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The primary goal of this study was to determine the risk due to radon concentration in drinking water. Water is essential for most of the life on the Earth, and the quality of drinking water is a key criterion for one's health. Radon (222Rn) and radium (226Ra) are the radioactive elements that can be found in water. Thirty samples of drinking water were collected in Haliyal, Joida, and Mundgod taluks of Uttara Kannada district. Emanometry technique was used to determine the concentration of 222Rn activity. The activity concentration of 222Rn in water varies between 3.78 ± 0.38 Bq l-1. and 135.96 ± 1.72 Bq l-1 with a mean value of 26.23 ± 0.65 Bq l-1. The cumulative average annual effective doses for all of the samples under investigation are well below the safe limit of 100 µSv y-1 suggested by WHO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The indoor 222Rn and 220Rn were measured by using deposition progeny sensors and single-entry pinhole dosimeter around Kolar Gold Fields of Karnataka state, India. The thirty different places were identified and fixed the dosimetry cups for the determination. The 222Rn and 220Rn concentrations of indoor environment range from 26.2 ± 1.3 to 138.4 ± 1.6 and 21.2 ± 0.8 to 133.3 ± 1.5 Bq/m3 with a mean value of 68.8 ± 1.6 and 61.8 ± 1.5 Bq/m3, respectively. The equivalent concentrations of 222Rn and 220Rn values vary from 0.9 ± 0.4 to 7.6 ± 1.1 and 6.8 ± 0.8 to 19.8 ± 1.8 Bq/m3 with a standard value of 4.3 ± 0.8 and 14.2 ± 1.3 Bq/m3, respectively. The values between the equilibrium factor between 222Rn, 220Rn, and their daughter were also calculated and found to be 0.23 and 0.07, respectively. The average annual intake of 222Rn, 220Rn, and their daughters' products is 2.28 mSv/y1, slightly below the global average of 2.4 mSv/y1 from all components. The data obtained compare average values in the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study pin hole dosimeter with deposition based progeny sensors were used to estimate 222Rn, 220Rn and their daughters in the indoor atmosphere. The estimated annual average indoor 222Rn and 220Rn activity concentration were found to be 76.4 Bq m−3 and 93.5 Bq m−3, respectively. The mean value of EEC for radon and thoron was 45.5 Bq m−3 and 1.3 Bq m−3 respectively. The annual effective dose due to indoor 222Rn and 220Rn were found to be 2.9 mSv y−1 and 0.4 mSv y−1 respectively. The estimated effective doses are well below the safe limit as suggested by ICRP for indoor exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study presents the results of indoor and outdoor ambient gamma dose rates and radon concentration in groundwater at different locations of Koppa and Narasimharajapura taluks of Chikmagalur district, (13°40' north latitude and 75° 62' east longitudes). The total annual effective dose ranged between 0.67 mSv/y and 1.76 mSv/y with an average value of 1.16 mSv/y. The calculated total annual effective dose was found to be higher than the world average. The radon concentration in groundwater was analyzed using radon emanometry technique. The measured radon concentrations ranged from 3.96 Bq/l to 90.63 Bq/l with an average value of 35.34 Bq/l. This study reveals that 80% of drinking water samples have radon levels higher than the maximum contaminant level of 11 Bq/l recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. All the recorded radon concentration values were found to be well below the action level of 100 Bq/l recommended by the World Health Organization. It is also found that the dose due to borewell water samples is higher compared to dose due to water from other sources such as hand pump, open well, and tap water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human beings are continuously exposed to the radiations coming from terrestrial and extraterrestrial sources and inside their own bodies. This study presents the results of indoor and outdoor ambient gamma dose rates in and around granite regions of Shimoga District, and these measurements were carried out by using environmental radiation Dosimeter ER-709 which is a portable detector. By the measured average absorbed dose rates, annual effective dose (AED) has been calculated by a standard method. Results showed that the indoor and outdoor absorbed dose rates in air of Shimoga district ranged between 114.05 ± 2.11 to 332.6 ± 3.99 nGy/h and 87 ± 1.7 to 276.66 ± 4.76 nGy/h. The indoor and outdoor AED ranged between 0.559 to 1.631 mSv/year with an average value of 0.872 mSv/year and 0.106 to 0.339 mSv/year with an average value of 0.235 mSv/year, respectively. The calculated indoor and outdoor AEDs were found to be higher than the world average. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indoor radon (222Rn), thoron (220Rn) and their progeny concentrations have been measured in different types of buildings at different locations in different dwellings in different seasons in Hassan city, Karnataka, using time-integrated passive radon dosemeters containing LR-115 Type II solid-state nuclear track detectors. The annual effective dose due to radon and thoron has been estimated. The activity concentrations were observed to be highest in winter and lowest in summer, and the data also shows that bathrooms and kitchens have significantly higher radon-thoron concentrations and annual effective doses., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)

Background: It is estimated that between 80% and 99% of alarms in the clinical areas are in actionable alarms (Gross, Dahl, & Nielson). Alarm management is one of the Joint Commission's National Patient Safety Goals (2014) because sentinel events have directly been linked to the devices generating these alarms., Purpose: At an acute care facility in Boston, a multidisciplinary team consisting of Nursing, Biomedical Engineers, Patient Safety and Providers was formed to conduct a pilot study on the state of telemetry alarms on a surgical floor., Methods: An evidence-based approach was taken utilizing Philips Real-time data exporter alarms tracking software to capture all telemetry alarms during a 43-day time span. Likewise, noise meters were placed near telemetry alarm speakers to track decibel levels within the aforementioned timeframe for 21 days. Analysis of the data showed that clinically insignificant Premature Ventricular Contractions (PVC) alarms accounted for more than 40% of all alarms in the unit within the time span, while also contributing to an average noise level of 58.49 dB. In response to the data, the interdisciplinary team approved to permanently default the settings for PAIR PVC, MULTIFORM PVC, and RUN PVC alarms to off., Results: The results showed a 54% decrease in the rate of alarms per bed per day, and an average noise reduction of 2.3 dB between the two selected noise measurement areas., Linking Evidence to Action: Organizing a multidisciplinary team provides an effective framework toward analyzing and addressing cardiac telemetry alarm fatigue. Looking at quantitative datasets for clinical care areas through various lenses helps identify opportunities for improvement in regards to highlighting alarms that are not actionable. Pilot changes to alarm parameters can be tested for their environmental impact in the care area., (© 2017 Sigma Theta Tau International.)