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The purpose of this study is to analyze the outcome of instruction and the implication of improving university student’s vocational basic competency evaluation of non-face instruction in the “untact” era. The contents of this study were the theorectical analysis of competency-based evaluation, and the different analysis of Vocational Basic Competency between pretest and post-test self-evaluation surveys. The subjects of this study were the students enrolled in two Leadership instructional programs and two interpersonal relations instructional programs in the field of liberal arts at Shinhan University. Looking at the results of this study, the results of self-evaluation of the vocational basic competency of students before and after class showed significant differences at the 0.01 level in all 10 vocational basic competency categories and 34 sub-elements. There was no significant difference when it came to the grade and subject of the students. In addition, in the survey on non-face-to-face video classes, 31% of students responded that they were effective, while 69% said such classes were ineffective. The advantages of the untact video classes were 67.7% for repeated listening and 22.9% for time utilization. According to the students, the disadvantages of the untact video classes were as follows: 44.3% for the burden felt by weekly tasks, 20.6% for the lack of rapport between the professor and the students, and 17.5% for the lack of student communication. As for the appropriate ratio of untact classes, 49.4% responded that a proper ratio would be in the range of 20% to 50%. Based on the above students' self-evaluation results of vocational basic competency before and after class, and the results of opinion surveys regarding untact classes, future policies are proposed at the student, professor, university, and national level. Students need to self-diagnose and manage their vocational basic competency. Also, professors need to strengthen the national competency ability, and strengthen their untact online class capabilities. Universities need to upgrade their cyber systems, establish a curriculum development program, and develop management systems to improve vocational basic competency. The state needs to expand its financial support to strengthen the performance of cyber systems and to develop a manual for the operation of liberal arts education, as well as to compile a collection of best practices to enhance vocational basic competency.

Supplementary Tables S1-S4.

Purpose: Identification of novel biomarkers of cancer is important for improved diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic intervention. This study aimed to identify marker genes of colorectal cancer (CRC) by combining bioinformatics analysis of gene expression data and validation experiments using patient samples and to examine the potential connection between validated markers and the established oncogenes such as c-Myc and K-ras.Experimental Design: Publicly available data from GenBank and Oncomine were meta-analyzed leading to 34 candidate marker genes of CRC. Multiple case-matched normal and tumor tissues were examined by RT-PCR for differential expression, and 9 genes were validated as CRC biomarkers. Statistical analyses for correlation with major clinical parameters were carried out, and RNA interference was used to examine connection with major oncogenes.Results: We show with high confidence that 9 (ECT2, ETV4, DDX21, RAN, S100A11, RPS4X, HSPD1, CKS2, and C9orf140) of the 34 candidate genes are expressed at significantly elevated levels in CRC tissues compared to normal tissues. Furthermore, high-level expression of RPS4X was associated with nonmucinous cancer cell type and that of ECT2 with lack of lymphatic invasion while upregulation of CKS2 was correlated with early tumor stage and lack of family history of CRC. We also demonstrate that RPS4X and DDX21 are regulatory targets of c-Myc and ETV4 is downstream to K-ras signaling.Conclusions: We have identified multiple novel biomarkers of CRC. Further analyses of their function and connection to signaling pathways may reveal potential value of these biomarkers in diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of CRC. Clin Cancer Res; 17(4); 700–9. ©2011 AACR.