens, R. J., Franx, M., Carollo, C. M., Trenti, M., Holden, B., Smit, R., Gonzalez, V., Magee, D., Stiavelli, M., and Stefanon, M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The IRAC ultradeep field (IUDF) and IRAC Legacy over GOODS (IGOODS) programs are two ultradeep imaging surveys at 3.6{\mu}m and 4.5{\mu}m with the Spitzer Infrared Array Camera (IRAC). The primary aim is to directly detect the infrared light of reionization epoch galaxies at z > 7 and to constrain their stellar populations. The observations cover the Hubble Ultra Deep Field (HUDF), including the two HUDF parallel fields, and the CANDELS/GOODS-South, and are combined with archival data from all previous deep programs into one ultradeep dataset. The resulting imaging reaches unprecedented coverage in IRAC 3.6{\mu}m and 4.5{\mu}m ranging from > 50 hour over 150 arcmin^2, > 100 hour over 60 sq arcmin2, to 200 hour over 5 - 10 arcmin$^2$. This paper presents the survey description, data reduction, and public release of reduced mosaics on the same astrometric system as the CANDELS/GOODS-South WFC3 data. To facilitate prior-based WFC3+IRAC photometry, we introduce a new method to create high signal-to-noise PSFs from the IRAC data and reconstruct the complex spatial variation due to survey geometry. The PSF maps are included in the release, as are registered maps of subsets of the data to enable reliability and variability studies. Simulations show that the noise in the ultradeep IRAC images decreases approximately as the square root of integration time over the range 20 - 200 hours, well below the classical confusion limit, reaching 1{\sigma} point source sensitivities as faint as of 15 nJy (28.5 AB) at 3.6{\mu}m and 18 nJy (28.3 AB) at 4.5{\mu}m. The value of such ultradeep IRAC data is illustrated by direct detections of z = 7 - 8 galaxies as faint as HAB = 28., Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJS

Published
2015
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16. THE GRISM LENS-AMPLIFIED SURVEY FROM SPACE (GLASS). I. SURVEY OVERVIEW AND FIRST DATA RELEASE

Author

Treu, T, Schmidt, KB, Brammer, GB, Vulcani, B, Wang, X, Bradač, M, Dijkstra, M, Dressler, A, Fontana, A, Gavazzi, R, Henry, AL, Hoag, A, Huang, K-H, Jones, TA, Kelly, PL, Malkan, MA, Mason, C, Pentericci, L, Poggianti, B, Stiavelli, M, Trenti, M, and von der Linden, A

Subjects
gravitational lensing: strong, astro-ph.GA, Astronomical and Space Sciences, Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics, Physical Chemistry (incl. Structural), Astronomy & Astrophysics
Abstract

We give an overview of the Grism Lens Amplified Survey from Space (GLASS), a large Hubble Space Telescope program aimed at obtaining grism spectroscopy of the fields of 10 massive clusters of galaxies at redshift z = 0.308-0.686, including the Hubble Frontier Fields (HFF). The Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) yields near-infrared spectra of the cluster cores covering the wavelength range 0.81-1.69 μm through grisms G102 and G141, while the Advanced Camera for Surveys in parallel mode provides G800L spectra of the infall regions of the clusters. The WFC3 spectra are taken at two almost orthogonal position angles in order to minimize the effects of confusion. After summarizing the scientific drivers of GLASS, we describe the sample selection as well as the observing strategy and data processing pipeline. We then utilize MACS J0717.5+3745, a HFF cluster and the first one observed by GLASS, to illustrate the data quality and the high-level data products. Each spectrum brighter than is visually inspected by at least two co-authors and a redshift is measured when sufficient information is present in the spectra. Furthermore, we conducted a thorough search for emission lines through all of the GLASS WFC3 spectra with the aim of measuring redshifts for sources with continuum fainter than We provide a catalog of 139 emission-line-based spectroscopic redshifts for extragalactic sources, including three new redshifts of multiple image systems (one probable, two tentative). In addition to the data itself, we also release software tools that are helpful to navigate the data.

Published
2015

21. Extremely Low Molecular Gas Content in the Vicinity of a Red Nugget Galaxy at z = 1.91.

Author

Morishita, T., D'Amato, Q., Abramson, L. E., Abdurro'uf, Stiavelli, M., and Lucas, R. A.

Subjects
SPECTRAL energy distribution, GALAXIES, MOLECULAR weights
Abstract

We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array Band 5 observations of a galaxy at z = 1.91, GDS24569, in search of molecular gas in its vicinity via the [C i ] 3P1–3P0 line. GDS24569 is a massive (), passively evolving galaxy, characterized by compact morphology with an effective radius of ∼0.5 kpc. We apply two blind detection algorithms to the spectral data cubes and find no promising detection in or around GDS24569 out to a projected distance of ∼320 kpc, while a narrow tentative line (4.1σ) is identified at +1200 km s−1 by one of the algorithms. From the nondetection of [C i ], we place a 3σ upper limit on molecular hydrogen mass, ∼ 7.1 × 109M⊙, which converts to an extremely low gas-to-stellar mass fraction of ≲ 5%. We conduct a spectral energy distribution modeling by including optical to far-infrared data and find a considerably high (∼ 0.1%) dust-to-stellar mass ratio, i.e., ∼10–100× higher than those of local early-type galaxies. In combination with a previous result of an insufficient number of surrounding satellite galaxies, it is suggested that GDS24569 is unlikely to experience significant size evolution via satellite mergers. We discuss possible physical mechanisms that quenched GDS24569. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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22. The Bright-end Galaxy Candidates at z ∼ 9 from 79 Independent HST Fields

Author

Morishita, T., primary, Trenti, M., additional, Stiavelli, M., additional, Bradley, L. D., additional, Coe, D., additional, Oesch, P. A., additional, Mason, C. A., additional, Bridge, J. S., additional, Holwerda, B. W., additional, Livermore, R. C., additional, Salmon, B., additional, Schmidt, K. B., additional, Shull, J. M., additional, and Treu, T., additional

Published
2018
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23. The Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey: Initial results from optical and near-infrared imaging

Author

Giavalisco, M., Ferguson, H. C., Koekemoer, A. M., Dickinson, M., Alexander, D. M., Bauer, F. E., Bergeron, J., Biagetti, C., Brandt, W. N., Casertano, S., Cesarsky, C., Chatzichristou, E., Conselice, C., Stefano Cristiani, Da Costa, L., Dahlen, T., Mello, D., Eisenhardt, P., Erben, T., Fall, S. M., Fassnacht, C., Fosbury, R., Fruchter, A., Gardner, J. P., Grogin, N., Hook, R. N., Hornschemeier, A. E., Idzi, R., Jogee, S., Kretchmer, C., Laidler, V., Lee, K. S., Livio, M., Lucas, R., Madau, P., Mobasher, B., Moustakas, L. A., Nonino, M., Padovani, P., Papovich, C., Park, Y., Ravindranath, S., Renzini, A., Richardson, M., Riess, A., Rosati, P., Schirmer, M., Schreier, E., Somerville, R. S., Spinrad, H., Stern, D., Stiavelli, M., Strolger, L., Urry, C. M., Vandame, B., Williams, R., and Wolf, C.

Subjects
Physics, Active galactic nucleus, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Infrared telescope, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Hubble Ultra-Deep Field, Advanced Camera for Surveys, Galaxy, Extended Groth Strip, Space and Planetary Science, Observatory, Chandra Deep Field South, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract

This Special Issue of the Astrophysical Journal Letters is dedicated to presenting initial results from the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey (GOODS) that are primarily, but not exclusively, based on multi--band imaging data obtained with the {\it Hubble Space Telescope} ({\it HST}) and the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS). The survey covers roughly 320 square arcminutes in the ACS F435W, F606W, F814W, and F850LP bands, divided into two well-studied fields. Existing deep observations from the {\it Chandra} X-ray Observatory (\cxo) and ground-based facilities are supplemented with new, deep imaging in the optical and near-infrared from the European Southern Observatory (ESO) and from the Kitt Peak National Observatory (KPNO). Deep observations with the {\it Space Infrared Telescope Facility} (SIRTF) are scheduled. Reduced data from all facilities are being released worldwide within three to six months of acquisition. Together, this data set provides two deep reference fields for studies of distant normal and active galaxies, supernovae, and faint stars in our own galaxy. This paper serves to outline the survey strategy and describe the specific data that have been used in the accompanying letters, summarizing the reduction procedures and sensitivity limits., 19 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal, Letters. See manuscript for the full authorship list. The data and the GOODS-group papers can be found at http://www.stsci.edu/science/goods/

Published
2016
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24. Evolution histories of massive galaxies at z ∼2 over the past 3 Gyr.

Author

Morishita, T., Abramson, L. E., Treu, T., Brammer, G. B., Jones, T., Kelly, P., Stiavelli, M., Trenti, M., Vulcani, B., Wang, X., Boquien, Médéric, Lusso, Elisabeta, Gruppioni, Carlotta, and Tissera, Patricia

Abstract

We study star formation and metallicity enrichment histories of 24 massive galaxies at 1.6 < z < 2.5. Deep slitless spectroscopy + imaging data set collected from multiple HST surveys allows robust determination of their SEDs. Our new SED modeling with no functional assumptions on star formation histories revels that 1. most of the sample galaxies have already formed >50% of their extant masses ∼1.5 Gyr before the time of observed redshifts, with a trend where more massive galaxies form earlier, 2. most of our galaxies already have stellar metallicities compatible with those of local early-type galaxies, and 3. inferred metallicities are on average ∼ 0.25 dex higher than observed gas-phase metallicities of star forming galaxies at the time of their formation. Continuation of low-level star formation, rather than abrupt termination of star forming activity, may explain the observed gap of metallicities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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25. Supermassive black hole mass measurements for NGC 1300 and 2748 based on Hubble Space Telescope emission-line gas kinematics

Author

Atkinson, J. W., Collett, J. L., Marconi, A., Axon, D. J., Alonso-Herrero, A., Batcheldor, D., Binney, J. J., Capetti, A., Carollo, C. M., Dressel, L., Ford, H., Gerssen, J., Hughes, M. A., Macchetto, D., Maciejewski, W., Merrifield, M. R., Scarlata, C., Sparks, W., Stiavelli, M., Tsvetanov, Z., van Der Marel, R. P., Atkinson, J. W., Collett, J. L., Marconi, A., Axon, D. J., Alonso-Herrero, A., Batcheldor, D., Binney, J. J., Capetti, A., Carollo, C. M., Dressel, L., Ford, H., Gerssen, J., Hughes, M. A., Macchetto, D., Maciejewski, W., Merrifield, M. R., Scarlata, C., Sparks, W., Stiavelli, M., Tsvetanov, Z., and van Der Marel, R. P.

Abstract

We present Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph emission-line spectra of the central regions of the spiral galaxies NGC 1300 and 2748. From the derived kinematics of the nuclear gas we have found evidence for central supermassive black holes in both galaxies. The estimated masses of the black holes in NGC 1300 and 2748 are (6.6+6.3−3.2) × 107 and (4.4+3.5−3.6) × 107 M⊙, respectively (both at the 95 per cent confidence level). These two black hole mass estimates contribute to the poorly sampled low-mass end of the nuclear black hole mass spectrum

Published
2017

27. ERRATUM: “MILKY WAY RED DWARFS IN THE BORG SURVEY; GALACTIC SCALE-HEIGHT AND THE DISTRIBUTION OF DWARFS STARS IN WFC3 IMAGING” (2014, ApJ, 788, 77)

Author

Holwerda, B. W., primary, Trenti, M., additional, Clarkson, W., additional, Sahu, K., additional, Bradley, L., additional, Stiavelli, M., additional, Pirzkal, N., additional, Marchi, G. De, additional, Andersen, M., additional, Bouwens, R., additional, Ryan, R., additional, Vledder, I. van, additional, and Vlugt, D. van der, additional

Published
2016
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28. Evolution histories of massive galaxies at z ∼2 over the past 3 Gyr.

Author

Morishita, T., Abramson, L. E., Treu, T., Brammer, G. B., Jones, T., Kelly, P., Stiavelli, M., Trenti, M., Vulcani, B., Wang, X., Boquien, Médéric, Lusso, Elisabeta, Gruppioni, Carlotta, and Tissera, Patricia

Abstract

We study star formation and metallicity enrichment histories of 24 massive galaxies at 1.6 < z < 2.5. Deep slitless spectroscopy + imaging data set collected from multiple HST surveys allows robust determination of their SEDs. Our new SED modeling with no functional assumptions on star formation histories revels that 1. most of the sample galaxies have already formed >50% of their extant masses ∼1.5 Gyr before the time of observed redshifts, with a trend where more massive galaxies form earlier, 2. most of our galaxies already have stellar metallicities compatible with those of local early-type galaxies, and 3. inferred metallicities are on average ∼ 0.25 dex higher than observed gas-phase metallicities of star forming galaxies at the time of their formation. Continuation of low-level star formation, rather than abrupt termination of star forming activity, may explain the observed gap of metallicities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018
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29. BRIGHT GALAXIES ATHUBBLE’S REDSHIFT DETECTION FRONTIER: PRELIMINARY RESULTS AND DESIGN FROM THE REDSHIFTz∼ 9–10 BoRG PURE-PARALLELHSTSURVEY

Author

Calvi, V., primary, Trenti, M., additional, Stiavelli, M., additional, Oesch, P., additional, Bradley, L. D., additional, Schmidt, K. B., additional, Coe, D., additional, Brammer, G., additional, Bernard, S., additional, Bouwens, R. J., additional, Carrasco, D., additional, Carollo, C. M., additional, Holwerda, B. W., additional, MacKenty, J. W., additional, Mason, C. A., additional, Shull, J. M., additional, and Treu, T., additional

Published
2016
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30. ULTRADEEP IRAC IMAGING OVER THE HUDF AND GOODS-SOUTH: SURVEY DESIGN AND IMAGING DATA RELEASE

Author

Labbé, I., primary, Oesch, P. A., additional, Illingworth, G. D., additional, Dokkum, P. G. van, additional, Bouwens, R. J., additional, Franx, M., additional, Carollo, C. M., additional, Trenti, M., additional, Holden, B., additional, Smit, R., additional, González, V., additional, Magee, D., additional, Stiavelli, M., additional, and Stefanon, M., additional

Published
2015
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32. The Science Performance of JWST as Characterized in Commissioning

Author

Jane Rigby, Marshall Perrin, Michael McElwain, Randy Kimble, Scott Friedman, Matt Lallo, René Doyon, Lee Feinberg, Pierre Ferruit, Alistair Glasse, Marcia Rieke, George Rieke, Gillian Wright, Chris Willott, Knicole Colon, Stefanie Milam, Susan Neff, Christopher Stark, Jeff Valenti, Jim Abell, Faith Abney, Yasin Abul-Huda, D. Scott Acton, Evan Adams, David Adler, Jonathan Aguilar, Nasif Ahmed, Loïc Albert, Stacey Alberts, David Aldridge, Marsha Allen, Martin Altenburg, Javier Álvarez-Márquez, Catarina Alves de Oliveira, Greg Andersen, Harry Anderson, Sara Anderson, Ioannis Argyriou, Amber Armstrong, Santiago Arribas, Etienne Artigau, Amanda Arvai, Charles Atkinson, Gregory Bacon, Thomas Bair, Kimberly Banks, Jaclyn Barrientes, Bruce Barringer, Peter Bartosik, William Bast, Pierre Baudoz, Thomas Beatty, Katie Bechtold, Tracy Beck, Eddie Bergeron, Matthew Bergkoetter, Rachana Bhatawdekar, Stephan Birkmann, Ronald Blazek, Claire Blome, Anthony Boccaletti, Torsten Böker, John Boia, Nina Bonaventura, Nicholas Bond, Kari Bosley, Ray Boucarut, Matthew Bourque, Jeroen Bouwman, Gary Bower, Charles Bowers, Martha Boyer, Larry Bradley, Greg Brady, Hannah Braun, David Breda, Pamela Bresnahan, Stacey Bright, Christopher Britt, Asa Bromenschenkel, Brian Brooks, Keira Brooks, Bob Brown, Matthew Brown, Patricia Brown, Andy Bunker, Matthew Burger, Howard Bushouse, Steven Cale, Alex Cameron, Peter Cameron, Alicia Canipe, James Caplinger, Francis Caputo, Mihai Cara, Larkin Carey, Stefano Carniani, Maria Carrasquilla, Margaret Carruthers, Michael Case, Riggs Catherine, Don Chance, George Chapman, Stéphane Charlot, Brian Charlow, Pierre Chayer, Bin Chen, Brian Cherinka, Sarah Chichester, Zack Chilton, Taylor Chonis, Mark Clampin, Charles Clark, Kerry Clark, Dan Coe, Benee Coleman, Brian Comber, Tom Comeau, Dennis Connolly, James Cooper, Rachel Cooper, Eric Coppock, Matteo Correnti, Christophe Cossou, Alain Coulais, Laura Coyle, Misty Cracraft, Mirko Curti, Steven Cuturic, Katherine Davis, Michael Davis, Bruce Dean, Amy DeLisa, Wim deMeester, Nadia Dencheva, Nadezhda Dencheva, Joseph DePasquale, Jeremy Deschenes, Örs Hunor Detre, Rosa Diaz, Dan Dicken, Audrey DiFelice, Matthew Dillman, William Dixon, Jesse Doggett, Tom Donaldson, Rob Douglas, Kimberly DuPrie, Jean Dupuis, John Durning, Nilufar Easmin, Weston Eck, Chinwe Edeani, Eiichi Egami, Ralf Ehrenwinkler, Jonathan Eisenhamer, Michael Eisenhower, Michelle Elie, James Elliott, Kyle Elliott, Tracy Ellis, Michael Engesser, Nestor Espinoza, Odessa Etienne, Mireya Etxaluze, Patrick Falini, Matthew Feeney, Malcolm Ferry, Joseph Filippazzo, Brian Fincham, Mees Fix, Nicolas Flagey, Michael Florian, Jim Flynn, Erin Fontanella, Terrance Ford, Peter Forshay, Ori Fox, David Franz, Henry Fu, Alexander Fullerton, Sergey Galkin, Anthony Galyer, Macarena García Marín, Jonathan P. Gardner, Lisa Gardner, Dennis Garland, Bruce Garrett, Danny Gasman, Andras Gaspar, Daniel Gaudreau, Peter Gauthier, Vincent Geers, Paul Geithner, Mario Gennaro, Giovanna Giardino, Julien Girard, Mark Giuliano, Kirk Glassmire, Adrian Glauser, Stuart Glazer, John Godfrey, David Golimowski, David Gollnitz, Fan Gong, Shireen Gonzaga, Michael Gordon, Karl Gordon, Paul Goudfrooij, Thomas Greene, Matthew Greenhouse, Stefano Grimaldi, Andrew Groebner, Timothy Grundy, Pierre Guillard, Irvin Gutman, Kong Q. Ha, Peter Haderlein, Andria Hagedorn, Kevin Hainline, Craig Haley, Maryam Hami, Forrest Hamilton, Heidi Hammel, Carl Hansen, Tom Harkins, Michael Harr, Jessica Hart, Quyen Hart, George Hartig, Ryan Hashimoto, Sujee Haskins, William Hathaway, Keith Havey, Brian Hayden, Karen Hecht, Chris Heller-Boyer, Caroline Henriques, Alaina Henry, Karl Hermann, Scarlin Hernandez, Brigette Hesman, Brian Hicks, Bryan Hilbert, Dean Hines, Melissa Hoffman, Sherie Holfeltz, Bryan J. Holler, Jennifer Hoppa, Kyle Hott, Joseph M. Howard, Rick Howard, Alexander Hunter, David Hunter, Brendan Hurst, Bernd Husemann, Leah Hustak, Luminita Ilinca Ignat, Garth Illingworth, Sandra Irish, Wallace Jackson, Amir Jahromi, Peter Jakobsen, LeAndrea James, Bryan James, William Januszewski, Ann Jenkins, Hussein Jirdeh, Phillip Johnson, Timothy Johnson, Vicki Jones, Ron Jones, Danny Jones, Olivia Jones, Ian Jordan, Margaret Jordan, Sarah Jurczyk, Alden Jurling, Catherine Kaleida, Phillip Kalmanson, Jens Kammerer, Huijo Kang, Shaw-Hong Kao, Diane Karakla, Patrick Kavanagh, Doug Kelly, Sarah Kendrew, Herbert Kennedy, Deborah Kenny, Ritva Keski-kuha, Charles Keyes, Richard Kidwell, Wayne Kinzel, Jeff Kirk, Mark Kirkpatrick, Danielle Kirshenblat, Pamela Klaassen, Bryan Knapp, J. Scott Knight, Perry Knollenberg, Robert Koehler, Anton Koekemoer, Aiden Kovacs, Trey Kulp, Nimisha Kumari, Mark Kyprianou, Stephanie La Massa, Aurora Labador, Alvaro Labiano, Pierre-Olivier Lagage, Charles-Philippe Lajoie, Matthew Lallo, May Lam, Tracy Lamb, Scott Lambros, Richard Lampenfield, James Langston, Kirsten Larson, David Law, Jon Lawrence, David Lee, Jarron Leisenring, Kelly Lepo, Michael Leveille, Nancy Levenson, Marie Levine, Zena Levy, Dan Lewis, Hannah Lewis, Mattia Libralato, Paul Lightsey, Miranda Link, Lily Liu, Amy Lo, Alexandra Lockwood, Ryan Logue, Chris Long, Douglas Long, Charles Loomis, Marcos Lopez-Caniego, Jose Lorenzo Alvarez, Jennifer Love-Pruitt, Adrian Lucy, Nora Luetzgendorf, Peiman Maghami, Roberto Maiolino, Melissa Major, Sunita Malla, Eliot Malumuth, Elena Manjavacas, Crystal Mannfolk, Amanda Marrione, Anthony Marston, André Martel, Marc Maschmann, Gregory Masci, Michaela Masciarelli, Michael Maszkiewicz, John Mather, Kenny McKenzie, Brian McLean, Matthew McMaster, Katie Melbourne, Marcio Meléndez, Michael Menzel, Kaiya Merz, Michele Meyett, Luis Meza, Cherie Miskey, Karl Misselt, Christopher Moller, Jane Morrison, Ernie Morse, Harvey Moseley, Gary Mosier, Matt Mountain, Julio Mueckay, Michael Mueller, Susan Mullally, Jess Murphy, Katherine Murray, Claire Murray, David Mustelier, James Muzerolle, Matthew Mycroft, Richard Myers, Kaila Myrick, Shashvat Nanavati, Elizabeth Nance, Omnarayani Nayak, Bret Naylor, Edmund Nelan, Bryony Nickson, Alethea Nielson, Maria Nieto-Santisteban, Nikolay Nikolov, Alberto Noriega-Crespo, Brian O’Shaughnessy, Brian O’Sullivan, William Ochs, Patrick Ogle, Brenda Oleszczuk, Joseph Olmsted, Shannon Osborne, Richard Ottens, Beverly Owens, Camilla Pacifici, Alyssa Pagan, James Page, Sang Park, Keith Parrish, Polychronis Patapis, Lee Paul, Tyler Pauly, Cheryl Pavlovsky, Andrew Pedder, Matthew Peek, Maria Pena-Guerrero, Konstantin Penanen, Yesenia Perez, Michele Perna, Beth Perriello, Kevin Phillips, Martin Pietraszkiewicz, Jean-Paul Pinaud, Norbert Pirzkal, Joseph Pitman, Aidan Piwowar, Vera Platais, Danielle Player, Rachel Plesha, Joe Pollizi, Ethan Polster, Klaus Pontoppidan, Blair Porterfield, Charles Proffitt, Laurent Pueyo, Christine Pulliam, Brian Quirt, Irma Quispe Neira, Rafael Ramos Alarcon, Leah Ramsay, Greg Rapp, Robert Rapp, Bernard Rauscher, Swara Ravindranath, Timothy Rawle, Michael Regan, Timothy A. Reichard, Carl Reis, Michael E. Ressler, Armin Rest, Paul Reynolds, Timothy Rhue, Karen Richon, Emily Rickman, Michael Ridgaway, Christine Ritchie, Hans-Walter Rix, Massimo Robberto, Gregory Robinson, Michael Robinson, Orion Robinson, Frank Rock, David Rodriguez, Bruno Rodriguez Del Pino, Thomas Roellig, Scott Rohrbach, Anthony Roman, Fred Romelfanger, Perry Rose, Anthony Roteliuk, Marc Roth, Braden Rothwell, Neil Rowlands, Arpita Roy, Pierre Royer, Patricia Royle, Chunlei Rui, Peter Rumler, Joel Runnels, Melissa Russ, Zafar Rustamkulov, Grant Ryden, Holly Ryer, Modhumita Sabata, Derek Sabatke, Elena Sabbi, Bridget Samuelson, Benjamin Sapp, Bradley Sappington, B. Sargent, Arne Sauer, Silvia Scheithauer, Everett Schlawin, Joseph Schlitz, Tyler Schmitz, Analyn Schneider, Jürgen Schreiber, Vonessa Schulze, Ryan Schwab, John Scott, Kenneth Sembach, Clare Shanahan, Bryan Shaughnessy, Richard Shaw, Nanci Shawger, Christopher Shay, Evan Sheehan, Sharon Shen, Allan Sherman, Bernard Shiao, Hsin-Yi Shih, Irene Shivaei, Matthew Sienkiewicz, David Sing, Marco Sirianni, Anand Sivaramakrishnan, Joy Skipper, G. C. Sloan, Christine Slocum, Steven Slowinski, Erin Smith, Eric Smith, Denise Smith, Corbett Smith, Gregory Snyder, Warren Soh, Sangmo Tony Sohn, Christian Soto, Richard Spencer, Scott Stallcup, John Stansberry, Carl Starr, Elysia Starr, Alphonso Stewart, Massimo Stiavelli, Amber Straughn, David Strickland, Jeff Stys, Francis Summers, Fengwu Sun, Ben Sunnquist, Daryl Swade, Michael Swam, Robert Swaters, Robby Swoish, Joanna M. Taylor, Rolanda Taylor, Maurice Te Plate, Mason Tea, Kelly Teague, Randal Telfer, Tea Temim, Deepashri Thatte, Christopher Thompson, Linda Thompson, Shaun Thomson, Tuomo Tikkanen, William Tippet, Connor Todd, Sharon Toolan, Hien Tran, Edwin Trejo, Justin Truong, Chris Tsukamoto, Samuel Tustain, Harrison Tyra, Leonardo Ubeda, Kelli Underwood, Michael Uzzo, Julie Van Campen, Thomas Vandal, Bart Vandenbussche, Begoña Vila, Kevin Volk, Glenn Wahlgren, Mark Waldman, Chanda Walker, Michel Wander, Christine Warfield, Gerald Warner, Matthew Wasiak, Mitchell Watkins, Andrew Weaver, Mark Weilert, Nick Weiser, Ben Weiss, Sarah Weissman, Alan Welty, Garrett West, Lauren Wheate, Elizabeth Wheatley, Thomas Wheeler, Rick White, Kevin Whiteaker, Paul Whitehouse, Jennifer Whiteleather, William Whitman, Christina Williams, Christopher Willmer, Scott Willoughby, Andrew Wilson, Gregory Wirth, Emily Wislowski, Erin Wolf, David Wolfe, Schuyler Wolff, Bill Workman, Ray Wright, Carl Wu, Rai Wu, Kristen Wymer, Kayla Yates, Christopher Yeager, Jared Yeates, Ethan Yerger, Jinmi Yoon, Alice Young, Susan Yu, Dean Zak, Peter Zeidler, Julia Zhou, Thomas Zielinski, Cristian Zincke, Stephanie Zonak, Rigby, J., Perrin, M., Mcelwain, M., Kimble, R., Friedman, S., Lallo, M., Doyon, R., Feinberg, L., Ferruit, P., Glasse, A., Rieke, M., Rieke, G., Wright, G., Willott, C., Colon, K., Milam, S., Neff, S., Stark, C., Valenti, J., Abell, J., Abney, F., Abul-Huda, Y., Scott Acton, D., Adams, E., Adler, D., Aguilar, J., Ahmed, N., Albert, L., Alberts, S., Aldridge, D., Allen, M., Altenburg, M., Alvarez-Marquez, J., Alves de Oliveira, C., Andersen, G., Anderson, H., Anderson, S., Argyriou, I., Armstrong, A., Arribas, S., Artigau, E., Arvai, A., Atkinson, C., Bacon, G., Bair, T., Banks, K., Barrientes, J., Barringer, B., Bartosik, P., Bast, W., Baudoz, P., Beatty, T., Bechtold, K., Beck, T., Bergeron, E., Bergkoetter, M., Bhatawdekar, R., Birkmann, S., Blazek, R., Blome, C., Boccaletti, A., Boker, T., Boia, J., Bonaventura, N., Bond, N., Bosley, K., Boucarut, R., Bourque, M., Bouwman, J., Bower, G., Bowers, C., Boyer, M., Bradley, L., Brady, G., Braun, H., Breda, D., Bresnahan, P., Bright, S., Britt, C., Bromenschenkel, A., Brooks, B., Brooks, K., Brown, B., Brown, M., Brown, P., Bunker, A., Burger, M., Bushouse, H., Cale, S., Cameron, A., Cameron, P., Canipe, A., Caplinger, J., Caputo, F., Cara, M., Carey, L., Carniani, S., Carrasquilla, M., Carruthers, M., Case, M., Catherine, R., Chance, D., Chapman, G., Charlot, S., Charlow, B., Chayer, P., Chen, B., Cherinka, B., Chichester, S., Chilton, Z., Chonis, T., Clampin, M., Clark, C., Clark, K., Coe, D., Coleman, B., Comber, B., Comeau, T., Connolly, D., Cooper, J., Cooper, R., Coppock, E., Correnti, M., Cossou, C., Coulais, A., Coyle, L., Cracraft, M., Curti, M., Cuturic, S., Davis, K., Davis, M., Dean, B., Delisa, A., Demeester, W., Dencheva, N., Depasquale, J., Deschenes, J., Hunor Detre, I., Diaz, R., Dicken, D., Difelice, A., Dillman, M., Dixon, W., Doggett, J., Donaldson, T., Douglas, R., Duprie, K., Dupuis, J., Durning, J., Easmin, N., Eck, W., Edeani, C., Egami, E., Ehrenwinkler, R., Eisenhamer, J., Eisenhower, M., Elie, M., Elliott, J., Elliott, K., Ellis, T., Engesser, M., Espinoza, N., Etienne, O., Etxaluze, M., Falini, P., Feeney, M., Ferry, M., Filippazzo, J., Fincham, B., Fix, M., Flagey, N., Florian, M., Flynn, J., Fontanella, E., Ford, T., Forshay, P., Fox, O., Franz, D., Fu, H., Fullerton, A., Galkin, S., Galyer, A., Garcia Marin, M., Gardner, J. P., Gardner, L., Garland, D., Garrett, B., Gasman, D., Gaspar, A., Gaudreau, D., Gauthier, P., Geers, V., Geithner, P., Gennaro, M., Giardino, G., Girard, J., Giuliano, M., Glassmire, K., Glauser, A., Glazer, S., Godfrey, J., Golimowski, D., Gollnitz, D., Gong, F., Gonzaga, S., Gordon, M., Gordon, K., Goudfrooij, P., Greene, T., Greenhouse, M., Grimaldi, S., Groebner, A., Grundy, T., Guillard, P., Gutman, I., Ha, K. Q., Haderlein, P., Hagedorn, A., Hainline, K., Haley, C., Hami, M., Hamilton, F., Hammel, H., Hansen, C., Harkins, T., Harr, M., Hart, J., Hart, Q., Hartig, G., Hashimoto, R., Haskins, S., Hathaway, W., Havey, K., Hayden, B., Hecht, K., Heller-Boyer, C., Henriques, C., Henry, A., Hermann, K., Hernandez, S., Hesman, B., Hicks, B., Hilbert, B., Hines, D., Hoffman, M., Holfeltz, S., Holler, B. J., Hoppa, J., Hott, K., Howard, J. 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Subjects
Science & Technology, Observatories, Infrared astronomy, Astronomical instrumentation, INFRARED SPECTROGRAPH NIRSPEC, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astronomy & Astrophysics, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, Space and Planetary Science, Physical Sciences, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract

This paper characterizes the actual science performance of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), as determined from the six month commissioning period. We summarize the performance of the spacecraft, telescope, science instruments, and ground system, with an emphasis on differences from pre-launch expectations. Commissioning has made clear that JWST is fully capable of achieving the discoveries for which it was built. Moreover, almost across the board, the science performance of JWST is better than expected; in most cases, JWST will go deeper faster than expected. The telescope and instrument suite have demonstrated the sensitivity, stability, image quality, and spectral range that are necessary to transform our understanding of the cosmos through observations spanning from near-earth asteroids to the most distant galaxies., Comment: 5th version as accepted to PASP; 31 pages, 18 figures; https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1538-3873/acb293

Published
2022
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