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Present study was to evaluate and standardize different ultrasonography techniques to predict malignancy of canine tumours. The study was conducted on 28 canine patients (20 females and 8 males) with visible tumour masses with age ranging from 5 to 13 years of age and body weight from 11 to 37 Kg, for a period of 8 months. The ultrasonographic variables for different techniques (B-mode, Colour Doppler and stress elastography) were measured and recorded. The tumour masses after excision were submitted for routine histopathological examination. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance and paired “t” test using IBM SPSS statistical packages. The B-mode and Colour Doppler ultrasonography had a low to moderate sensitivity, specificity and accuracy in predicting the malignancy of canine tumours. The stress elastography was a reliable and non-invasive technique to predict the malignancy in case of canine tumours with highest level of sensitivity, specificity and accuracy.

Aim: The present study has been envisaged to ascertain the old age for critical management of geriatric dogs considering the parameters of externally visible changes, haemato-biochemical alterations and urine analysis in geriatric dogs approaching senility. Materials and Methods: The study was undertaken in the Department of Veterinary Pathology in collaboration with Teaching Veterinary Clinic complex spanning a period of 1 year. For screening of geriatric dogs, standard geriatric age chart of different breeds was followed. The external characteristics such as hair coat texture, dental wear and tear, skin texture and glaucoma were taken as a marker of old age. Haematology, serum biochemistry and urine analysis were also included in the study. Results: External visible changes like greying of hair, dull appearance of hair coat, glaucoma, osteoarthritis, dental wear and tear were commonly encountered in the aged dogs. The haemoglobin, total erythrocyte count and packed cell volume showed a decreasing trend in the geriatric groups. Biochemical values like total protein, albumin, calcium level showed a decreasing trend while urea level with an increasing trend in geriatric dogs without any much alteration in serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminse, serum glutamic-pyruvate transaminase, cholesterol and creatinine. Physical examination of urine revealed yellow, amber, red, deep red color with turbidity and higher specific gravity. Chemical examination revealed presence of protein, glucose, ketone bodies, blood and bilirubin on some cases. The culture and sensitivity test of the urine samples revealed presence of bacteria with sensitive and resistance to some antibiotics. Conclusion: External visible changes are still the golden standard of determining the old age in dogs. Haemato-biochemical evaluation can be useful for correlating with the pathophysiological status of the animal. Biochemical analysis of urine can be employed rightly as kidney dysfunction is being major geriatric problem. Anaemia, jaundice, nephritis, hepatitis are the most common findings considered during old age.

A 5-year-old male dog was presented with the complaint of a chronic nonhealing wound on both hind legs. The wound occurred during a serious train accident that caused loss of both hind limbs below the hock joint. Since then, the wound did not respond to any standard treatment for up to 4 months. Again it was dressed for 15 days, but it did not show any improvement. With the consent of the owner, cell-based therapy was conducted by collecting bone marrow from the proximal anteromedial aspect of the tibia. After the application of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) the time to complete healing was 24 days. Due to pressure at the bony cut stump, the dog was noted to have pain while walking, and walked on his forelegs. An artificial limb was subsequently applied. The dog managed to walk normally after several days of training.

Background: Gastric outlet obstruction is the clinical and pathophysiological consequence of any disease process that produces a mechanical impediment to gastric emptying. The causes of gastric outlet obstruction can be broadly classified as benign (non-cancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Unless treated in its early stage the prognosis of this disease is very poor. Present study includes details of clinical and pathological aspects of the disease, the treatment protocol and outcomes in the causes of malignant gastric outlet obstruction.Methods: A total number of forty diagnosed case of gastric outlet obstruction due to carcinoma stomach were included in this study who were admitted to the surgical wards. The diagnosis of the disease was established by subjecting them to the physical examination and special diagnostic modalities like, upper GI endoscopy and endoscopic biopsy, USG abdomen, barium meal x ray of the stomach, FNAC, histopathological study of operated specimens.Results: USG examination showed 32 cases out of 40 suggestive of growth in stomach. Barium meal X ray showed 15 patients reported persistent filling defect. Occult blood was 87 % positive. FNAC results showed 91% having epigastric clump and 9 % Virchow node. At laparotomy 75% growth was polyploidal, 20%extravacative and 5% of lienitis plastica.10 cases of early gastric carcinoma were subjected to curative resections. Patients who presented multiple metastasis were subjected to gastrojejunal anastomosis. 12 clinicopathological and surgical factors were considered for analysis.Conclusions: Clinicopathological and surgical factors have definite bearing in prognosticating (predicting) the outcome of surgery in carcinoma of stomach.